scholarly journals Feed Efficiency and Mitochondrial Function

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Bottje ◽  
N.R. Pumford ◽  
C. Ojano-Dirain ◽  
M. Iqbal ◽  
K. Lassiter
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Feed Efficiency

scholarly journals Association of mitochondrial function with feed efficiency within a single genetic line of male broilers

2002 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Bottje ◽  
M. Iqbal ◽  
Z.X. Tang ◽  
D. Cawthon ◽  
R. Okimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Line

scholarly journals PSIII-10 The association of genes involved in mitochondrial function with growth, size, and feed efficiency traits in developing beef heifers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
Samantha J Schmoker ◽  
Nayan Bhowmik ◽  
Carl R Dahlen ◽  
Kendall C Swanson ◽  
Kris A Ringwall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Quality Checks ◽  
Weight Data

Abstract The objective was to determine if genetic markers related to mitochondrial function are associated with growth and feed intake of Bos taurus heifers fed forage-based diets. Weight data collected at birth, weaning, and as yearlings were available on 373 heifers. As yearlings, feed intake was measured using an Insentec system. Primary ancestral breeds of heifers included 204 British, 66 Continental European, 68 American Aberdeen, 29 British mix, and 6 American Aberdeen mix. Traits included DMI, ADG, G:F, adjusted birth weight (BWT), adjusted 205 weaning weight (WW), and average of start and end feed trial weight (FWT) and body volume (VOL). Heifers were genotyped using Neogen GGP150HD for beef cattle. Markers (n=56) were extracted if located within or flanking AMPK, PPARGC1A, FGF2, and SIRT1 or on mitochondrial DNA using ARS-UCD1.2 coordinates. After quality checks (minor allele frequency and call rate), 44 markers remained. No mitochondrial markers passed quality checks. For each trait, each marker was fit independently as a fixed effect in a model including year and group based on frame score (n=4), ancestry (n=5), and dam age (n=4; non-adjusted traits only). Pairwise comparisons were done using Tukey-Kramer method. No markers within FGF2 or SIRT1 had significant associations. Two markers were found significant for PPARGC1A, where Hapmap24121-BTC-039009 (P=0.0344) showed the C allele increased DMI. For weight traits, significant markers surrounding AMPK and within PPARGC1A (n=5; 0.0009≤P≤ 0.0468) identified dominance gene actions that indicate certain variants of the AMPK and PPARGC1A increased weight across time-points. For VOL, 16 of 22 markers within PPARGC1A were significant (0.0068≤P≤0.0467). Of the 16 markers, 14 identified a recessive variant that increased volume, but did not translate to increased weight. Further research is needed to better understand the roles that genetic markers for AMPK and PPARGC1A have on tissue level mitochondrial function and energy metabolism.

Pulmonary arterial pressure in fattened Angus steers at moderate altitude influences early postmortem mitochondria functionality and meat color during retail display

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoyu Zhai ◽  
Lance C Li Puma ◽  
Adam J Chicco ◽  
Asma Omar ◽  
Robert J Delmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Type I ◽  
Meat Color ◽  
Retail Display ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Early Postmortem

Abstract Pulmonary hypertension is a noninfectious disease of cattle at altitudes > 1524 m (5,000 ft). Mean pulmonary arterial pressures (PAP) are used as an indicator for pulmonary hypertension in cattle. High PAP cattle (≥ 50 mmHg) entering the feedlot at moderate elevations have lower feed efficiency as compared to low PAP cattle (< 50 mmHg). The impact of pulmonary arterial pressure on mitochondrial function, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) protein abundance, and meat color was examined using longissimus lumborum (LL) from high (98 ± 13 mmHg; n = 5) and low (41 ± 3 mmHg; n = 6) PAP fattened Angus steers (live weight of 588 ± 38 kg) during early postmortem period (2 h and 48 h) and retail display (day 1 to 9), respectively. High PAP muscle had greater (P = 0.013) OXPHOS-linked respiration and proton leak-associated respiration than low PAP muscles at 2 h postmortem but rapidly declined to be similar (P = 0.145) to low PAP muscle by 48 h postmortem. OXPHOS protein expression was higher (P = 0.045) in low PAP than high PAP muscle. During retail display, redness, chroma, hue, ratio of reflectance at 630 nm and 580 nm, and metmyoglobin reducing activity decreased faster (P < 0.05) in high PAP steaks than low PAP. Lipid oxidation significantly increased (P < 0.05) in high PAP steaks but not (P > 0.05) in low PAP. The results indicated that high PAP caused a lower OXPHOS efficiency and a greater fuel oxidation rates under conditions of low ATP demand in premortem beef LL muscle, this could explain the lower feed efficiency in high PAP feedlot cattle compared to low PAP counterparts. Mitochondrial integral function (membrane integrity or/and protein function) declined faster in high PAP than low PAP muscle at early postmortem. LL steaks from high PAP animals had lower color stability than those from the low PAP animals during simulated retail display, which could be partially attributed to the loss of muscle mitochondrial function at early postmortem by ROS damage in high PAP muscle. Pulmonary arterial hypertension could also decrease type I/type II muscle fiber ratio in skeletal muscle, which needs to be investigated further.

Mitochondrial metabolism: a driver of energy utilisation and product quality?

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2204 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Hudson ◽  
W. G. Bottje ◽  
R. J. Hawken ◽  
ByungWhi Kong ◽  
R. Okimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Mitochondrial Content ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Breast ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression

High feed efficiency is a very desirable production trait as it positively influences resource utilisation, profitability and environmental considerations, albeit at the possible expense of product quality. The modern broiler is arguably the most illustrative model species as it has been transformed over the past half century into an elite feed converter. Some producers are currently reporting that 42-day-old birds gain 1 kg of wet weight for every 1.35 kg of dry weight consumed. Its large breast muscle is exclusively composed of large, low mitochondrial-content Type IIB fibres, which may contribute to low maintenance costs and high efficiency. In an effort to gain a better understanding of individual variation in chicken feed efficiency, our group has been exploring the biology of the mitochondrion at multiple levels of organisation. The mitochondrion is the organelle where much biochemical energy transformation occurs in the cell. Using Cobb-Vantress industrial birds as our primary experimental resource, we have explored the tissue content, structure and function of the mitochondrion and its relationship to growth, development, efficiency and genetic background. While much remains to be understood, recent highlights include (1) variation in muscle mitochondrial content that is associated with performance phenotypes, (2) altered muscle mitochondrial gene and protein expression in birds differing in feed efficiency, (3) variation in isolated mitochondrial function in birds differing in feed efficiency and (4) evidence for an unexpected role for the mitochondrially localised progesterone receptor in altering bird muscle metabolism. Mitochondrial function is largely conserved across the vertebrates, so the same metabolic principles appear to apply to the major production species, whether monogastric or ruminant. A speculative role for the mitochondria in aspects of meat quality and in influencing postmortem anaerobic metabolism will conclude the manuscript.

scholarly journals Association of Mitochondrial Function and Feed Efficiency

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn P. Ojano-Dirain ◽  
Neil R. Pumford ◽  
Masaaki Toyomizu ◽  
Walter G. Bottje
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Feed Efficiency

scholarly journals Determination of mitochondrial function and site-specific defects in electron transport in duodenal mitochondria in broilers with low and high feed efficiency

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 1394-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.P. Ojano-Dirain ◽  
M. Iqbal ◽  
D. Cawthon ◽  
S. Swonger ◽  
T. Wing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
High Feed

Association of mitochondrial function with feed efficiency in rainbow trout: Diets and family effects

Aquaculture ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 321 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Eya ◽  
Martha F. Ashame ◽  
Charles F. Pomeroy
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Family Effects
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