scholarly journals Btr1-A Induces Grain Shattering and Affects Spike Morphology and Yield-Related Traits in Wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1342-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Peng Xie ◽  
Panfeng Guan ◽  
Yongfa Wang ◽  
Yinghui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spike Morphology

scholarly journals Identification of the Q Gene Playing a Role in Spike Morphology Variation in Wheat Mutants and Its Regulatory Network

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiazi Zhang ◽  
Hongchun Xiong ◽  
Huijun Guo ◽  
Yuting Li ◽  
Xiaomei Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Spike Morphology ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Dynamic Expression ◽  
Spike Development ◽  
Family Gene ◽  
Q Gene

The wheat AP2 family gene Q controls domestication traits, including spike morphology and threshability, which are critical for the widespread cultivation and yield improvement of wheat. Although many studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms of the Q gene, its direct target genes, especially those controlling spike morphology, are not clear, and its regulatory pathways are not well established. In this study, we conducted gene mapping of a wheat speltoid spike mutant and found that a new allele of the Q gene with protein truncation played a role in spike morphology variation in the mutant. Dynamic expression levels of the Q gene throughout the spike development process suggested that the transcript abundances of the mutant were decreased at the W6 and W7 scales compared to those of the WT. We identified several mutation sites on the Q gene and showed that mutations in different domains resulted in distinct phenotypes. In addition, we found that the Q gene produced three transcripts via alternative splicing and that they exhibited differential expression patterns in nodes, internodes, flag leaves, and spikes. Finally, we identified several target genes directly downstream of Q, including TaGRF1-2D and TaMGD-6B, and proposed a possible regulatory network. This study uncovered the target genes of Q, and the results can help to clarify the mechanism of wheat spike morphology and thereby improve wheat grain yield.

scholarly journals Mapping of QTLs for Vascular Bundle System and Spike Morphology in Rice, Oryza satva L.

1999 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Sasahara ◽  
Yoshimich Fukuta ◽  
Toshinori Fukuyama
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Bundle ◽  
Spike Morphology

Cluster-based spike detection algorithm adapts to interpatient and intrapatient variation in spike morphology

2012 ◽  
Vol 210 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Nonclercq ◽  
Martine Foulon ◽  
Denis Verheulpen ◽  
Cathy De Cock ◽  
Marga Buzatu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Spike Detection ◽  
Spike Morphology

Synthetic and natural hybrids of Psathyrostachys huashanica

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 811-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. -C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Intergeneric Hybrid ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Psathyrostachys Huashanica ◽  
Spike Morphology ◽  
Natural Hybrids ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Synthetic Hybrids ◽  
Meiotic Analyses ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
The Relationship

Three synthetic hybrids and two natural hybrids involving Psathyrostachys huashanica are reported. Gross spike morphology of the hybrids of Pseudoroegneria cognata and Pseudoroegneria spicata ssp. inermis with P. hauashanica was not as indicative of hybridity as in other hybrids involving P. huashanica. Meiotic analyses of these two synthetic hybrids confirmed that little homology exists between the genomes S and Nh. Coenocytism in the hybrids P. huashanica × Secale montanum led to the formation of pseudomicrospores in nondehiscent anthers. No metaphase through telophase chromosome stages could be observed and thus the relationship between genomes Nh and R could not be assessed. Intermediate spike morphology of, and the sterility in, natural hybrids of P. huashanica with P. fragilis and P. juncea substantiated their hybridity. High meiotic pairing in hybrids between P. huashanica and P. fragilis, averaging 1.03 I + 6.48 II, indicated a close relationship between the two species. Occasional high pairing and frequent abnormal meiosis, manifested by degenerating prophase pollen mother cells (PMCs) and empty anthers lacking PMCs of later stages, in the hybrid P. huashanica × P. juncea suggested a more distant relationship between the parental species. It is concluded that P. fragilis is more closely related to P. huashanica than P. juncea. Key words: hybrid (intergeneric), hybrid (interspecific), genome, coenocyte, chromosome diminution, Psathyrostachys, Pseudoroegneria, Secale.

scholarly journals Spike morphology alternations in androgenic progeny of hexaploid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) caused by nullisomy of 2R and 5R chromosomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158
Author(s):  
Michał T. Kwiatek ◽  
Zofia Banaszak ◽  
Roksana Skowrońska ◽  
Danuta Kurasiak-Popowska ◽  
Sylwia Mikołajczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Hexaploid Triticale ◽  
Spike Morphology ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractInduction of androgenesis, followed by chromosome doubling, is a crucial method to obtain complete homozygosity in one-generation route. However, in vitro androgenesis can result in various genetic and epigenetic changes in derived triticale plants. In this study, we evaluated chromosome alternations and we associated them with the changes of spike morphology in androgenic progeny of triticale. We karyotyped offspring plants that derived from double haploid plants using fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques. We distinguished four major groups of karyotypes: double ditelosomics, nullisomics N2R, nullisomics N5R, and triticale plants with a complete set of chromosomes. It is known that more than half of QTLs connected with androgenic response are located in R-genome of triticale but 2R, 5R, and 6R chromosomes are not included. We hypothesized that the reason why only aberrations of chromosomes 2R and 5R appear during androgenesis of triticale is that because these chromosomes are not involved in the stimulation of androgenic response and the following regeneration of plants is not disrupted. Concerning the established groups, we evaluated following quantitative traits: spike length, number of spikes per plant, number of spikelets per spike, and number of grains per spike. The nullisomy of chromosome 2R and 5R resulted in vast changes in spike architecture of triticale plants, which can be correlated with the location of major QTLs for spike morphology traits on these chromosomes. The spikes of nullisomic plants had significantly decreased spike length which correlated with the reduction of number of spikelets per spike and number of grains per spike.

Spike Morphology, Location, and Frequency in Benign Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Berroya ◽  
Andrew F. Bleasel ◽  
Tara L. Stevermuer ◽  
John Lawson ◽  
Ann M. E. Bye
Keyword(s):  
Spike Morphology ◽  
Benign Epilepsy

Spike morphology in blast-wave-driven instability experiments

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 052709 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Kuranz ◽  
R. P. Drake ◽  
M. J. Grosskopf ◽  
B. Fryxell ◽  
A. Budde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Wave ◽  
Spike Morphology

scholarly journals Manipulation and prediction of spike morphology traits for the improvement of grain yield in wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zifeng Guo ◽  
Yusheng Zhao ◽  
Marion S. Röder ◽  
Jochen C. Reif ◽  
Martin W. Ganal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spike Morphology
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