scholarly journals Commentary: Surgical Treatment of Flat Back Syndrome With Anterior Hyperlordotic Cages

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua T Wewel ◽  
Juan S Uribe
Keyword(s):  
2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Wiggins ◽  
Stephen L. Ondra ◽  
Christopher I. Shaffrey

Iatrogenic loss of lordosis is now frequently recognized as a complication following placement of thoracolumbar instrumentation, especially with distraction instrumentation. Flat-back syndrome is characterized by forward inclination of the trunk, inability to stand upright, and back pain. Evaluation of the deformity should include a full-length lateral radiograph obtained with the patient's knees and hips fully extended. The most common cause of the deformity includes the use of distraction instrumentation in the lumbar spine and pseudarthrosis. Surgical treatment described in the literature includes opening (Smith-Petersen) osteotomy, polysegmental osteotomy, and closing wedge osteotomy. The authors will review the literature, cause, clinical presentation, prevention, and surgical management of flat-back syndrome.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Burhan Janjua ◽  
Ali K Ozturk ◽  
Nissim Ackshota ◽  
Brendan J McShane ◽  
Comron Saifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
M.D. Graham

The recent development of the scanning electron microscope has added great impetus to the study of ultrastructural details of normal human ossicles. A thorough description of the ultrastructure of the human ossicles is required in order to determine changes associated with disease processes following medical or surgical treatment.Human stapes crura were obtained at the time of surgery for clinical otosclerosis and from human cadaver material. The specimens to be examined by the scanning electron microscope were fixed immediately in the operating room in a cold phosphate buffered 2% gluteraldehyde solution, washed with Ringers, post fixed in cold 1% osmic acid and dehydrated in graded alcohol. Specimens were transferred from alcohol to a series of increasing concentrations of ethyl alcohol and amyl acetate. The tissue was then critical point dried, secured to aluminum stubs and coated with gold, approximately 150A thick on a rotating stage in a vacuum evaporator. The specimens were then studied with the Kent-Cambridge S4-10 Scanning Electron Microscope at an accelerating voltage of 20KV.


2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A401-A401
Author(s):  
M BOERMEESTER ◽  
E BELT ◽  
B LAMME ◽  
M LUBBERS ◽  
J KESECIOGLU ◽  
...  

1958 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Lincoln Thompson

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 411-412
Author(s):  
Javier Miller ◽  
Angela Smith ◽  
Kris Gunn ◽  
Erik Kouba ◽  
Eric M. Wallen ◽  
...  

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