scholarly journals Colored Pain Drawing as a Clinical Tool in Differentiating Neuropathic Pain from Non-Neuropathic Pain

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalini Sehgal ◽  
Debra B Gordon ◽  
Scott Hetzel ◽  
Miroslav “Misha” Backonja
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Pain Drawing ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Made In

Abstract Objectives This is a prospective, blinded, case–control study of patients with chronic pain using body diagrams and colored markers to show the distribution and quality of pain and sensory symptoms (aching, burning, tingling, numbness, and sensitivity to touch) experienced in affected body parts. Methods Two pain physicians, blinded to patients’ clinical diagnoses, independently reviewed and classified each colored pain drawing (CPD) for presence of neuropathic pain (NeuP) vs. non-neuropathic pain (NoP). A clinical diagnosis (gold standard) of NeuP was made in 151 of 213 (70.9%) enrolled patients. Results CPD assessment at “first glance” by both examiners resulted in correctly categorizing 137 (64.3% by examiner 1) and 156 (73.2% by examiner 2) CPDs. Next, classification of CPDs by both physicians, using predefined criteria of spatial distribution and quality of pain-sensory symptoms, improved concordance to 212 of 213 CPDs (Kappa = 0.99). The diagnostic ability to correctly identify NeuP and NoP by both examiners increased to 171 (80.2%) CPDs, with 80.1% sensitivity and 80.6% specificity (Kappa = 0.56 [95% confidence interval: 0.44–0.68]). The severity scores for pain and sensory symptoms (burning, tingling, numbness, and sensitivity to touch) on the Neuropathic Pain Questionnaire were significantly elevated in NeuP vs. NoP (P < 0.001). Conclusions This study demonstrates good performance characteristics of CPDs in identifying patients with NeuP through the use of a simple and easy-to-apply classification scheme. We suggest use of CPDs as a bedside screening tool and as a method for phenotypic profiling of patients by the quality and distribution of pain and sensory symptoms.

Quality of data on intra-EU trade in goods

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Iwona Markowicz ◽  
Paweł Baran
Keyword(s):  
Poor Quality ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Made In

Official statistics on trade in goods between EU member states are collect-ed on country-level and then aggregated by Eurostat. Methodology of data collecting differs slightly between member states(e.g. various statistical thresholds and coverage), including differences in exchange rates as well as undeclared or late-declared transac-tions, errors in classification of goods and other mistakes. It often involves incomparability of mirror data (nominally concerning the same transactions recorded in statistics of both dispatcher and receiver countries). A huge part of these differences can be explained with the variable quality of data resources in the Eurostat database. In the study data quality on intra-EU trade in goods for 2017 was compared between Poland and neigh-bouring EU countries, i.e.:Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Lithuania,and other Baltic states–Latvia and Estonia. The additional aim was to indicate the directions hav-ing the greatestinfluence on the observed differences in mirror data. The results of the study indicate that the declarations made in Estonia affect the poor quality of data on trade in goods between the countries mentioned above to the greatest extent.

scholarly journals Features of application of innovative educational technologies in Ukrainian higher education institutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-142
Author(s):  
Olena Udalova ◽  
Galina Buіanova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Technologies ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Innovative Teaching ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Made In

An attempt was made in the article for generalizing pedagogical educational technologies and use them in the process of preparing aspirants of higher education for professional activity. The concepts of «pedagogical technologies» and «innovations» from the point of didactic foundations of pedagogy are highlighted. The classification of innovative teaching methods used in the educational process of training future professionals is given. The authors emphasize the quality of training in the application of modern pedagogical methods that affect the modernization of educational content, methods, forms and allow to realize the most effective implementation of training tasks in the modern conditions.

Comprehensive Review of the Genetics of Albinism

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-700
Author(s):  
Ramon Jauregui ◽  
Laryssa A. Huryn ◽  
Brian P. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Social Stigma ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Molecular Classification ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Dark Complexion ◽  
Made In

Introduction It is important to understand albinism, since it is a disorder associated with visual impairment, predisposition to malignant melanomas, and social stigma. The main objective of this article is to review the genetics and biologic mechanisms of the non-syndromic albinism subtypes and to describe associated clinical manifestations. We also discuss research on its treatments. Methods A review of the published literature on albinism subtypes was performed, spanning basic laboratory research, published case reports, and experiences of people with albinism. Results Clear progress has been made in comprehending the causes of albinism; research has shed light on the complexity of the disorder and has led to the molecular classification of subtypes. Discussion Despite the increase in knowledge with regards to albinism, gaps still exist. It is important to continue the pursuit of unraveling the mechanism of the disorder and to monitor the frequency of the subtypes worldwide in order to aid in the development of treatments. Furthermore, disseminating knowledge of albinism is crucial for future progress. Implications for practitioners Albinism is a disorder characterized by hypopigmentation of the hair, skin, and eyes, with accompanying ocular abnormalities that remain relatively stable throughout life. The disorder is defined by a spectrum of pigmentation where albinism is more evident among individuals of dark complexion than their lighter-pigmented peers. Patients with albinism require protection against sun exposure and special resources to address visual impairments. When albinism patients are diagnosed and properly accommodated, they generally report a positive quality of life.

Neuropathic Pain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nantthasorn Zinboonyahgoon ◽  
Sherif Al-Hawarey ◽  
Grace Chen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Physical Functions ◽  
Standard Classification ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pain Psychology

Neuropathic pain is a common but complex condition. The pathophysiology and mechanisms are not fully understood. The evaluation should incorporate a detailed history and physical examination with the selective investigations. There is still no standard classification of neuropathic pain; however, it may be classified as central or peripheral or by location and etiology. The common etiologies of neuropathic pain include diabetes mellitus, chemotherapy, alcohol, inflammation, and HIV. Since neuropathic pain is a chronic condition and unlikely to be cured or to disappear, the goal of treatment includes pain control as well as improved physical functions, attenuated psychological distress, and improved quality of life. The team approach by integrating pharmacologic treatment, physical therapy, pain psychology, and complementary medicine would improve the patient’s quality of life and outcome. Key words: classification, diagnosis, etiology, neuropathic pain, treatment

scholarly journals Classification of samples for comparative research

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Elena Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Made In

The article presents the classification of samples for comparative research, the study of which will contribute to the correct choice of a tactical method of obtaining them. The material also contains an analysis of the scientific literature related to the classification and systematization of the category in question; alternative grounds for dividing into groups are proposed. Classifying comparative samples, the author focuses on certain problems that practitioners face. Namely: the possibility of obtaining samples for a comparative research before the initiation of a criminal case, the validity of the use of coercion to obtain them, as well as the possibility of using comparative material obtained in the framework of operational search activities for expert studies. In preparing the article, general scientific methods of empirical knowledge (comparison, description), general logical methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, classification, as well as methods of system-structural analysis were used. The purpose of the study of the problems of obtaining samples is to provide a systematic classification of this category in order to improve the quality of crime investigation. The conclusions made in the article on issues related to obtaining comparative samples at the stage of pre-investigation check and the possibility of using samples obtained during operational search activities are logically presented in the proposed classification.

scholarly journals Analyzing the English translation of the novel ‘Laskar Pelangi’ (The Rainbow Troops)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Burhanuddin Yasin, M.Ed. ◽  
Ika Apriani Fata ◽  
Husyitiara Husyitiara
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Target Language ◽  
The Novel ◽  
English Version ◽  
Loss Of Information ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
Made In

Initial studies show that there are some translations of literary works (from Indonesian to English) where the quality of the translation is questionable due to the loss of information, the addition of information, and the skewing of information. This is the main reason why this research was made. In this research we sought to assess the translation classification and quality of the English version of the novel ‘Laskar Pelangi’ (The Rainbow Troops). The translation classification of Falk et al. (2011)was employed. The translation quality was analyzed using the framework by Nababan et al. (2012). The research employed a documentation technique of descriptive qualitative study. The study found that among 3556 (words, phrases and sentences) data there are 1889 data classified as loss of information, 1527 data categorized as addition of information, and 140 data labeled as skewing of information. The translation quality of this novel was found to be less qualified since its accuracy and acceptability were both low and readability was found to be medium. In order to improve the accuracy, acceptability and readability of a translation, the authors suggest that the translator should have both good translation capabilities as well as cultural understanding of both the source language and target language. 

Dynamics of the processes in metal machining

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Donatas Švitra ◽  
Jolanta Janutėnienė
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Metal Cutting Machine ◽  
Cutting Machine ◽  
Metal Machining

In the practice of processing of metals by cutting it is necessary to overcome the vibration of the cutting tool, the processed detail and units of the machine tool. These vibrations in many cases are an obstacle to increase the productivity and quality of treatment of details on metal-cutting machine tools. Vibration at cutting of metals is a very diverse phenomenon due to both it’s nature and the form of oscillatory motion. The most general classification of vibrations at cutting is a division them into forced vibration and autovibrations. The most difficult to remove and poorly investigated are the autovibrations, i.e. vibrations arising at the absence of external periodic forces. The autovibrations, stipulated by the process of cutting on metalcutting machine are of two types: the low-frequency autovibrations and high-frequency autovibrations. When the low-frequency autovibration there appear, the cutting process ought to be terminated and the cause of the vibrations eliminated. Otherwise, there is a danger of a break of both machine and tool. In the case of high-frequency vibration the machine operates apparently quiently, but the processed surface feature small-sized roughness. The frequency of autovibrations can reach 5000 Hz and more.

ASPECTS IN BUILDING A COMPANY WEB-SITE AND ITS ROLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS

2018 ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Petar Halachev ◽  
Victoria Radeva ◽  
Albena Nikiforova ◽  
Miglena Veneva
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Web Site ◽  
The Internet ◽  
A Company ◽  
The Web ◽  
Design Construction ◽  
Made In ◽  
Site Types

This report is dedicated to the role of the web site as an important tool for presenting business on the Internet. Classification of site types has been made in terms of their application in the business and the types of structures in their construction. The Models of the Life Cycle for designing business websites are analyzed and are outlined their strengths and weaknesses. The stages in the design, construction, commissioning, and maintenance of a business website are distinguished and the activities and requirements of each stage are specified.

Paepalanthus fabianeae (Eriocaulaceae): A New Microendemic Species from a Morphologically Coherent Clade

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 794-801
Author(s):  
Caroline Oliveira Andrino ◽  
Marcelo Fragomeni Simon ◽  
Jair Eustáquio Quintino Faria ◽  
André Luiz da Costa Moreira ◽  
Paulo Takeo Sano
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract—We describe and illustrate Paepalanthus fabianeae, a new species of Eriocaulaceae from the central portion of the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Previous phylogenetic evidence based on analyses of nuclear (ITS and ETS) and plastid (trnL-trnF and psba-trnH) sequences revealed P. fabianeae as belonging to a strongly supported and morphologically coherent clade containing five other species, all of them microendemic, restricted to the Espinhaço range. Due to the infrageneric classification of Paepalanthus being highly artificial, we preferred not assigning P. fabianeae to any infrageneric group. Paepalanthus fabianeae is known from two populations growing in campos rupestres (highland rocky fields) in the meridional Espinhaço Range. The species is characterized by pseudodichotomously branched stems, small, linear, recurved, and reflexed leaves, urceolate capitula, and bifid stigmas. Illustrations, photos, the phylogenetic position, and a detailed description, as well as comments on habitat, morphology, and affinities with similar species are provided. The restricted area of occurrence allied with threats to the quality of the habitat, mainly due to quartzite mining, justifies the preliminary classification of the new species in the Critically Endangered (CR) category using the guidelines and criteria of the IUCN Red List.

MEDIATEXT IS A TOOL THAT DETERMINES THE QUALITY OF INFORMATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
Navruza Yakhyayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Text Linguistics ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Scientific Classification

The quality and content of information in the article media text is based on scientific classification of linguistic features. The study of functional styles of speech, the identification of their linguistic signs, the discovery of the functional properties of linguistic units and their separation on the basis of linguistic facts is one of thetasks that modern linguistics is waiting for a solution. Text Linguistics, which deals with the creation, modeling of its structure and the study of the process of such activity, is of interest to journalists today as a science.

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