scholarly journals Emergence of Kaposi’s Sarcoma Herpesvirus-Associated Complications Following Corticosteroid Use in TB-IRIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Manion ◽  
Thomas Uldrick ◽  
Mark N Polizzotto ◽  
Virginia Sheikh ◽  
Gregg Roby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Castleman Disease ◽  
Multicentric Castleman Disease ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Abstract Corticosteroid use was associated with development of Kaposi’s sarcoma or multicentric Castleman disease in 3 patients with mycobacterial immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) treated with corticosteroids. Monitoring for development of Kaposi’s sarcoma and alternative treatment may be beneficial for patients with IRIS, especially in the presence of preexisting co-infection with Kaposi’s sarcoma–associated herpesvirus.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Kaposi’s Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus to Mortality in Hospitalized Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Patients Being Investigated for Tuberculosis in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J Blumenthal ◽  
Charlotte Schutz ◽  
David Barr ◽  
Michael Locketz ◽  
Vickie Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Castleman Disease ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Multicentric Castleman Disease ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus

AbstractBackgroundDespite increasing numbers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected South Africans receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of mortality. Approximately 25% of patients treated for TB have microbiologically unconfirmed diagnoses. We assessed whether elevated Kaposi’s sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) viral load (VL) contributes to mortality in hospitalized HIV-infected patients investigated for TB.MethodsSix hundred eighty-two HIV-infected patients admitted to Khayelitsha Hospital, South Africa, were recruited, investigated for TB, and followed for 12 weeks. KSHV serostatus, peripheral blood KSHV-VL, and KSHV-associated clinical correlates were evaluated.ResultsMedian CD4 count was 62 (range, 0–526) cells/μL; KSHV seropositivity was 30.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 27%–34%); 5.8% had detectable KSHV-VL (median, 199.1 [range, 13.4–2.2 × 106] copies/106 cells); 22% died. Elevated KSHV-VL was associated with mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 6.5 [95% CI, 1.3–32.4]) in patients without TB or other microbiologically confirmed coinfections (n = 159). Six patients had “possible KSHV-inflammatory cytokine syndrome” (KICS): 5 died, representing significantly worse survival (P < .0001), and 1 patient was diagnosed with KSHV-associated multicentric Castleman disease at autopsy.ConclusionsGiven the association of mortality with elevated KSHV-VL in critically ill HIV-infected patients with suspected but not microbiologically confirmed TB, KSHV-VL and KICS criteria may guide diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation.

scholarly journals “Chronic Disseminated Aspergillosis,” a Novel Fungal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabelle Pourbaix ◽  
Romain Guery ◽  
Julie Bruneau ◽  
Estelle Blanc ◽  
Gregory Jouvion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Castleman Disease ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Disseminated Candidiasis ◽  
Multicentric Castleman Disease ◽  
Chronic Disseminated Candidiasis ◽  
Disseminated Aspergillosis ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Abstract We report a case of chronic hepatosplenic aspergillosis following immune reconstitution complicating colic aspergillosis in an AIDS patient with multicentric Castleman disease. Symptoms mimicked the clinical presentation of chronic disseminated candidiasis and responded to corticosteroid. This emerging entity enlarges the spectrum of fungal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in the HIV setting.

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Manifested as a Kaposi's Sarcoma in the Tongue

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-125
Author(s):  
Samantha Valdés-Pineda ◽  
Hugo Lara-Sánchez ◽  
Uri Torruco-García ◽  
Rita Dorantes-Heredia
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Histopathological evaluation of paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome-associated Kaposi's sarcoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 564-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshifumi Takahashi ◽  
Yusuke Koizumi ◽  
Noriki Fujimoto ◽  
Gen Nakanishi ◽  
Toshiaki Manabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Histopathological Evaluation ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome
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