scholarly journals Mycobacterium avium Complex Osteomyelitis in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Case Series and Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Wood ◽  
Martha O. Buitrago ◽  
Sugat Patel ◽  
David H. Hachey ◽  
Sebastien Haneuse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Complex ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Disseminated Disease

Abstract In persons with advanced immunosuppression, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) typically causes disseminated disease with systemic symptoms. We report 2 cases in which MAC caused localized osteomyelitis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy with rising CD4 counts. We summarize 17 additional cases of HIV-associated MAC osteomyelitis from the literature and compare CD4 count at presentation for vertebral cases versus nonvertebral cases, which reveals a significantly higher CD4 at presentation for vertebral cases (median 251 cells/µL vs 50 cells/µL; P = .043; Mann–Whitney U test). The literature review demonstrates that the majority of cases of MAC osteomyelitis, especially vertebral, occurs in individuals with CD4 counts that have increased to above 100 cells/µL on antiretroviral therapy. Among HIV-infected individuals with osteomyelitis, MAC should be considered a possible etiology, particularly in the setting of immune reconstitution.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium avium complex suppurative parotitis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection presenting with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 1365-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahir Osman Eltahir Babiker ◽  
Christine Beeston ◽  
Janet Purcell ◽  
Niranjan Desai ◽  
Andrew Ustianowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Complex ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Restoration of the immune system following initiation of antiretroviral therapy can result in an adverse phenomenon known as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Herein, we report a case of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) suppurative parotitis associated with IRIS in a patient with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of MAC parotitis in the setting of IRIS and clinicians should be aware of this condition.

scholarly journals Cryptococcal infection of the colon in a patient without concurrent human immunodeficiency infection: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Quincho-Lopez ◽  
Noah Kojima ◽  
John M. Nesemann ◽  
Rogger Verona-Rubio ◽  
Dina Carayhua-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Cryptococcal Infection ◽  
Pulmonary System ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Histopathology Examination

AbstractCryptococcosis is a fungal infection that is rarely reported in patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, especially when the central nervous system (CNS) or pulmonary system is not involved. We report a case of isolated colonic cryptococcosis without disseminated disease in a 64-year-old immunocompetent woman without HIV infection who presented with chronic diarrhea and no episodes of fever or weight loss. The diagnosis was based on histopathology examination. Furthermore, we performed a literature review showing that few reports have been published so far and in the case of colonic cryptococcal infection, the prognosis is favorable among HIV-uninfected patients.

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