scholarly journals Rethinking the economics of rural water in Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Hope ◽  
Patrick Thomson ◽  
Johanna Koehler ◽  
Tim Foster
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Performance Based Funding ◽  
Rural Services ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Rural Africa

Abstract Rural Africa lags behind global progress to provide safe drinking water to everyone. Decades of effort and billions of dollars of investment have yielded modest gains, with high but avoidable health and economic costs borne by over 300m people lacking basic water access. We explore why rural water is different for communities, schools, and healthcare facilities across characteristics of scale, institutions, demand, and finance. The findings conclude with policy recommendations to (i) network rural services at scale, (ii) unlock rural payments by creating value, and (iii) design and test performance-based funding models at national and regional scales, with an ambition to eliminate the need for future, sustainable development goals.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic: An Inhibitor of Universal Health Coverage Programme: A ViewPoint

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Helen Idubamo Wankasi
Keyword(s):  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Frontline Healthcare Workers ◽  
Universal Health

Ever since the re-emergence of Covid-19 as a pandemic, healthcare facilities (human and materials) have been overstressed, evidenced by the rate at which frontline healthcare workers fall sick and die in the course. In some healthcare institutions, the narrative has changed with regards to the number of days to access physicians for treatment, but selected and booked only on specific days and periods, except in extreme emergencies are able to access physicians un-booked. This is inconsistent with the intent of Universal Health Coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals. This paper, therefore, highlighted the objectives, covering a brief overview of COVID-19 and Universal Health Coverage; identified countries developed (Germany 1883) and emerging (South Africa/Nigeria) that have adopted Universal Health Coverage as well described how COVID-19 stands as an inhibitor to the achievement of Universal Health Coverage. At the tail end, recommendations are made on the way forward on the need for effective governance, manpower sourcing and general strengthening of the healthcare system.

scholarly journals Egypt Within the Sustainable Development Goals One and Two of the United Nations: Overview and Recommendations Thereof

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Noura Abdel Maksoud Eissa
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Community Capacity Building ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Zero Hunger

The objective of this article is to (1) posit indicators to measure the performance of Egypt in achieving United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals one, to end poverty in all its forms and two, zero hunger, and (2) develop policy recommendations with regards to reducing poverty. Research methods include a systematic macro-process, general to narrow analysis, offering indicators and policy recommendations for governments to follow in achieving the sustainable development goals on poverty. The article is significant since it links between macroeconomics of poverty, an analysis of the quality and quantity of research conducted on the topic, the poor economics individual perspective, examples of pre and post-covid sustainable development goals one and two actual performance. Conclusions convey that poverty alleviation requires a combined public, private, and institutional collaboration to enhance the poor community capacity building, domestic resource mobilization techniques, efficient resource allocation and an awareness of the importance of implementing the sustainable development goals. 

Multisectoral approaches for the control of vector-borne diseases, with particular emphasis on dengue and housing

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 823-828
Author(s):  
Olaf Horstick ◽  
Silvia Runge-Ranzinger
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Vector Borne

Abstract The Sustainable Development Goals suggest an intersectoral approach for development and health, including for vector-borne diseases. Evidence-based policy recommendations exist for malaria and housing, but not for other, more underfunded, vector-borne diseases. This review aims to stimulate the process for developing policy recommendations for other vector-borne diseases and housing with the process as it was developed for dengue and Aedes control as an example and with suggestions for steps necessary for other vector-borne diseases. For dengue, some basic research on the efficacy of vector control in relation to housing exists, summary evidence highlights the lack of evidence and efficacy and policy recommendations remain difficult. For other vector-borne diseases, few studies have focused on protecting the house, combinations of effective interventions (e.g. intradomiciliary residual spraying, insecticide-treated materials and treatment of larval habitats with biological and chemical methods, which have proven to be effective) have not been studied and summary evidence is non-existent. In order to recommend vector control to protect the house against vector-borne diseases, basic research and summary evidence are needed, with an appropriate combination of the most efficacious interventions and linked to improvement of housing itself. Standards for such studies need to be developed.

scholarly journals Gender differences in research focused on the Sustainable Development Goal of Gender Equality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Shang ◽  
Gunnar Sivertsen ◽  
Zhe Cao ◽  
Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Holding Back ◽  
Low Activity

In 2016, the United Nations officially launched the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to address urgent global challenges over the next 15 years. Among the seventeen SDGs, Gender Equality (SDG5) is recognized as important for the achievement of the other sixteen goals because gender inequality exists across education, employment opportunities, healthcare facilities, life expectancy, family life, and political participation, thereby holding back the capacity of half of the world’s population to contribute to solutions to the global challenges. This bibliometric study explores gender balance and differences within SDG5 oriented research during the first five years after the implementation of SDG5 in 2016. Unlike most research oriented at other SDGs, this field of research has low activity and a dominance of female researchers. Within the field, male and female researchers focus on partly different topics. Publications by male researchers tend to be more cited while potential readers show more interest in publications by female researchers. This investigation highlights the importance of increasing gender diversity in SDG5-related studies, which is helpful for the achievement of sustainable development.

scholarly journals Education for Sustainable Development: A Critical Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Abeer Mohamed Ali Abd Elkhalek
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Efficient Mechanisms ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Education has a key role in attaining sustainable development goals for both of developing and developed countries. Considering “the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development” approved by United Nations, the gap between the real and the intended contribution of education to sustainable development must be assessed. The main aim of the current study is to evaluate the contribution of education to sustainable development and explore efficient mechanisms to maximize that contribution regarding the main pillars of sustainable development. This paper goes beyond a study concentrating exclusively on the role of education in achieving sustainable development goals as it also examines the relation between education and each dimension of sustainable development to conclude related policy recommendations which are exposed to be useful in that regard.

scholarly journals Governance for Sustainability of Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Schemes (RWSS): Case from NAPA WASH

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Keshab Prasad Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Priority Ranking ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
The Status ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Rural Context ◽  
Operation And Management

Water and sanitation are taken at the heart of achieving a number of goals and critical targets of sustainable development goals. But achieving sustained water and sanitation service in a rural context is problematic from the viewpoint of technical, financial, environmental, and social, and governance aspects of functionality. Therefore, good governance in the operation and management of rural water and sanitation schemes are a key component to determine the other aspects of functioning and longer-term sustainability. The study sees the working of five indicators of functionality, five layers of priority ranking indicators, four service indicators of quantity, accessibility, reliability, and quality (QARQ), and ten indicators of assessing governance level sustainability. In all aspects of assessment, most RWSS found to stand at the level of partial sustainability. This urged for giving higher priority to upgrading such schemes in the status of full sustainability.

scholarly journals The Elephant in the Room: Informality in Tanzania’s Rural Waterscape

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Katomero ◽  
Yola Georgiadou
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Development Goals

Informality is pervasive in Tanzania’s rural waterscape, but not acknowledged by development partners (donors and beneficiaries), despite persistent warnings by development scholars. Informality is thus the proverbial elephant in the room. In this paper, we examine a case of superior rural water access in two geographical locales—Hai and Siha districts—in Tanzania, where actors not only acknowledge, but actively harness informality to provide access to water to rural populations. We employ concepts from organization and institutional theory to show that when informal programs and related informal sanctions/rewards complement their formal counterparts, chances for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) target 6.1 ‘By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all’ are significantly increased.

scholarly journals Gender-Inclusive Governance for E-Commerce

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-629
Author(s):  
Amalie Giødesen Thystrup
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Inclusive Governance

Abstract Gender equality is front and centre in the United Nations’ 2030 Sustainable Development Goals’ SDG 5. We are yet to understand how electronic commerce can incorporate gender equality considering this aspiration. The article offers a way. It presents a framework for understanding the multiplicity of gender gaps in e-commerce and provides an analysis of key regulatory and policy challenges women face in e-commerce. The article examines the legal-political implications of different approaches to incorporating gender into trade policy and then advances a multi-level approach to incorporating gender-inclusive e-commerce regulation into trade policy. On this basis, the article formulates policy recommendations for how to incorporate gender-inclusive e-commerce regulation into trade policy that works for development.

Rethinking the economics of water: an assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin E Garrick ◽  
Michael Hanemann ◽  
Cameron Hepburn
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Distributional Conflicts ◽  
Financing Infrastructure

Abstract Water is rising on the policy agenda as population growth and climate change intensify scarcity, shocks, and access inequalities. The conventional economic policy recommendations—privatization, pricing, and property rights—have struggled due to a failure to account adequately for the politics of water and the associated distributional conflicts. We identify distinctive social and physical characteristics of water supply and demand, and explore their implications for three central areas of water policy: financing infrastructure, pricing, and property rights reform. Growing dependence on groundwater and non-networked water supplies exacerbates these challenges and reinforces the need to rethink the economics of water and tackle the political challenges head on. Meeting the water sustainable development goals would require institutional and technological innovations to supply, allocate, and manage water, as well as a sustained political and financial commitment to address those who might be left behind.

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