scholarly journals Two case reports of corticosteroid administration-prolonged and pulsed therapy-in treatment of pruritus in cholestatic hepatitis A patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daad Daghman ◽  
Mohamad Saeed Rez ◽  
Amjad Soltany ◽  
Almotaman Alsaleh
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Cholestatic Hepatitis ◽  
Corticosteroid Administration ◽  
Steroid Side Effects ◽  
Experimental Management ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Cholestasis following hepatitis A affects around 0.8% of hepatitis A patients. It is considered a distressing complication in spite of its good prognosis. Despite being subject to multiple studies, causes of cholestasis are still controversial. Many treatments (discussed later) have shown some improvements of the accompanied pruritus. In the following article, we present two cholestatic hepatitis A patients who suffered from severe pruritus. Prednisolone was administered via two different methods: prolonged and pulsed. Both showed great improvement of the pruritus in a short time frame. To the best of our knowledge, our management using pulsed corticosteroid therapy in treatment of pruritus in cholestatic hepatitis A is considered the first experimental management in medical literature. The importance of this experimental case lies in reducing the doses and the duration of steroid intake, thus reducing steroid side effects as far as possible.

High variability in spawner–recruit data hampers learning

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A Hinrichsen
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Large Error ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Experimental Management ◽  
Number Of Treatment ◽  
A Priori Power Analysis ◽  
Short Time ◽  
And Control

Variability is a formidable opponent of experimental management aimed at detecting spawner–recruit (SR) effects in a short time frame. I fitted Ricker SR models to 214 different SR data sets and found that high residual error variability was common. For each of these data sets, in an a priori power analysis, I estimated the power of experiments that used the change in Ricker a as the treatment effect and a temporal reference alone (no subpopulation references). Power was calculated using both bootstrap resampling and the usual normal theory methods. The analysis revealed that large residual variability severely limits the power to detect large changes in recruits per spawner (R/S). At the median level of error variability, achieving the design criteria of α = 0.05 and power = 0.8 required an experiment that doubled R/S to last about 20 years (assuming an equal number of treatment and control years). Several approaches to countering large error variability are discussed along with their limitations.

scholarly journals Ovarian mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation: two case reports

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Tehranian ◽  
Akram Ghahghaei-Nezamabadi ◽  
Akram Seifollahi ◽  
Sara Kasraei ◽  
Hamideh Dehghani-Nejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Mature Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Stage Ia ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Case Number

Abstract Background Mature Cystic Teratoma (MCT) is a benign tumor that can lead to malignant transformation (MT) in 1–3% of cases. Management of MT is a big challenge for gynecologic oncologists due to the lack of specific diagnostic and treatment protocols. Case presentation We reported two Iranian cases of MT of MCT with two different stages and prognosis. Our both cases presented the same symptoms, including chronic abdominal pain and distention, loss of appetite, and weight loss. In case number 1, despite the large size of the tumor, the disease was at stage Ia and had a good prognosis; while, case number 2 was at stage IIIc of the disease with a poor prognosis. Conclusion The stage of the disease is the most important prognostic factor, and early diagnosis and treatment are very critical for better survival.

scholarly journals PARE0002 IMPACT OF SERVICE DOGS ON THE BURDEN OF ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1287.1-1287
Author(s):  
P. Wegscheider
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Service Dogs ◽  
Mobility Impairments ◽  
Assistance Dogs ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Team Assessment ◽  
Personal Assistants ◽  
Austrian Population ◽  
Short Time

Background:Assistance dogs support humans with different physical disabilities: 1. Service dogs for people with diverse mobility impairments 2. signaling dogs for humans diagnosed with diabetes, hearing impairments, seizure, or posttraumatic stress disorder 3. guide dogs for people with visual impairments. Definitions and terms are not consistent over Europe; Austrian terminology is used in the following. These specially trained dogs support people in their everyday lives and make it possible that less help is required from personal assistants or caregivers. Diverse studies show this positive impact of assistance dogs on the quality of life of disabled people. There are just a few case reports from United States about service dogs for people diagnosed with any inflammatory rheumatic disorder. Dogs are trained individually for about 1.5 years before team training and the concluding team assessment through Austrian authorities take place. Since 2015, there has been an adapted legislation for service dogs in Austria which brings significant improvements in many areas. In comparison to the model set by Austria, there is no corresponding legal basis at EU level or in other European countries.Objectives:Case-report about my own situation diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in 2001 and my service dog May. May supports my every day live in private and business affairs since 2019Methods:May was trained for less than two years before team assessment. May is able to pick up things I dropped. These include coins, my key, my mobile phone, clothes, towels and lots of other things I want her to pick it up for me. May opens and closes doors, empties the washing machine, pulls the laundry basket and even helps me put on and take off clothes. In general, she carries many things which I instruct her to carry. I am able to learn her more new things in a short time. Furthermore May acts safe on public transport and even airplanes. Due to special training May is allowed to move without dog leash or muzzle. A muzzle or leash would handicap the dog’s work. As a result of May’s help I need less personal assistance.Results:May’s physical and psychological support gives me greater independence and increases my self-confidence. She was trained to specifically meet the needs of my disability. Beside her skills, May helps to reduce pain and burden of arthritis.Conclusion:My aim is to spotlight the great support of service dogs to severely affected arthritis patients. Austria had realized legislation for assistance dogs to guarantee certain permissions the owner’s needs (e.g. access to working place, hospital). I would love to raise awareness about assistance dogs to improve the knowledge about those animals to implement European legislation.References:[1]Arbeitskreis für Hygiene in Gesundheitseinrichtungen des Magistrats der Stadt Wien, MA 15, Richtlinie für den Umgang mit Assistenzhunden und Therapiehunden in Gesundheitseinrichtungen, 29.3.2017; access 1.10.2019[2]AK Krankenhaushygiene OÖ, Umgang mit Assistenzhunden in Gesundheitseinrichtungen, Version 1; access 1.2019[3]Bremhorst, A et al, Spotlight on Assistance Dogs- Legislation, Welfare and Research, Animals 2018, 8, 129; doi:10.3390/ani8080129[4]Deutsche Gesellschaft für Krankenhaushygiene (DGKH), Empfehlungen zum hygienegerechten Umgang mit Therapiehunden in Krankenhäusern und vergleichbaren Einrichtungen, Hyg Med 2017; 42-10[5]Glenk, LM et al, Perceptions on Helath Benefits of Guide Dog Ownership in an Austrian Population of Blind People with and without a Guide Dog, Animals 2019, 9, 428; doi:10.3390/ani9070428[6]Lundqvist, M et al, Certified service dogs- A cost- effectiveness analysis appraisal, Plos ones 12.9.2019, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0219911[7]Sozialministeriumservice, Richtlinie Therapiehunde des Bundesministers für Arbeit, Soziales und Konsumentenschutz, 01.01.2015; access 1.10.2019Acknowledgments:I am very grateful to Kati Kohoutek, May’s trainer and the efforts of Austrian’s long lasting dog trainers and Karl Weissenbacher, the leader of Messerli Institute/ department of Veterinary University Vienna.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Micronodular Thymoma With Lymphoid Stroma: A Trio of Cases, With Diverse-associated Histological Features

2021 ◽  
pp. 106689692110011
Author(s):  
Neha Bakshi ◽  
Shashi Dhawan ◽  
Seema Rao ◽  
Kishan Singh Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Lymphoid Stroma ◽  
Thymic Cysts ◽  
Robotic Thymectomy ◽  
Conventional Type

Introduction. Micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma (MNTLS) is a rare thymoma subtype characterized by distinctive histological appearance, unique clinical profile, and indolent course with good prognosis. In addition to its distinctive morphology, MNTLS may be associated with diverse histological features, such as thymic cysts and conventional thymoma, complicating the diagnostic picture further. Materials and methods. We report herein an account of 3 elderly patients (male—02; female—01), who presented with anterior mediastinal mass, and underwent robotic thymectomy. Microscopic examination revealed MNTLS in all 3 cases. In addition, 2 cases showed associated histological features in the form of a multilocular thymic cyst and conventional (type B2) thymoma, respectively. All 3 patients are doing well without recurrence or metastasis at 34, 28, and 19 months postsurgery. Conclusions. Awareness of this rare thymoma subtype is vital among pathologists to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure appropriate patient management. To date, only a few cases of this rare thymoma subtype have been reported in the literature, mostly as single case reports.

scholarly journals Polyethylene Migration from Food Packaging on Cheese Detected by Raman and Infrared (ATR/FT-IR) Spectroscopy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3872
Author(s):  
Klytaimnistra Katsara ◽  
George Kenanakis ◽  
Zacharias Viskadourakis ◽  
Vassilis M. Papadakis
Keyword(s):  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Short Time ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

For multiple years, food packaging migration has been a major concern in food and health sciences. Plastics, such as polyethylene, are continuously utilized in food packaging for preservation and easy handling purposes during transportation and storage. In this work, three types of cheese, Edam, Kefalotyri and Parmesan, of different hardness were studied under two complementary vibrational spectroscopy methods, ATR-FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, to determine the migration of low-density polyethylene from plastic packaging to the surface of cheese samples. The experimental duration of this study was set to 28 days due to the degradation time of the selected cheese samples, which is clearly visible after 1 month in refrigerated conditions at 4 °C. Raman and ATR-FTIR measurements were performed at a 4–3–4–3 day pattern to obtain comparative results. Initially, consistency/repeatability measurement tests were performed on Day0 for each sample of all cheese specimens to understand if there is any overlap between the characteristic Raman and ATR-FTIR peaks of the cheese with the ones from the low-density polyethylene package. We provide evidence that on Day14, peaks of low-density polyethylene appeared due to polymeric migration in all three cheese types we tested. In all cheese samples, microbial outgrowth started to develop after Day21, as observed visually and under the bright-field microscope, causing peak reverse. Food packaging migration was validated using two different approaches of vibrational spectroscopy (Raman and FT-IR), revealing that cheese needs to be consumed within a short time frame in refrigerated conditions at 4 °C.

A Systematic Review on Airbag-Induced Burns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah P Erpenbeck ◽  
Eva Roy ◽  
Jenny A Ziembicki ◽  
Francesco M Egro
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Automobile Crashes ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ocular Burns

Abstract Airbags significantly reduce fatalities and injuries in automobile crashes, but they have been found to be associated with burns. Specifically, airbags can cause burns through thermal or chemical mechanisms and commonly affect the arms, hands, face, and eyes. While most airbag-induced burns are minor, some may cause unfavorable outcomes. Our study aimed to systematically review airbag-induced burns to assess etiology, type, and treatment of these injuries. A systematic review of case reports pertaining to airbag-induced cutaneous and ocular burns was conducted. Data reviewed included type/location of burns, severity of burn, total number of patients, treatment, complications, and outcome after treatment. We identified 21 case reports that met our inclusion criteria with a total of 24 patients reported in the studies. Of the studies identified, 38% were chemical burns and 25% were thermal burns. Most commonly the upper extremities were burned in 42% of cases, followed by eyes (25%) and face (21%). Most burns identified were superficial partial thickness (58%). Treatment outcomes were good for cutaneous burns, with 95% healing without complication. However, ocular injuries lead to permanent impaired eye function in 71% of cases. In our systematic review, we highlighted the common risk factors, prognosis, and treatment for thermal, chemical, and ocular burns. Airbag-induced burns have a relatively good prognosis but must be recognized and treated immediately to reduce the risk of serious sequelae.

scholarly journals Breeding Strategies to Improve Miscanthus as a Sustainable Source of Biomass for Bioenergy and Biorenewable Products

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 673 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Clifton-Brown ◽  
Kai-Uwe Schwarz ◽  
Danny Awty-Carroll ◽  
Antonella Iurato ◽  
Heike Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Commercial Expansion

Miscanthus, a C4 perennial grass native to Eastern Asia, is being bred to provide biomass for bioenergy and biorenewable products. Commercial expansion with the clonal hybrid M. × giganteus is limited by low multiplication rates, high establishment costs and drought sensitivity. These limitations can be overcome by breeding more resilient Miscanthus hybrids propagated by seed. Naturally occurring fast growing indigenous Miscanthus species are found in diverse environments across Eastern Asia. The natural diversity provides for plant breeders, the genetic resources to improve yield, quality, and resilience for a wide range of climates and adverse abiotic stresses. The challenge for Miscanthus breeding is to harness the diversity through selections of outstanding wild types, parents, and progenies over a short time frame to deploy hybrids that make a significant contribution to a world less dependent on fossil resources. Here are described the strategies taken by the Miscanthus breeding programme at Aberystwyth, UK and its partners. The programme built up one of the largest Miscanthus germplasm collections outside Asia. We describe the initial strategies to exploit the available genetic diversity to develop varieties. We illustrate the success of combining diverse Miscanthus germplasm and the selection criteria applied across different environments to identify promising hybrids and to develop these into commercial varieties. We discuss the potential for molecular selections to streamline the breeding process.

Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid Induced Cholestatic Hepatitis: a Case Report

Drug Safety ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 911-1010
Author(s):  
H. Ghozzi ◽  
B. Hammami ◽  
H. Affes ◽  
S. Hammami ◽  
L. Ayedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Cholestatic Hepatitis ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Collagenous Sprue: A Rare, Severe Small-Bowel Malabsorptive Disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-809
Author(s):  
Xiangrong Zhao ◽  
Rebecca L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Disease Entity ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Refractory Sprue ◽  
Exact Etiology ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Small Intestinal

Abstract Collagenous sprue is a severe malabsorptive disorder, histologically characterized by small intestinal villous and crypt atrophy, and a subepithelial collagen deposit, thicker than 12 µm, that entraps lamina propria cellular elements. Collagenous sprue is a rare disease entity, with only about 60 sporadic cases reported worldwide since it was first described in 1947. Its exact etiology is still under investigation, and its relationship with classic celiac disease and other refractory, spruelike intestinal disorders remains controversial. Two larger-scale studies, in 2009, brought new insights into this elusive, yet emerging, topic. Here, we present a review of the literature on the possible etiology of collagenous sprue, its proposed links to classic celiac disease and to refractory sprue, and its clinical, biochemical, histologic, and molecular features. To our knowledge, all case reports on collagenous sprue in the medical literature to date are summarized.

Ranking the explanatory power of factors associated with worldwide new Covid-19 cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristides Moustakas
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Variance Partitioning ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Spatial Spread ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Governmental Intervention ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Disease spread is a complex phenomenon requiring an interdisciplinary approach. Covid-19 exhibited a global spatial spread in a very short time frame resulting in a global pandemic. Data of new Covid-19 cases per million were analysed worldwide at the spatial scale of a country and time replicated from the end of December 2019 to late May 2020. Data driven analysis of epidemiological, economic, public health, and governmental intervention variables was performed in order to select the optimal variables in explaining new Covid-19 cases across all countries in time. Sequentially, hierarchical variance partitioning of the optimal variables was performed in order to quantify the independent contribution of each variable in the total variance of new Covid-19 cases per million. Results indicated that from the variables available new tests per thousand explained the vast majority of the total variance in new cases (51.6%) followed by the governmental stringency index (15.2%). Availability of hospital beds per 100k inhabitants explained 9% extreme poverty explained 8.8%, hand washing facilities 5.3%, the fraction of the population aged 65 or older explained 3.9%, and other disease prevalence (cardiovascular diseases plus diabetes) explained 2.9%. The percentage of smokers within the population explained 2.6% of the total variance, while population density explained 0.6%.

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