scholarly journals Comparison of Intraoperative 3-Dimensional Fluoroscopy With Standard Computed Tomography for Stereotactic Frame Registration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrance Peng ◽  
Daniel R Kramer ◽  
Morgan B Lee ◽  
Michael F Barbaro ◽  
Li Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Lead Placement ◽  
Stereotactic Frame ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Marginal Means ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract BACKGROUND Three-dimensional fluoroscopy via the O-arm (Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) has been validated for intraoperative confirmation of successful lead placement in stereotactic electrode implantation. However, its role in registration and targeting has not yet been studied. After frame placement, many stereotactic neurosurgeons obtain a computed tomography (CT) scan and merge it with a preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan to generate planning coordinates; potential disadvantages of this practice include increased procedure time and limited scanner availability. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the second-generation O-arm (O2) can be used in lieu of a traditional CT scan to obtain accurate frame-registration scans. METHODS In 7 patients, a postframe placement CT scan was merged with preoperative MRI and used to generate lead implantation coordinates. After implantation, the fiducial box was again placed on the patient to obtain an O2 confirmation scan. Vector, scalar, and Euclidean differences between analogous X, Y, and Z coordinates from fused O2/MRI and CT/MRI scans were calculated for 33 electrode target coordinates across 7 patients. RESULTS Marginal means of difference for vector (X = −0.079 ± 0.099 mm; Y = −0.076 ± 0.134 mm; Z = −0.267 ± 0.318 mm), scalar (X = −0.146 ± 0.160 mm; Y = −0.306 ± 0.106 mm; Z = 0.339 ± 0.407 mm), and Euclidean differences (0.886 ± 0.190 mm) remained within the predefined equivalence margin differences of −2 mm and 2 mm. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that O2 may emerge as a viable alternative to the traditional CT scanner for generating planning coordinates. Adopting the O2 as a perioperative tool may offer reduced transport risks, decreased anesthesia time, and greater surgical efficiency.

Micro-Computed Tomography-Based Three-Dimensional Anatomical Structure of the Region Around the Pterygoid Hamulus

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110363
Author(s):  
Jiuli Zhao ◽  
Hengyuan Ma ◽  
Yongqian Wang ◽  
Tao Song ◽  
Chanyuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Middle Ear Ventilation ◽  
Optimal Approach ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function

Objective Palatoplasty would involve the structures around the pterygoid hamulus. However, clinicians hold different opinions on the optimal approach for the muscles and palatine aponeurosis around the pterygoid hamulus. The absence of a consensus regarding this point can be attributed to the lack of investigations on the exact anatomy of this region. Therefore, we used micro-computed tomography to examine the anatomical structure of the region surrounding the pterygoid hamulus. Design Cadaveric specimens were stained with iodine–potassium iodide and scanned by micro-computed tomography to study the structures of the tissues, particularly the muscle fibers. We imported Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine images to Mimics to reconstruct a 3-dimensional model and simplified the model. Results Three muscles were present around the pterygoid hamulus, namely the palatopharyngeus (PP), superior constrictor (SC), and tensor veli palatini (TVP). The hamulus connects these muscles as a key pivot. The TVP extended to the palatine aponeurosis, which bypassed the pterygoid hamulus, and linked the PP and SC. Some muscle fibers of the SC originated from the hamulus, the aponeurosis of which was wrapped around the hamulus. There was a distinct gap between the pterygoid hamulus and the palatine aponeurosis. This formed a pulley-like structure around the pterygoid hamulus. Conclusions Transection or fracture of the palatine aponeurosis or pterygoid hamulus, respectively, may have detrimental effects on the muscles around the pterygoid hamulus, which play essential roles in the velopharyngeal function and middle ear ventilation. Currently, cleft palate repair has limited treatment options with proven successful outcomes.

The site of waist measurement impacts the estimation of visceral fat: Results from three-dimensional photonic body scanning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Katja D Repp ◽  
Dörte Radke ◽  
Till Ittermann ◽  
Martin Albers ◽  
Marcello R P Markus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Body Scanning ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Currently various protocols regarding the site of waist circumference (WC) measurement are in place. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the site of WC measurement on visceral fat (VAT) estimation. WC was obtained at seven anatomical sites in 211 German volunteers (103 males) aged 23-81 using 3-dimensional photonic body scanning (PBS). At one site WC was additionally measured by tape. The quantity of VAT was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Models to estimate VAT based on WC were developed; the precision of the estimation is represented by R2. The influence of the applied method of WC assessment (tape vs. PBS) on the estimations is reported. Results show that the amount of estimated VAT and the precision of VAT estimation were dependent on the site of measurement. VAT was estimated most precisely by WC taken at the level of the lowest rib (WCrib: R²=0.75 females; 0.79 males), the minimum circumference (WCmin: R²=0.75 females; 0.77 males) and at the narrowest part of the torso (WCnar: R²=0.76 females; 0.77 males), and least precisely by WC assessed at the top of iliac crest (WCiliac: R²=0.61 females; 0.60 males). VAT estimates based on WC obtained by PBS were smaller and estimations were slightly less precise compared to estimates based on tape measures. Our results indicate that the method and the site of waist measurement should be considered when estimating VAT based on WC. The implementation of a standardized protocol using either WCrib, WCmin or WCnar could improve the precision of VAT estimation.

scholarly journals Interpretasi Hasil Pemeriksaan MRI Kardiak pada Penyakit Jantung Koroner

2013 ◽  
pp. 60-5
Author(s):  
Sony Hilal Wicaksono ◽  
Fachmi Ahmad Muslim ◽  
Vienna Rossimarina
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Spect Mpi ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Tomography Scan

Seorang pasien dapat didiagnosis penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) melalui empat cara: kematian jantung mendadak, sindrom koroner akut, angina pektoris stabil paska revaskularisasi, dan hasil diagnostik noninvasif (Computed Tomography scan/CT scan koroner, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging/SPECT MPI nuklir atau Magnetic Resonance Imaging/MRI)1. Pemeriksaan noninvasif memegang peranan penting, yaitu sebagai satu-satunya cara mendiagnosis PJK asimtomatik. Oleh sebab itu, pemahaman mengenai interpretasi hasil pemeriksaan noninvasif seperti CT scan koroner, SPECT MPI nuklir atau MRI kardiak dimasukkan dalam kompetensi dasar program pendidikan spesialis jantung dan pembuluh darah menurut Kolegium PERKI.

scholarly journals Time-Enhancement Curve of Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography Predicts Aneurysm Enlargement with Type-II Endoleak after Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

Aorta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 029-034
Author(s):  
Yunosuke Nishihara ◽  
Kota Mitsui ◽  
Shinya Azama ◽  
Daisuke Okamoto ◽  
Manabu Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Stable Group ◽  
Ct Number ◽  
4D Ct ◽  
Aneurysm Repair

Abstract Objective We investigated the hemodynamic features of Type-II endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) using four-dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) to identify patients with aneurysm enlargement. Methods During a 13-month period (January 2017–January 2018) at our institution, we performed 4D-CT examinations in 13 patients after EVAR because of suspected Type-II endoleaks. Three patients were excluded from the study because of other endoleaks or absence of detectable endoleaks. The ramaining 10 patients were divided into two groups: enlargement group (n = 4), in which the aneurysm volume increased, and stable group (n = 6), in which the aneurysm remained stable or shrank. A CT scanner and three-dimensional workstation were used. All images were obtained using a consistent protocol (22 phase scans using the test bolus tracking method). We analyzed the hemodynamics of the endoleak cavity (EC) relative to those of the aorta and evaluated the time-enhancement curves (TECs) using measurement protocols. The strengths of correlations between these factors in the two groups were analyzed statistically. Results TECs in the enlargement group showed a more gradual curve, and the upslope, the gradient of TEC in the ascending phase and the upslope index were significantly more gradual than those in the stable group (p = 0.0247, 0.0243). The EC washout and the EC washout index were also more gradual than in the stable group's (p = 0.019, 0.019). The enhancement duration was longer in the former than in the latter (80%, p = 0.0195; 70%, p = 0.0159; 60%, p = 0.0159). The CT number in the equilibrium phase was larger in the enlargement group than in the stable group (p = 0.019). Conclusion The 4D-CT is useful for predicting aneurysm enlargement with Type-II endoleaks after EVAR.

scholarly journals Differences in the Tensor Veli Palatini Muscle and Hearing Status in Children With and Without 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-309
Author(s):  
Jamie L. Perry ◽  
Katelyn J. Kotlarek ◽  
Kelly Spoloric ◽  
Adriane Baylis ◽  
Lakshmi Kollara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Deletion Syndrome ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
High Image Resolution ◽  
Tensor Veli Palatini Muscle ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Purpose: To investigate the dimensions of the tensor veli palatini (TVP) muscle using high image resolution 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the soft palate among children with normal velopharyngeal and craniofacial anatomy and to compare values to individuals with a diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS). We also sought to determine whether there is a relationship between hypoplasia of the TVP and severity of middle ear dysfunction and hearing loss. Methods: Three-dimensional MRI were used to collect and analyze data obtained across 53 children between 4 and 12 years of age, including 40 children with normal velopharyngeal and craniofacial anatomy and 13 children with a diagnosis of 22q11.2 DS. Tensor veli palatini muscle length, thickness, and volume as well as bihamular distance were compared among participant groups. Results: A Welch’s t-test revealed that the TVP in participants with 22q11DS is significantly shorter ( P = .005, 17.3 vs 19.0 mm), thinner ( P < .001, 1.1 vs 1.8 mm), and less voluminous ( P < .001, 457.5 vs 667.3 mm3) than participants without 22q11DS. Participants with 22q11DS also had a greater ( P = .006, 27.7 vs 24.7 mm) bihamular distance than participants without 22q11DS. There was an inverse relationship between TVP abnormalities noted above and the severity of audiologic and otologic histories. Conclusion: The TVP muscle is substantially reduced in volume, length, and thickness in children with 22q11DS. These findings serve as preliminary support for the association of patient hearing and otologic severity and TVP dysmorphology.

Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cervical Metastasis

1989 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Lydiatt ◽  
Rodney S. Markin ◽  
Susan M. Williams ◽  
Leon F. Davis ◽  
Anthony J. Yonkers
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Radical Neck Dissection ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Thirteen patients with head and neck cancer underwent staging by clinical examination, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a standardized blinded fashion. All patients subsequently underwent radical neck dissection with subsequent pathologic staging. CT and MRI each predicted 93% of staging results correctly, with clinical examination correct 67% of the time. Staging of primary tumors had an accuracy of 90% by clinical examination, 40% by CT, and 50% by MRI when compared to staging of the pathologic specimen. Understaging was seen in 50% of CT scans and 30% of MRI scans. We believe either CT or MRI should be considered for routine staging of the neck in all head and neck malignancies.

scholarly journals Reproducibility of three-dimensional landmarking and Frankfort horizontal plane construction: a comparison of conventional and novel landmarks in presurgical computed tomography scans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gauthier Dot ◽  
Frederic Rafflenbeul ◽  
Adeline Kerbrat ◽  
Philippe Rouch ◽  
Laurent Gajny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Frankfort Horizontal Plane ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements ◽  
Iso 5725 ◽  
Overall Reliability ◽  
3D Landmarks

Objectives To assess manual landmarking repeatability and reproducibility (R&R) of a set of three-dimensional (3D) landmarks and to evaluate R&R of vertical cephalometric measurements using two Frankfort Horizontal (FH) planes as references for horizontal 3D imaging reorientation. Methods Thirty-three landmarks, divided into "conventional", "foraminal" and "dental", were manually located twice by 3 experienced operators on 20 computed tomography (CT) scans of orthognathic surgery patients. R&R of the landmark localization were computed according to the ISO 5725 standard. These landmarks were then used to construct 2 FH planes: a conventional FH plane (orbitale left, porion right and left) and a newly proposed FH plane (midinternal acoustic foramen, orbitale right and left). R&R of vertical cephalometric measurements were computed using these 2 FH planes as horizontal references for CT reorientation. Results Landmarks showing a 95% confidence interval (CI) of repeatability and/or reproducibility > 2mm were found exclusively in the "conventional" landmarks group. Vertical measurements showed excellent R&R (95% CI < 1mm) with either FH plane as horizontal reference. However, the 2 FH planes were not found to be parallel (absolute angular difference of 2.41°, SD 1.27°). The average time needed to landmark one CT scan was 14 ± 3 minutes. Conclusions The "dental" and "foraminal" landmarks tended to be more reliable than the "conventional" landmarks. Despite the poor overall reliability of the landmarks orbitale and porion, the construction of the conventional FH plane using 3 landmarks provided a reliable horizontal reference for 3D craniofacial CT scan reorientation.

scholarly journals Assessment of Masseter Muscle Thickness in OSMF Patients - A Computed Tomography Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (52) ◽  
pp. 3176-3179
Author(s):  
Choubarga Naik ◽  
Bimal Krishna Panda ◽  
Anisha Avijeeta ◽  
Barnanshu Pattnaik ◽  
Subha Soumya Dany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Medical College

BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is the most common precancerous lesion, prevalent mostly in South East Asia. The habit of betel nut or gutkha chewing is the main cause for this. There is a direct association between gutkha chewing habit and development of OSMF, the reason being exaggerated forces on the masseter muscle due to vigorous chewing for prolonged period of time. So, the present study was done to evaluate the thickness of masseter muscle in OSMF patients. METHODS A total of 25 subjects were included in the study from January 2015 to December 2017. 25 OSMF patients belonging to the age group of 25-50 years who attended the outpatient department of Veer Surendra Sai Medical College and Hospital, Burla, with masseteric hypertrophy and betelnut or gutkha chewing habit for more than 5 years, were included in the study. The computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained using Siemens Somatom Sensation 4-slice CT scanner. During the scanning period, the patients were asked to keep their mouth gently closed and relaxed. Axial sections of the CT scans were assessed for masseter muscles. The thickness of the muscle was calculated using image-analysing software and the measurements made were in millimeter (mm). Tabulation was done and statistical analysis was done using Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS The thickness of masseter muscle of right side was found to be more than the left side in all patients except for one patient and the outcome was statistically significant with one tailed p value < 0.01. CONCLUSIONS The duration and frequency of the habit were found to be directly proportional to masseter muscle thickness and also with the clinical progression of the disease. Similarly, we also concluded from our study that there exists an association of masseter muscle hypertrophy with OSMF, and CT scan meas KEYWORDS OSMF, Masseter Muscle, CT Scan

scholarly journals Craniosynostosis: prenatal diagnosis by 2D/3D ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography.

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Micheletti Helfer ◽  
Alberto Borges Peixoto ◽  
Gabriele Tonni ◽  
Edward Araujo Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Ultrasound ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Craniosynostosis is defined as the process of premature fusion of one or more of the cranial sutures.  It is a common condition that occurs in about 1 to 2,000 live births. Craniosynostosis may be classified in primary or secondary. It is also classified as nonsyndromic or syndromic. According to suture commitment, craniosynostosis may affect a single suture or multiple sutures. There is a wide range of syndromes involving craniosynostosis and the most common are Apert, Pffeifer, Crouzon, Shaethre-Chotzen and Muenke syndromes. The underlying etiology of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis is unknown. Mutations in the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling pathway play a crucial role in the etiology of craniosynostosis syndromes. Prenatal ultrasound`s detection rate of craniosynostosis is low. Nowadays, different methods can be applied for prenatal diagnosis of craniosynostosis, such as two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scan and, finally, molecular diagnosis. The presence of craniosynostosis may affect the birthing process. Fetuses with craniosynostosis also have higher rates of perinatal complications. In order to avoid the risks of untreated craniosynostosis, children are usually treated surgically soon after postnatal diagnosis.

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