scholarly journals The Effect of Supplemental Glutamine on Growth Performance, Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract, and Humoral Immune Response of Broilers

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1940-1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Bartell ◽  
A.B. Batal
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Performance Development

Effects of dietary essential amino acid deficiencies on the growth performance and humoral immune response in silvery-black porgy (Sparidentex hasta) juveniles

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 5311-5323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Yaghoubi ◽  
Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh ◽  
Jasem G. Marammazi ◽  
Omid Safari ◽  
Enric Gisbert
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Black Porgy ◽  
Sparidentex Hasta

scholarly journals A compromised specific humoral immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain is related to viral persistence and periodic shedding in the gastrointestinal tract

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1119-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyu Hu ◽  
Fengjuan Chen ◽  
Zhihua Ou ◽  
Qinghong Fan ◽  
Xinghua Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Viral Persistence ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Humoral Immune

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been redetected after discharge in some coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The reason for the recurrent positivity of the test and the potential public health concern due to this occurrence are still unknown. Here, we analyzed the viral data and clinical manifestations of 289 domestic Chinese COVID-19 patients and found that 21 individuals (7.3%) were readmitted for hospitalization after detection of SARS-CoV-2 after discharge. First, we experimentally confirmed that the virus was involved in the initial infection and was not a secondary infection. In positive retests, the virus was usually found in anal samples (15 of 21, 71.4%). Through analysis of the intracellular viral subgenomic messenger RNA (sgmRNA), we verified that positive retest patients had active viral replication in their gastrointestinal tracts (3 of 16 patients, 18.7%) but not in their respiratory tracts. Then, we found that viral persistence was not associated with high viral titers, delayed viral clearance, old age, or more severe clinical symptoms during the first hospitalization. In contrast, viral rebound was associated with significantly lower levels of and slower generation of viral receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific IgA and IgG antibodies. Our study demonstrated that the positive retest patients failed to create a robust protective humoral immune response, which might result in SARS-CoV-2 persistence in the gastrointestinal tract and possibly in active viral shedding. Further exploration of the mechanism underlying the rebound in SARS-CoV-2 in this population will be crucial for preventing virus spread and developing effective vaccines.

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