S-nitrosoglutathione Reductase-Mediated nitric oxide affects axillary buds outgrowth of solanum lycopersicum L. by regulating auxin and cytokinin signaling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Yan ◽  
Qinghua Shi ◽  
Biao Gong
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Axillary Buds ◽  
Genetic Approach ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Cytokinin Signaling ◽  
Cytokinin Biosynthesis ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Apical Buds ◽  
No Signaling

Abstract Auxin and cytokinin are two kinds of important phytohormones that mediate outgrowth of axillary buds in plants. How nitric oxide and its regulator of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) taking part in auxin and cytokinin signaling for controlling axillary buds outgrowth remains elusive. We explained roles of GSNOR during tomato axillary buds outgrowth by physiological, biochemical and genetic approach. GSNOR negatively regulated NO homeostasis. Suppression of GSNOR promoted axillary buds outgrowth via inhibiting the expression of FZY in both apical and axillary buds. Meanwhile, AUX1 and PIN1 were down-regulated in apical buds but up-regulated in axillary buds in GSNOR-suppressed plants. Thus, reduced IAA accumulation was shown in both apical buds and axillary buds of GSNOR-suppressed plants. GSNOR-mediated changes of NO and auxin affected cytokinin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling. And a decreased ratio of auxin: cytokinin was shown in axillary buds of GSNOR-suppressed plants, leading to buds dormancy breaking. We also found that the original NO signaling was generated by nitrate reductase (NR) catalyzing nitrate as substrate. NR-mediated NO reduced the GSNOR activity through S-nitrosylation of Cys-10, then induced a further NO burst, which played the above roles to promote axillary buds outgrowth. Together, GSNOR-mediated NO played important roles in controlling axillary buds outgrowth via altering the homeostasis and signaling of auxin and cytokinin in tomato plants.

Interaction of Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Transformed by rapA1 Gene with Pseudomonas sp. 102 Bacteria Resistant to High Cadmium Concentrations as a Basis for Effective Symbiotic Phytoremediation System

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
L.R. Khakimova ◽  
A.M. Lavina ◽  
L.R. Karimova ◽  
V.V. Fedyaev ◽  
An.Kh. Baymiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Government

A Pseudomonas sp. 102 strain, which is highly resistant to toxic effects of cadmium and has plant growth-promoting activity, can significantly increase growth parameters and biomass of tomato plants, including those observed under toxic effects of cadmium. The greatest positive effect was observed in plants transformed with the bacterial adhesin gene rapA1, the product of which is important for colonization of plant roots by bacteria. It was also shown that shoots of transgenic tomato plants accumulated the greatest amount of cadmium during inoculation with Pseudomonas sp. 102. The ability to extract high concentrations of cadmium and accumulate a large biomass under stress opens up prospects for the further use of associative interactions between tomato and Pseudomonas for phytoremediation. phytoremediation, cadmium, tomato, Pseudomonas, inoculation, agglutinins, This study was carried out using the equipment of the Biomika Centre for Collective Use of the Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics (Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences) as part of the government task (project no. AAAA-A16-1160203500284). This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project nos. 18-34-20004 and 18-34-00033) and 18-344-0033 mol_a_ved and 34-00033 mol_a).

Hypothermia-induced cardioprotection using extended ischemia and early reperfusion cooling

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (4) ◽  
pp. H1995-H2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuo-Hui Shao ◽  
Wei-Tien Chang ◽  
Kim Chai Chan ◽  
Kim R. Wojcik ◽  
Chin-Wang Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
No Production ◽  
Early Reperfusion ◽  
No Signaling ◽  
Nos Inhibitor ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Pkc Activation

Optimal timing of therapeutic hypothermia for cardiac ischemia is unknown. Our prior work suggests that ischemia with rapid reperfusion (I/R) in cardiomyocytes can be more damaging than prolonged ischemia alone. Also, these cardiomyocytes demonstrate protein kinase C (PKC) activation and nitric oxide (NO) signaling that confer protection against I/R injury. Thus we hypothesized that hypothermia will protect most using extended ischemia and early reperfusion cooling and is mediated via PKC and NO synthase (NOS). Chick cardiomyocytes were exposed to an established model of 1-h ischemia/3-h reperfusion, and the same field of initially contracting cells was monitored for viability and NO generation. Normothermic I/R resulted in 49.7 ± 3.4% cell death. Hypothermia induction to 25°C was most protective (14.3 ± 0.6% death, P < 0.001 vs. I/R control) when instituted during extended ischemia and early reperfusion, compared with induction after reperfusion (22.4 ± 2.9% death). Protection was completely lost if onset of cooling was delayed by 15 min of reperfusion (45.0 ± 8.2% death). Extended ischemia/early reperfusion cooling was associated with increased and sustained NO generation at reperfusion and decreased caspase-3 activation. The NOS inhibitor Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (200 μM) reversed these changes and abrogated hypothermia protection. In addition, the PKCε inhibitor myr-PKCε v1-2 (5 μM) also reversed NO production and hypothermia protection. In conclusion, therapeutic hypothermia initiated during extended ischemia/early reperfusion optimally protects cardiomyocytes from I/R injury. Such protection appears to be mediated by increased NO generation via activation of protein kinase Cε; nitric oxide synthase.

scholarly journals Induction and stability of human Th17 cells require endogenous NOS2 and cGMP-dependent NO signaling

2013 ◽  
Vol 210 (7) ◽  
pp. 1433-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataša Obermajer ◽  
Jeffrey L. Wong ◽  
Robert P. Edwards ◽  
Kong Chen ◽  
Melanie Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
No Production ◽  
No Signaling

Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous mediator of inflammation and immunity, involved in the pathogenesis and control of infectious diseases, autoimmunity, and cancer. We observed that the expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2/iNOS) positively correlates with Th17 responses in patients with ovarian cancer (OvCa). Although high concentrations of exogenous NO indiscriminately suppress the proliferation and differentiation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, the physiological NO concentrations produced by patients’ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) support the development of RORγt(Rorc)+IL-23R+IL-17+ Th17 cells. Moreover, the development of Th17 cells from naive-, memory-, or tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells, driven by IL-1β/IL-6/IL-23/NO-producing MDSCs or by recombinant cytokines (IL-1β/IL-6/IL-23), is associated with the induction of endogenous NOS2 and NO production, and critically depends on NOS2 activity and the canonical cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)–cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK) pathway of NO signaling within CD4+ T cells. Inhibition of NOS2 or cGMP–cGK signaling abolishes the de novo induction of Th17 cells and selectively suppresses IL-17 production by established Th17 cells isolated from OvCa patients. Our data indicate that, apart from its previously recognized role as an effector mediator of Th17-associated inflammation, NO is also critically required for the induction and stability of human Th17 responses, providing new targets to manipulate Th17 responses in cancer, autoimmunity, and inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Enhanced Nitric Oxide Synthase‐Nitric Oxide (NOS‐NO) signaling underlies sildenafil amelioration of cyclosporine‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed El-Moselhy ◽  
Mohamed Ali Morsy ◽  
Rania Galal Abdel-latif ◽  
Mohamed Montaser Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
No Signaling ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Chitosan-PVA and Copper Nanoparticles Improve Growth and Overexpress the SOD and JA Genes in Tomato Plants under Salt Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hipólito Hernández-Hernández ◽  
Antonio Juárez-Maldonado ◽  
Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza ◽  
Hortensia Ortega-Ortiz ◽  
Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Ionic Stress ◽  
Cellular Detoxification

Saline stress severely affects the growth and productivity of plants. The activation of hormonal signaling cascades and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to salt stress are important for cellular detoxification. Jasmonic acid (JA) and the enzyme SOD (superoxide dismutase), are well recognized markers of salt stress in plants. In this study, the application of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels (Cs-PVA) and copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) on the growth and expression of defense genes in tomato plants under salt stress was evaluated. Our results demonstrate that Cs-PVA and Cs-PVA + Cu NPs enhance plant growth and also promote the expression of JA and SOD genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), under salt stress. We propose that Cs-PVA and Cs-PVA + Cu NPs mitigate saline stress through the regulation of oxidative and ionic stress.

scholarly journals Application of Trichoderma harzianum, 6-Pentyl-α-pyrone and Plant Biopolymer Formulations Modulate Plant Metabolism and Fruit Quality of Plum Tomatoes

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petronia Carillo ◽  
Sheridan L. Woo ◽  
Ernesto Comite ◽  
Christophe El-Nakhel ◽  
Youssef Rouphael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Plant Metabolism ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Functional Quality ◽  
Stimulate Plant Growth

Many Trichoderma are successfully used to improve agriculture productivity due to their capacity for biocontrol and to stimulate plant growth and tolerance to abiotic stress. This research elucidates the effect of applications with Trichoderma harzianum strain T22 (T22), or biopolymer (BP) alone or in combination (BP + T22 or BP + 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6PP); a Trichoderma secondary metabolite) on the crop performance, nutritional and functional quality of greenhouse tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cultivar Pixel). T22 elicited significant increases in total yield (+40.1%) compared to untreated tomato. The content of lycopene, an important antioxidant compound in tomatoes, significantly increased upon treatment with T22 (+ 49%), BP + T22 (+ 40%) and BP + 6PP (+ 52%) compared to the control. T22 treatments significantly increased the content of asparagine (+37%), GABA (+87%) and MEA (+102%) over the control; whereas BP alone strongly increased GABA (+105%) and MEA (+85%). The synthesis of these compounds implies that tomato plants are able to reuse the photorespiratory amino acids and ammonium for producing useful metabolites and reduce the pressure of photorespiration on plant metabolism, thus optimizing photosynthesis and growth. Finally, these metabolites exert many beneficial effects for human health, thus enhancing the premium quality of plum tomatoes.

scholarly journals Comparative Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Under Salt Stress and Recovery: Role of Antioxidant Defense and Glyoxalase Systems

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin ◽  
Hasanuzzaman ◽  
Bhuyan ◽  
Nahar ◽  
Mohsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Post Stress

Salinity toxicity and the post-stress restorative process were examined to identify the salt tolerance mechanism in tomato, with a focus on the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. Hydroponically grown 15 day-old tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Pusa Ruby) were treated with 150 and 250 mM NaCl for 4 days and subsequently grown in nutrient solution for a further 2 days to observe the post-stress responses. Under saline conditions, plants showed osmotic stress responses that included low leaf relative water content and high proline content. Salinity induced oxidative stress by the over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (H2O2 and O2•−) and methylglyoxal. Salinity also impaired the non-enzymatic and enzymatic components of the antioxidant defense system. On the other hand, excessive Na+ uptake induced ionic stress which resulted in a lower content of other minerals (K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+), and a reduction in photosynthetic pigment synthesis and plant growth. After 2 days in the normal nutrient solution, the plants showed improvements in antioxidant and glyoxalase system activities, followed by improvements in plant growth, water balance, and chlorophyll synthesis. The antioxidant and glyoxalase systems worked in concert to scavenge toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby reducing lipid peroxidation and membrane damage. Taken together, these findings indicate that tomato plants can tolerate salinity and show rapid post-stress recovery by enhancement of their antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems.

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