Corrigendum to: “White Matter Governed Superior Frontal Sulcus Surgical Paradigm: A Radioanatomic Microsurgical Study—Part II” by Kassam et al. Operative Neurosurgery, opaa066, https://doi.org/10.1093/ons/opaa066

doi:10.1093/ons/opaa294

White Matter Governed Superior Frontal Sulcus Surgical Paradigm: A Radioanatomic Microsurgical Study—Part II

Operative Neurosurgery ◽

10.1093/ons/opaa066 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. E357-E369

Author(s):

Amin B Kassam ◽

Alejandro Monroy-Sosa ◽

Melanie B Fukui ◽

Bhavani Kura ◽

Jonathan E Jennings ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Literature Review ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Ventricular Catheter ◽

Clinical Safety ◽

Frontal Horn ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Entry Points ◽

Frontal Aslant Tract ◽

Superior Frontal Sulcus

Abstract BACKGROUND Kocher's point (KP) and its variations have provided standard access to the frontal horn (FH) for over a century. Anatomic understanding of white matter tracts (WMTs) has evolved, now positioning us to better inform the optimal FH trajectory. OBJECTIVE To (1) undertake a literature review analyzing entry points (EPs) to the FH; (2) introduce a purpose-built WMT-founded superior frontal sulcus parafascicular (SFSP)-EP also referred to as the Kassam-Monroy entry point (KM-EP); and (3) compare KM-EP with KP and variants with respect to WMTs. METHODS (1) Literature review (PubMed database, 1892-2018): (a) stratification based on the corridor: i. ventricular catheter; ii. through-channel endoscopic; or iii. portal; (b) substratification based on intent: i. preoperatively planned or ii. intraoperative (postdural opening) for urgent ventricular drainage. (2) Anatomic comparisons of KM-EP, KP, and variants via (a) cadaveric dissections and (b) magnetic resonance-diffusion tensor imaging computational 3D modeling. RESULTS A total of 31 studies met inclusion criteria: (a) 9 utilized KP coordinate (1 cm anterior to the coronal suture (y-axis) and 3 cm lateral of the midline (x-axis) approximated by the midpupillary line) and 22 EPs represented variations. All 31 traversed critical subcortical WMTs, specifically the frontal aslant tract, superior longitudinal fasciculus II, and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, whereas KM-EP (x = 2.3, y = 3.5) spares these WMTs. CONCLUSION KP (x = 3, y = 1) conceived over a century ago, prior to awareness of WMTs, as well as its variants, anatomically place critical WMTs at risk. The KM-EP (x = 2.3, y = 3.5) is purpose built and founded on WMTs, representing anatomically safe access to the FH. Correlative clinical safety, which will be directly proportional to the size of the corridor, is yet to be established in prospective studies.

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White Matter-Governed Superior Frontal Sulcus Surgical Paradigm: A Radioanatomic Microsurgical Study—Part I

Operative Neurosurgery ◽

10.1093/ons/opaa065 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. E343-E356 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alejandro Monroy-Sosa ◽

Srikant S Chakravarthi ◽

Melanie B Fukui ◽

Bhavani Kura ◽

Jonathan E Jennings ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Internal Capsule ◽

Entry Point ◽

Coronal Suture ◽

Corona Radiata ◽

Cingulum Bundle ◽

Sagittal Sinus ◽

Precentral Sulcus ◽

Superior Frontal Sulcus

Abstract BACKGROUND Frontal subcortical and intraventricular pathologies are traditionally accessed via transcortical or interhemispheric-transcallosal corridors. OBJECTIVE To describe the microsurgical subcortical anatomy of the superior frontal sulcus (SFS) corridor. METHODS Cadaveric dissections were undertaken and correlated with magnetic resonance imaging/diffusion-tensor imaging-Tractography. Surgical cases demonstrated clinical applicability. RESULTS SFS was divided into the following divisions: proximal, precentral sulcus to coronal suture; middle, 3-cm anterior to coronal suture; and distal, middle division to the orbital crest. Anatomy was organized as layered circumferential rings projecting radially towards the ventricles: (1) outer ring: at the level of the SFS, the following lengths were measured: (A) precentral sulcus to coronal suture = 2.29 cm, (B) frontal bone projection of superior sagittal sinus (SSS) to SFS = 2.37 cm, (C) superior temporal line to SFS = 3.0 cm, and (D) orbital crest to distal part of SFS = 2.32 cm; and (2) inner ring: (a) medial to SFS, U-fibers, frontal aslant tract (FAT), superior longitudinal fasciculus I (SLF-I), and cingulum bundle, (b) lateral to SFS, U-fibers, (SLF-II), claustrocortical fibers (CCF), and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and (c) intervening fibers, FAT, corona radiata, and CCF. The preferred SFS parafascicular entry point (SFSP-EP) also referred to as the Kassam-Monroy entry point (KM-EP) bisects the distance between the midpupillary line and the SSS and has the following coordinates: x = 2.3 cm (lateral to SSS), y ≥ 3.5 cm (anterior to CS), and z = parallel corona radiata and anterior limb of the internal capsule. CONCLUSION SFS corridor can be divided into lateral, medial, and intervening white matter tract segments. Based on morphometric assessment, the optimal SFSP-EP is y ≥ 3.5 cm, x = 2.3 cm, and z = parallel to corona radiata and anterior limb of the internal capsule.

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Review for "The distribution, number and certain neurochemical identities of infracortical white matter neurons in the brains of three megachiropteran bat species"

10.1002/cne.24894/v1/review2 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

White Matter

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FT-IR microspectroscopic analysis of diseased white matter brain tissues

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100141214 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 968-969

Author(s):

Steven M. Le Vine ◽

David L. Wetzel

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Twitcher Mouse ◽

Grid Pattern ◽

Marked Contrast ◽

Spatially Resolved ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Ir Microspectroscopy ◽

Chemical Evidence

In situ FT-IR microspectroscopy has allowed spatially resolved interrogation of different parts of brain tissue. In previous work the spectrrscopic features of normal barin tissue were characterized. The white matter, gray matter and basal ganglia were mapped from appropriate peak area measurements from spectra obtained in a grid pattern. Bands prevalent in white matter were mostly associated with the lipid. These included 2927 and 1469 cm-1 due to CH2 as well as carbonyl at 1740 cm-1. Also 1235 and 1085 cm-1 due to phospholipid and galactocerebroside, respectively (Figs 1and2). Localized chemical changes in the white matter as a result of white matter diseases have been studied. This involved the documentation of localized chemical evidence of demyelination in shiverer mice in which the spectra of white matter lacked the marked contrast between it and gray matter exhibited in the white matter of normal mice (Fig. 3).The twitcher mouse, a model of Krabbe’s desease, was also studied. The purpose in this case was to look for a localized build-up of psychosine in the white matter caused by deficiencies in the enzyme responsible for its breakdown under normal conditions.

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