scholarly journals Disparities in Integrase Inhibitor Usage in the Modern HIV Treatment Era: a Population-Based Study in a U.S. City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A Spinelli ◽  
Nancy A Hessol ◽  
Sandra K Schwarcz ◽  
Susan Scheer ◽  
Monica Gandhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Integrase Inhibitor ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Integrase inhibitor-based (INSTI) antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens are preferred for most people living with HIV (PLWH). We examined factors associated with INSTI use among PLWH in San Francisco who started ART in 2009-2016. PLWH who experienced homelessness were less likely, and older PLWH were more likely, to use an INSTI.

scholarly journals Quality of life among people living with HIV in England and the Netherlands: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 100177
Author(s):  
Stephanie Popping ◽  
Meaghan Kall ◽  
Brooke E. Nichols ◽  
Evelien Stempher ◽  
Lisbeth Versteegh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Population Based ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Living With Hiv

A model to predict adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV

2021 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2021-055222
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Rusi Long ◽  
Tian Hu ◽  
Yaqi Chen ◽  
Rongxi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Poor Adherence ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Temporal Validation ◽  
Suboptimal Adherence ◽  
Living With Hiv

ObjectivesSuboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) dramatically hampers the achievement of the UNAIDS HIV treatment targets. This study aimed to develop a theory-informed predictive model for ART adherence based on data from Chinese.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Shenzhen, China, in December 2020. Participants were recruited through snowball sampling, completing a survey that included sociodemographic characteristics, HIV clinical information, Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills (IMB) constructs and adherence to ART. CD4 counts and HIV viral load were extracted from medical records. A model to predict ART adherence was developed from a multivariable logistic regression with significant predictors selected by Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression. To evaluate the performance of the model, we tested the discriminatory capacity using the concordance index (C-index) and calibration accuracy using the Hosmer and Lemeshow test.ResultsThe average age of the 651 people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the training group was 34.1±8.4 years, with 20.1% reporting suboptimal adherence. The mean age of the 276 PLHIV in the validation group was 33.9±8.2 years, and the prevalence of poor adherence was 22.1%. The suboptimal adherence model incorporates five predictors: education level, alcohol use, side effects, objective abilities and self-efficacy. Constructed by those predictors, the model showed a C-index of 0.739 (95% CI 0.703 to 0.772) in internal validation, which was confirmed be 0.717 via bootstrapping validation and remained modest in temporal validation (C-index 0.676). The calibration capacity was acceptable both in the training and in the validation groups (p>0.05).ConclusionsOur model accurately estimates ART adherence behaviours. The prediction tool can help identify individuals at greater risk for poor adherence and guide tailored interventions to optimise adherence.

Polypharmacy and Drug–Drug Interactions in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the Region of Madrid, Spain: A Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz López-Centeno ◽  
Carlos Badenes-Olmedo ◽  
Ángel Mataix-Sanjuan ◽  
Katie McAllister ◽  
José M Bellón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Red Flag ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) that involve antiretrovirals (ARVs) tend to cause harm if unrecognized, especially in the context of comorbidity and polypharmacy. Methods A linkage was established between the drug dispensing registry of Madrid and the Liverpool human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DDI database (January 2017–June 2017). Polypharmacy was defined as the use of ≥5 non-HIV medications, and DDIs were classified by a traffic-light ranking for severity. Results A total of 22 945 people living with HIV (PLWH) and 6 613 506 individuals without HIV had received medications. ARV regimens were predominantly based on integrase inhibitors (51.96%). Polypharmacy was higher in PLWH (32.94%) than individuals without HIV (22.16%; P < .001); this difference was consistently observed across all age strata except for individuals ≥75 years. Polypharmacy was more common in women than men in both PLWH and individuals without HIV. The prevalence of contraindicated combinations involving ARVs was 3.18%. Comedications containing corticosteroids, quetiapine, or antithrombotic agents were associated with the highest risk for red-flag DDI, and the use of raltegravir- or dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy was associated with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.72 (95% confidence interval, .60–.88; P = .001) for red-flag DDI. Conclusions Polypharmacy was more frequent among PLWH across all age groups except those aged ≥75 years and was more common in women. The detection of contraindicated medications in PLWH suggests a likely disconnect between hospital and community prescriptions. Switching to alternative unboosted integrase regimens should be considered for patients with risk of harm from DDIs.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with hypertension among people living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Lubega ◽  
Billy Mayanja ◽  
Joseph Lutaakome ◽  
Andrew Abaasa ◽  
Rebecca Thomson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Factors associated to modification of first-line antiretroviral therapy due to adverse events in people living with HIV/AIDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Negromonte Azevedo ◽  
Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Ximenes ◽  
Polyana Monteiro ◽  
Ulisses Ramos Montarroyos ◽  
Demócrito de Barros Miranda-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
First Line ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Magnitude of non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy and associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS in Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8558
Author(s):  
Fikadu Tadesse Nigusso ◽  
Azwihangwisi Helen Mavhandu-Mudzusi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction Following global efforts to increase antiretroviral therapy (ART) access and coverage, Ethiopia has made significant achievement with a 6.3% annual decline in the HIV/AIDS incidence rate between 1990 and 2016. Such success depends not only on access to ART but also on attaining optimum treatment adherence. Emerging studies in Ethiopia has shown the increasing prevalence of poor adherence and lack of the desired viral suppression, but the extent and factors associated with non-adherence to ART are not well known, especially in the current study setup. In this study, we examined the magnitude and factors associated with treatment and non-adherence to ART among people living with HIV in Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institutional facility based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among adult people living with HIV/AIDS from mid-December 2016 to February 2017 with only 98.9% response rate. Sociodemographic factors (age, gender, marital status and residential area), economic factors (educational status, income, asset possession, employment status, dietary diversity, nutritional status and food security), and clinical characteristics (CD4 count, duration on ART and history of opportunistic infections) were explanatory variables. ART non-adherence was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS). We used binary logistic regression and subsequent multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the factors associated with ART non-adherence. Result Overall, 39.7% of the participants were found non-adherent to ART. Strong association was found between non-adherence to ART and young age below 25 years (AOR: 4.30, 95% CI [1.39–3.35]; p = 0.011), urban residential area (AOR: 2.78, CI [1.23–7.09], p = 0.043), lack of employment (AOR: 1.75, 95% CI [1.05–2.91], p = 0.032), food insecurity (AOR: 2.67, 95% CI [7.59–8.97]; p < 0.0001), malnutrition (AOR: 1.55, 95% CI [1.94–2.56]; p = 0.027) and opportunistic infections (AOR: 1.81, 95% CI [1.11–2.97]; p = 0.018). Conclusion The prevalence of non-adherence to ART in this study was high. Sociodemographic and economic factors such as young age of below 25 years, urban residential area, lack of employment, food insecurity, malnutrition and opportunistic infections were among the factors associated with non-adherence to ART.

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