scholarly journals Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Its Propensity for Bacterial Coinfection and Related Mortality in Elderly Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Godefroy ◽  
Audrey Giraud-gatineau ◽  
Marie-Thérèse Jimeno ◽  
Sophie Edouard ◽  
Line Meddeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Bacterial Coinfection ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an increasingly recognized cause of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in adults. We compared the crude in-hospital mortality of patients with RSV infection alone with that of patients with RSV–bacterial coinfection. Overall, 12 144 hospitalized patients with ARI were screened for RSV detection by polymerase chain reaction between February 2014 and April 2019. In total, 701 (5.8%) had a positive RSV result, including 85 (12.1%) with bacterial coinfection. RSV–bacterial coinfection was associated with an increase in crude in-hospital mortality in patients >65 years old (hazard ratio, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.30–6.60; P = .010). Optimized prevention and management strategies to reduce this burden are needed.

Detection of Genomic Sequences of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Otitis Media with Effusion in Children

1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (10_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Okamoto ◽  
Kazuo Kudo ◽  
Koji Shirotori ◽  
Misao Nakazawa ◽  
Eiko Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Viral Sequences

The reverse transcriptase—polymerase chain reaction and the nested polymerase chain reaction were used for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) sequences in middle ear effusions collected from children with otitis media. Sequences of RSV were detected in 21 of 34 samples tested. These samples were collected during and/or after natural outbreaks of RSV infection in the community. In those patients from whose nasopharynges RSV was isolated, the viral sequences were highly detectable (75%) in the effusions. These observations suggest RSV as an important factor in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion.

scholarly journals Aims, Study Design, and Enrollment Results From the Assessing Predictors of Infant Respiratory Syncytial Virus Effects and Severity Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E Walsh ◽  
Thomas J Mariani ◽  
ChinYi Chu ◽  
Alex Grier ◽  
Steven R Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

BACKGROUND The majority of infants hospitalized with primary respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection have no obvious risk factors for severe disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study (Assessing Predictors of Infant RSV Effects and Severity, AsPIRES) was to identify factors associated with severe disease in full-term healthy infants younger than 10 months with primary RSV infection. METHODS RSV infected infants were enrolled from 3 cohorts during consecutive winters from August 2012 to April 2016 in Rochester, New York. A birth cohort was prospectively enrolled and followed through their first winter for development of RSV infection. An outpatient supplemental cohort was enrolled in the emergency department or pediatric offices, and a hospital cohort was enrolled on admission with RSV infection. RSV was diagnosed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Demographic and clinical data were recorded and samples collected for assays: buccal swab (cytomegalovirus polymerase chain reaction, PCR), nasal swab (RSV qualitative PCR, complete viral gene sequence, 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid [RNA] amplicon microbiota analysis), nasal wash (chemokine and cytokine assays), nasal brush (nasal respiratory epithelial cell gene expression using RNA sequencing [RNAseq]), and 2 to 3 ml of heparinized blood (flow cytometry, RNAseq analysis of purified cluster of differentiation [CD]4+, CD8+, B cells and natural killer cells, and RSV-specific antibody). Cord blood (RSV-specific antibody) was also collected for the birth cohort. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression will be used for analysis of data using a continuous Global Respiratory Severity Score (GRSS) as the outcome variable. Novel statistical methods will be developed for integration of the large complex datasets. RESULTS A total of 453 infants were enrolled into the 3 cohorts; 226 in the birth cohort, 60 in the supplemental cohort, and 78 in the hospital cohort. A total of 126 birth cohort infants remained in the study and were evaluated for 150 respiratory illnesses. Of the 60 RSV positive infants in the supplemental cohort, 42 completed the study, whereas all 78 of the RSV positive hospital cohort infants completed the study. A GRSS was calculated for each RSV-infected infant and is being used to analyze each of the complex datasets by correlation with disease severity in univariate and multivariate methods. CONCLUSIONS The AsPIRES study will provide insights into the complex pathogenesis of RSV infection in healthy full-term infants with primary RSV infection. The analysis will allow assessment of multiple factors potentially influencing the severity of RSV infection including the level of RSV specific antibodies, the innate immune response of nasal epithelial cells, the adaptive response by various lymphocyte subsets, the resident airway microbiota, and viral factors. Results of this study will inform disease interventions such as vaccines and antiviral therapies.

scholarly journals Clinical impact of respiratory syncytial virus infection on children hospitalized for pertussis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruimu Zhang ◽  
Jikui Deng
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Chest Auscultation ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Background: Although Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the common pathogens in children with pertussis and viral coinfection, the clinical impact of RSV infection on pertussis remains unclear. We compared clinical characteristics and sought differences between infants with single Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis) infection and those with RSV coinfection.Methods: We enrolled 80 patients with pertussis who were hospitalized in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. Respiratory tract samples were tested for B. pertussis with real-time polymerase chain reaction and respiratory viruses with immunofluorescence assay. Clinical data were obtained from hospital records and collected using a structured questionnaire.Results: Thirty-seven of 80 patients had B. pertussis infection alone (pertussis group) and 43 had RSV-pertussis coinfection (coinfection group). No significant differences were found with regard to sex, body weight, preterm birth history, pertussis vaccination, symptoms, presence of pneumonia, or lymphocyte count between the 2 groups. Patients with RSV coinfection were older; received more β-lactam antibiotic treatment; had higher rates of wheezes and rales on chest auscultation, a higher rate of readmission, and a longer hospital stay.Conclusions: RSV coinfection increases β-lactam antibiotic use, readmission rate, and hospital stay in children hospitalized for pertussis. RSV infection should be suspected when wheezes or rales are present on auscultation of the chest in these patients. Early detection of RSV may avoid unnecessary antibiotic use.

scholarly journals Respiratory Pathogens in Children 1 Month to 5 Years of Age Presenting With Undifferentiated Acute Respiratory Distress in 2 District-Level Hospitals in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-364
Author(s):  
Patrick T Wilson ◽  
Frank Baiden ◽  
Joshua C Brooks ◽  
Katie M Giessler ◽  
Gavin Apio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Ghanaian children (2176) aged <5 years who presented with undifferentiated acute respiratory distress were tested for respiratory pathogens using a BioFire FilmArray polymerase chain reaction assay. Rhinovirus and/or enterovirus was detected in 36% of the assays, respiratory syncytial virus in 11%, and parainfluenza in 7%. Respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus were detected more frequently in the rainy season than in the dry season.

scholarly journals Development of a Rapid Fluorescent Immunochromatographic Test to Detect Respiratory Syncytial Virus

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trinh Thuy Tien ◽  
Hyun Park ◽  
Hien Tuong ◽  
Seung-Taek Yu ◽  
Du-Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Immunochromatographic Strip ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Immunochromatographic Strip Test ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Strip Test ◽  
Europium Nanoparticles

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common viruses infecting the respiratory tracts of infants. The rapid and sensitive detection of RSV is important to minimize the incidence of infection. In this study, novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs; B11A5 and E8A11) against RSV nucleoprotein (NP) were developed and applied to develop a rapid fluorescent immunochromatographic strip test (FICT), employing europium nanoparticles as the fluorescent material. For the FICT, the limits of detection of the antigen and virus were 1.25 µg/mL and 4.23 × 106 TCID50/mL, respectively, corresponding to 4.75 × 106 ± 5.8 ×105 (mean ± SD) RNA copy numbers per reaction mixture for RSV NP. A clinical study revealed a sensitivity of 90% (18/20) and specificity of 98.18% (108/110) for RSV detection when comparing the performance to that of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), representing a 15% improvement in sensitivity over the SD Bioline rapid kit. This newly developed FICT could be a useful tool for the rapid diagnosis of RSV infection.

One-step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus in children

2008 ◽  
Vol 148 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Augusto do Nascimento ◽  
Andréa Lima Leal ◽  
Thereza Silva Souza ◽  
Cláudia Trigo Pedroso de Moraes ◽  
Priscila Comone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
One Step ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Prevalence of respiratory viruses using polymerase chain reaction in children with wheezing, a systematic review and meta–analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243735
Author(s):  
Cyprien Kengne–Nde ◽  
Sebastien Kenmoe ◽  
Abdou Fatawou Modiyinji ◽  
Richard Njouom
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Introduction Wheezing is a major problem in children, and respiratory viruses are often believed to be the causative agent. While molecular detection tools enable identification of respiratory viruses in wheezing children, it remains unclear if and how these viruses are associated with wheezing. The objective of this systematic review is to clarify the prevalence of different respiratory viruses in children with wheezing. Methods We performed an electronic in Pubmed and Global Index Medicus on 01 July 2019 and manual search. We performed search of studies that have detected common respiratory viruses in children ≤18 years with wheezing. We included only studies using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Study data were extracted and the quality of articles assessed. We conducted sensitivity, subgroup, publication bias, and heterogeneity analyses using a random effects model. Results The systematic review included 33 studies. Rhinovirus, with a prevalence of 35.6% (95% CI 24.6–47.3, I2 98.4%), and respiratory syncytial virus, at 31.0% (95% CI 19.9–43.3, I2 96.4%), were the most common viruses detected. The prevalence of other respiratory viruses was as follows: human bocavirus 8.1% (95% CI 5.3–11.3, I2 84.6%), human adenovirus 7.7% (95% CI 2.6–15.0, I2 91.0%), influenza virus6.5% (95% CI 2.2–12.6, I2 92.4%), human metapneumovirus5.8% (95% CI 3.4–8.8, I2 89.0%), enterovirus 4.3% (95% CI 0.1–12.9, I2 96.2%), human parainfluenza virus 3.8% (95% CI 1.5–6.9, I2 79.1%), and human coronavirus 2.2% (95% CI 0.6–4.4, I2 79.4%). Conclusions Our results suggest that rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus may contribute to the etiology of wheezing in children. While the clinical implications of molecular detection of respiratory viruses remains an interesting question, this study helps to illuminate the potential of role respiratory viruses in pediatric wheezing. Review registration PROSPERO, CRD42018115128.

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