scholarly journals Discordant Virus-Specific Antibody Levels, Antibody Neutralization Capacity and T Cell Responses Following Three Doses of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in a Patient with Connective Tissue Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Peluso ◽  
Sadie E Munter ◽  
Kara L Lynch ◽  
Cassandra Yun ◽  
Leonel Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Connective Tissue Disease ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Neutralization Capacity ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Virus Specific Antibody ◽  
Antibody Levels

Abstract We report a patient with connective tissue disease who developed modest SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain-specific antibody levels and a lack of neutralization capacity, despite having received three mRNA COVID-19 vaccines and holding anti-B cell therapy for >7 months prior to vaccination. The patient developed virus-specific T cell responses.

Wildtype p53-specific Antibody and T-Cell Responses in Cancer Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 629-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Elm Pedersen ◽  
Anette Stryhn ◽  
Sune Justesen ◽  
Mikkel Harndahl ◽  
Susanne Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cell Responses

scholarly journals Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 specific B- and T-cell responses in convalescent COVID-19 patients 6-8 months after the infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Sherina ◽  
Antonio Piralla ◽  
Likun Du ◽  
Hui Wan ◽  
Makiko Kumagai-Braesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Antibody Levels

SummaryBackgroundThe longevity of the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 is currently debated. We thus profiled the serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels and virus specific memory B- and T-cell responses over time in convalescent COVID-19 patients.MethodsA cohort of COVID-19 patients from the Lombardy region in Italy who experienced mild to critical disease and Swedish volunteers with mild symptoms, were tested for the presence of elevated anti-spike and anti-receptor binding domain antibody levels over a period of eight months. In addition, specific memory B- and T-cell responses were tested in selected patient samples.ResultsAnti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were present in 85% samples collected within 4 weeks after onset of symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Levels of specific IgM or IgA antibodies declined after 1 month while levels of specific IgG antibodies remained stable up to 6 months after diagnosis. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were still present, though at a significantly lower level, in 80% samples collected at 6-8 months after symptom onset. SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B- and T-cell responses were developed in vast majority of the patients tested, regardless of disease severity, and remained detectable up to 6-8 months after infection.ConclusionsAlthough the serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies started to decline, virus-specific T and/or memory B cell responses increased with time and maintained during the study period (6-8 months after infection).FundingEuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ATAC), the Italian Ministry of Health, CIMED, the Swedish Research Council and the China Scholarship Council.

Enhancement of Antigen-specific Antibody and CD8+T Cell Responses by Codelivery of IL-12-encapsulated Microspheres in Protein and Peptide Vaccination

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hyung Park ◽  
Jun Chang ◽  
Se-Hwan Yang ◽  
Hye-Ju Kim ◽  
Hyun-Hee Kwak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Peptide Vaccination ◽  
Cell Responses

scholarly journals Transient CD4+T Cell Depletion Results in Delayed Development of Functional Vaccine-Elicited Antibody Responses

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 4278-4288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas M. Provine ◽  
Alexander Badamchi-Zadeh ◽  
Christine A. Bricault ◽  
Pablo Penaloza-MacMaster ◽  
Rafael A. Larocca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
T Cell Help

ABSTRACTWe have recently demonstrated that CD4+T cell help is required at the time of adenovirus (Ad) vector immunization for the development of functional CD8+T cell responses, but the temporal requirement for CD4+T cell help for the induction of antibody responses remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that induction of antibody responses in C57BL/6 mice can occur at a time displaced from the time of Ad vector immunization by depletion of CD4+T cells. Transient depletion of CD4+T cells at the time of immunization delays the development of antigen-specific antibody responses but does not permanently impair their development or induce tolerance against the transgene. Upon CD4+T cell recovery, transgene-specific serum IgG antibody titers develop and reach a concentration equivalent to that in undepleted control animals. These delayed antibody responses exhibit no functional defects with regard to isotype, functional avidity, expansion after boosting immunization, or the capacity to neutralize a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Env-expressing pseudovirus. The development of this delayed transgene-specific antibody response is temporally linked to the expansion ofde novoantigen-specific CD4+T cell responses, which develop after transient depletion of CD4+T cells. These data demonstrate that functional vaccine-elicited antibody responses can be induced even if CD4+T cell help is provided at a time markedly separated from the time of vaccination.IMPORTANCECD4+T cells have a critical role in providing positive help signals to B cells, which promote robust antibody responses. The paradigm is that helper signals must be provided immediately upon antigen exposure, and their absence results in tolerance against the antigen. Here we demonstrate that, in contrast to the current model that the absence of CD4+T cell help at priming results in long-term antibody nonresponsiveness, antibody responses can be induced by adenovirus vector immunization or alum-adjuvanted protein immunization even if CD4+T cell help is not provided until >1 month after immunization. These data demonstrate that the time when CD4+T cell help signals must be provided is more dynamic and flexible than previously appreciated. These data suggest that augmentation of CD4+T cell helper function even after the time of vaccination can enhance vaccine-elicited antibody responses and thereby potentially enhance the immunogenicity of vaccines in immunocompromised individuals.

Optimizing parallel induction of HIV type 1-specific antibody and T-cell responses by multicomponent subunit vaccines

AIDS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (17) ◽  
pp. 2495-2504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Clutton ◽  
Alexei Carpov ◽  
Christopher L. Parks ◽  
Hansi J. Dean ◽  
David C. Montefiori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Hiv Type 1

scholarly journals Long-Term Elevated Inflammatory Protein Levels in Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infected Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liina Tserel ◽  
Piia Jõgi ◽  
Paul Naaber ◽  
Julia Maslovskaja ◽  
Annika Häling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Viral Neutralization ◽  
Neutralization Capacity ◽  
N Protein ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals

The clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 infection range from asymptomatic to severe disease with life-threatening complications. Understanding the persistence of immune responses in asymptomatic individuals merit special attention because of their importance in controlling the spread of the infections. We here studied the antibody and T cell responses, and a wide range of inflammation markers, in 56 SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positive individuals, identified by a population screen after the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These, mostly asymptomatic individuals, were reanalyzed 7-8 months after their infection together with 115 age-matched seronegative controls. We found that 7-8 months after the infection their antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid (N) protein declined whereas we found no decrease in the antibodies to Spike receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) when compared to the findings at seropositivity identification. In contrast to antibodies to N protein, the antibodies to S-RBD correlated with the viral neutralization capacity and with CD4+ T cell responses as measured by antigen-specific upregulation of CD137 and CD69 markers. Unexpectedly we found the asymptomatic antibody-positive individuals to have increased serum levels of S100A12, TGF-alpha, IL18, and OSM, the markers of activated macrophages-monocytes, suggesting long-term persistent inflammatory effect associated with the viral infection in asymptomatic individuals. Our results support the evidence for the long-term persistence of the inflammation process and the need for post-infection clinical monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infected asymptomatic individuals.

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