scholarly journals Clinical Effectiveness of Lyme Vaccine: A Matched Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos R Oliveira ◽  
Christopher Massad ◽  
Eugene D Shapiro ◽  
Marietta Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Real World ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Real World Setting ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract We conducted a matched case-control study to assess the effectiveness of Lyme vaccine (LYMErix ™) as it was used in clinical practice. We found ≥3 doses to be 71% effective against Lyme disease. This is the first study to show that the Lyme vaccine was effective in a real-world setting.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of HPV vaccine by age at vaccination and number of doses: protocol for a population-based matched case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e043093
Author(s):  
Carlos R Oliveira ◽  
Anette Michelle Ortiz ◽  
Sangini S Sheth ◽  
Eugene D Shapiro ◽  
Linda M Niccolai
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Real World ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hpv Vaccines ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

IntroductionIn 2006, the first human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in the USA based on pre-licensure clinical trials that found it to be highly efficacious at preventing persistent infection and precancerous, high-grade cervical lesions (HGCLs) caused by viral types the vaccine protects against. However, the real-world effectiveness of HPV vaccines as used in clinical practice may be quite different from the efficacy found in pre-licensure clinical trials. More than 10 years have passed since the introduction of the vaccine programme. It is critical to determine if the full benefits of HPV are being realised in real-world settings.Methods and analysisThe objectives of this study were to estimate the effectiveness of HPV vaccines as used in real-world clinical settings and to determine the degree to which the vaccine’s effectiveness varies based on age at the time of immunisation and the number of doses received. The study will be a population-based, matched case–control study. Cases will be women with newly diagnosed HGCL associated with HPV types 16 and 18. Matched controls will be women with a normal Pap test result, matched individually to cases in a 2:1 ratio by age, a practice and date of testing. Medical records will be reviewed to determine dates of receipt of the HPV vaccine for all participants. We will use multivariate conditional logistic regression to control for potential confounders.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol presents minimal risk to the subjects. This protocol has received approval from the Institutional Review Board of Yale University (HIC: 1502015308), and a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Waiver of Authorisation has been granted to allow investigators to recruit subjects for the study. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journals and conference presentations.

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