scholarly journals Effect of UV irradiation on Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and involvement of the general transcription factor TFB3 in the early UV response

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (14) ◽  
pp. 7179-7192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Schult ◽  
Thuong N Le ◽  
Andreas Albersmeier ◽  
Bernadette Rauch ◽  
Patrick Blumenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Sulfolobus Acidocaldarius ◽  
General Transcription Factor ◽  
Uv Response

scholarly journals Discrete roles of the Spc1 kinase and the Atf1 transcription factor in the UV response of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 3356-3363 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Degols ◽  
P Russell
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
Uv Response ◽  
Rad Mutants ◽  
Mutant Cells

Exposure of mammalian cells to UV irradiation or alkylating agents leads to the activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 stress-activated protein kinase cascades, phosphorylation of c-Jun and ATF-2 bZIP transcription factors, and finally to selective induction of gene expression. This UV response is believed to be crucially important for cell survival, although conclusive evidence is lacking. Here, we address this issue by investigating a homologous UV response pathway in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In fission yeast cells, UV irradiation induces activation of Spc1 stress-activated protein kinase, which in turn phosphorylates the Atf1 bZIP transcription factor. spc1 mutants are hypersensitive to killing by UV at a level equivalent to some checkpoint rad mutants. Whereas checkpoint rad mutants fail to arrest division in response to DNA damage, spc1 mutants are defective at resuming cell division after UV exposure. Levels of basal and UV-induced transcription of ctt1+, which encodes a catalase believed important for combating oxidative stress caused by UV, are extremely low in spc1 mutants. Atf1 is required for UV-induced transcription of ctt1+, but atf1 mutants are not hypersensitive to killing by UV. This surprising finding is explained by the observation that ctt1+ basal expression is unaffected in atf1 single mutant and spc1 atf1 double mutant cells, suggesting that unphosphorylated Atf1 represses ctt1+ expression in spc1 cells. In fact, the level of UV sensitivity of spc1 atf1 double mutant cells is intermediate between those of the wild type and spc1 mutants. These findings suggest the following. (i) Key properties of UV response mechanisms are remarkably similar in mammals and S. pombe. (ii) Activation of Spc1 kinase greatly enhances survival of UV-irradiated cells. (iii) Induction of gene expression by activation of Atf1 may not be the most important mechanism by which stress-activated kinases function in the UV response.

scholarly journals AP-1 Repressor Protein JDP-2: Inhibition of UV-Mediated Apoptosis through p53 Down-Regulation

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3012-3024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Piu ◽  
Ami Aronheim ◽  
Sigal Katz ◽  
Michael Karin
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Uv Exposure ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Transcription Factor Family ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Uv Response ◽  
Increase Cell Survival

ABSTRACT Members of the AP-1 transcription factor family, especially c-Jun and c-Fos, have long been known to mediate critical steps in the cellular response to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. We sought to examine whether two newly discovered members of the AP-1 family, JDP-1 and JDP-2, also participate in the mammalian UV response. Here we report that JDP-2, but not JDP-1, is transiently induced upon UV challenge and that elevated levels of JDP-2 increase cell survival following UV exposure. This protective function of JDP-2 appears to be mediated through repression of p53 expression at the transcriptional level, via a conserved atypical AP-1 site in the p53promoter.

scholarly journals Transcriptional Activation in Yeast Cells Lacking Transcription Factor IIA

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 1573-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Chou ◽  
Sukalyan Chatterjee ◽  
Mark Lee ◽  
Kevin Struhl
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Activation Domains ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
General Transcription Factor

Abstract The general transcription factor IIA (TFIIA) forms a complex with TFIID at the TATA promoter element, and it inhibits the function of several negative regulators of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) subunit of TFIID. Biochemical experiments suggest that TFIIA is important in the response to transcriptional activators because activation domains can interact with TFIIA, increase recruitment of TFIID and TFIIA to the promoter, and promote isomerization of the TFIID-TFIIA-TATA complex. Here, we describe a double-shut-off approach to deplete yeast cells of Toa1, the large subunit of TFIIA, to <1% of the wild-type level. Interestingly, such TFIIA-depleted cells are essentially unaffected for activation by heat shock factor, Ace1, and Gal4-VP16. However, depletion of TFIIA causes a general two- to threefold decrease of transcription from most yeast promoters and a specific cell-cycle arrest at the G2-M boundary. These results indicate that transcriptional activation in vivo can occur in the absence of TFIIA.

scholarly journals Purification and interaction properties of the human RNA polymerase B(II) general transcription factor BTF2.

1991 ◽  
Vol 266 (31) ◽  
pp. 20940-20945
Author(s):  
M. Gerard ◽  
L. Fischer ◽  
V. Moncollin ◽  
J.M. Chipoulet ◽  
P. Chambon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
General Transcription Factor

Binding of general transcription factor TFIIB to an acidic activating region

Nature ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 353 (6344) ◽  
pp. 569-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Sun Lin ◽  
Ilho Ha ◽  
Edio Maldonado ◽  
Danny Reinberg ◽  
Michael R. Green
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
General Transcription Factor

scholarly journals The mutationnrpb1-A325Vin the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II suppresses compromised growth ofArabidopsisplants deficient in a function of the general transcription factor IIF

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 730-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Babiychuk ◽  
Khai Trinh Hoang ◽  
Klaas Vandepoele ◽  
Eveline Van De Slijke ◽  
Danny Geelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
General Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factor Iif

The general transcription factor RAP30 binds to RNA polymerase II and prevents it from binding nonspecifically to DNA

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
M T Killeen ◽  
J F Greenblatt
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
General Transcription Factor ◽  
Indirect Consequence ◽  
Transcription In Vitro ◽  
Sigma 70

RAP30/74 is a human general transcription factor that binds to RNA polymerase II and is required for initiation of transcription in vitro regardless of whether the promoter has a recognizable TATA box (Z. F. Burton, M. Killeen, M. Sopta, L. G. Ortolan, and J. F. Greenblatt, Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:1602-1613, 1988). Part of the amino acid sequence of RAP30, the small subunit of RAP30/74, has limited homology with part of Escherichia coli sigma 70 (M. Sopta, Z. F. Burton, and J. Greenblatt, Nature (London) 341:410-414, 1989). To determine which sigmalike activities of RAP30/74 could be attributed to RAP30, we purified human RAP30 and a RAP30-glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein that had been produced in E. coli. Bacterially produced RAP30 bound to RNA polymerase II in the absence of RAP74. Both partially purified natural RAP30/74 and recombinant RAP30 prevented RNA polymerase II from binding nonspecifically to DNA. In addition, nonspecific transcription by RNA polymerase II was greatly inhibited by RAP30-glutathione-S-transferase. DNA-bound RNA polymerase II could be removed from DNA by partially purified RAP30/74 but not by bacterially expressed RAP30. Thus, the ability of RAP30/74 to recruit RNA polymerase II to a promoter-bound preinitiation complex may be an indirect consequence of its ability to suppress nonspecific binding of RNA polymerase II to DNA.

scholarly journals Positive regulation of general transcription factor SIII by a tailed ubiquitin homolog.

1995 ◽  
Vol 92 (16) ◽  
pp. 7172-7176 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Garrett ◽  
T. Aso ◽  
J. N. Bradsher ◽  
S. I. Foundling ◽  
W. S. Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Positive Regulation ◽  
General Transcription Factor
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