To Mrs Frances Trollope, [30 January 1839]*

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Dickens
Keyword(s):  
Frances Trollope

“Fraud, Fun, and Feeling”: Slavery, Industrialism, and the Mother-Machine in Frances Trollope's Fiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-550
Author(s):  
Lucy Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Victorian England ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Experience Of Care ◽  
Frances Trollope ◽  
Violent Relationship ◽  
Industrial Novels

For Frances Trollope, the nineteenth century was defined by what she perceives to be a pervasive mechanization of emotional life, a phenomenon similar to what Tamara Ketabgian has recently described as the “industrialization of affect” in this period. At the center of this phenomenon, for Trollope, is the disquieting specter of the mother-machine, a figure in whom the processes of mechanical production and maternal reproduction collide. The figure originates, in Trollope's fiction, in the character Juno, an enslaved woman whose alienation from her children under slavery serves as a major plot point in her groundbreaking 1836 antislavery novel The Life and Adventures of Jonathan Jefferson Whitlaw; or Scenes on the Mississippi. That figure is then reworked in the violent relationship between children and machines Trollope would go on to depict in her 1839–40 novel, The Life and Adventures of Michael Armstrong, the Factory Boy, one of the first industrial novels published in Victorian England. In these early fictions, Trollope documents what she perceives to be the mechanization of the maternal body under, alternately, slavery and industrialism, and its consequences for both the work and experience of care under nineteenth-century capitalism in its varied forms.

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