scholarly journals The antiretroviral potency of APOBEC1 deaminase from small animal species

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (21) ◽  
pp. 6859-6871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terumasa Ikeda ◽  
Takeo Ohsugi ◽  
Tetsuya Kimura ◽  
Shuzo Matsushita ◽  
Yosuke Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Small Animal

Myocardial depression produced by sustained tachycardia in rabbits

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. H63-H67 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Freeman ◽  
J. T. Colston
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Calcium Handling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Failure Model ◽  
Myocardial Depression ◽  
Active Length ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Heart Failure Model ◽  
Recent Attention

Much recent attention has been focused on the tachycardia-induced heart failure model. We hypothesized that sustained tachycardia would lead to myocardial depression in rabbits, as it does in dogs and swine. We evaluated the passive and active length-tension relations and postrest contraction behavior in right ventricular papillary muscles from 22 New Zealand White rabbits, 11 controls, and 11 subjected to ventricular pacing at a rate of 400 beats/min for 29.4 +/- 10.6 days. Studies were performed in oxygenated buffer at 22 degrees C. Active tension was significantly reduced at muscle lengths of 0.95.Lmax and above; at Lmax it was 4.7 +/- 0.2 g/mm2 for the control group and 3.3 +/- 0.2 g/mm2 for the paced group (P less than 0.005). Both groups showed increased force development when the concentration of calcium in the buffer was increased. There were no differences between the groups in the passive length-tension relations. Of note, postrest contraction data showed that the second postrest beat was smaller for the paced animals for rest intervals up to 2 min, suggesting that beat-to-beat trans-sarcolemmal calcium handling may differ from normal in this model. We conclude that sustained tachycardia will lead to myocardial depression in rabbits; the extension of this model to a small animal species may offer new ways to explore its causative mechanisms.

Small animal species in the livelihoods of small-scale farmers in tropical Bolivia

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
R.T. Paterson ◽  
F. Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
The West ◽  
North West ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The City

In the Bolivian Department of Santa Cruz, the Provinces of Sara and Ichilo lie some 100 km North-West of the city of Santa Cruz de la Sierra, where they occupy an area of about 21,000 km2. Most of the region is a flat, alluvial plain, 350-450 m above sea level, with young soils prone to localized, seasonal waterlogging, although the land becomes undulating and rises to 800 m as it approaches the foothills of the Andes to the west. The soils are moderately fertile with pH values often in the range of 4.5 to 5.5.

Practolol metabolism in various small animal species

Xenobiotica ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Reeves ◽  
D. J. Mccormick ◽  
H. T. Jepson
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Small Animal

scholarly journals Animal welfare issues on the use of rabbits in an animal assisted therapy program for children

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. LOUKAKI (Κ. ΛΟΥΚΑΚΗ) ◽  
P. KOUKOUTSAKIS (Π. ΚΟΥΚΟΥΤΣΑΚΗΣ) ◽  
N. KOSTOMITSOPOULOS (Ν. ΚΩΣΤΟΜΗΤΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Animal Assisted Therapy ◽  
Normal Behaviour ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Positive Feelings

Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) is a method of complementary treatment in the rehabilitation of many human illnesses and conditions. Although the dog is the most widely used therapy animal that is used in AAT program, the rabbit can also be used as an alternate animal species and complementary therapy for many diseases. It is an intelligent, human friendly and playful small animal, easily socialized and transported. Also, the rabbit has very good communication through its body language. A special bond, also, exists between children and rabbits, and in the animal world of children, the rabbit is a very popular animal mainly through children's literature. As a result, rabbits elicit positive feelings in children and enhance their imagination. Based on previousexperience from an AAT program with rabbits in a children's hospital, the rabbit can be easily accepted by children with emotional or physical problems. In order for an AAT program with a rabbit to be a success, it is very important to guarantee good health and normal behaviour of the rabbit, as well as its proper welfare. The contribution and participation of a veterinarian during the design and the implementation of the program are, also, very important for assuring the success of an AAT program with rabbits.

scholarly journals Respuesta productiva de conejos alimentados con follaje fresco de nacedero (Trichanthera gigantea, Lamiales:Acanthaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
Andrea Brenes-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Productive Systems ◽  
Test Treatment

Productive response of rabbits fed with fresh leaves of nacedero (Trichanthera gigantea, Lamiales:Acanthaceae). Rabbit production is a viable activity in Costa Rica. It offers consumers a high quality meat, and for farmers a good income with a relatively low investment. Production performance, including weight gain and dressing percentage of rabbits fed with two levels of fresh “nacedero” leaves (Trichanthera gigantea) were evaluated. The experiment was conducted in a commercial farm, using 30 weanling animals (California breed) randomly distributed among three treatments (ten animals per treatment): T1: Control: 100% commercial extruded diet, T2: 85:15, 85% commercial extruded diet and 15% nacedero fresh leaves, T3: 70:30, 70% commercial extruded diet and 30% nacedero fresh leaves. Animals were individually weighed weekly for eight weeks, then slaughtered at 88 days of age and dressing percentage calculated. Significant differences (p<0,05) were found between animals from treatments 1 and 2 compared to treatment 3 according to Tukey test. Treatment 3 showed the lowest final weight (p=0,003), weight gain (p=0,008) and dressing percentage (p=0,002). Animals´ initial weights (included as a covariable) had an important effect in all parameter responses (p=0,02). Average initial weights were 441, 403 and 418 g; weight gain was 19, 19 and 17 g/animal/day and dressing percentage was 55, 54 and 51% for animals from treatments 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Dry matter intake was significantly less in animals from treatments 2 and 3 compared to control (p<0,05). It is suggested that 15% of substitution of fresh nacedero foliage in diets for fattening rabbits did not affect productive performance; and improve the use of plants with high potential as forages in productive systems with small animal` species.

scholarly journals Componenţa sistematică şi diversitatea mamiferelor din nivelul paleolitic (III) de locuire umană a staţiunii paleolitice Brânzeni I

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viorica Pascari ◽  
◽  
Anatolie David ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Geological History ◽  
Paleolithic Site ◽  
The Third ◽  
Predatory Bird ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
The Given ◽  
Systematic Composition

The article presents the characteristic of the systematic composition and diversity of skeletal remains of mammals in the third level of human habitation of the Paleolithic site in the cave of Brânzeni I, Edinet district. The archaeological and paleontological remains discovered here are attributed to a new archaeological culture for Europe – Brânzeni. The inhabitants of this site hunted horses, reindeer, bison, deer, rhino, mammoth, hares, marmot and other mammals, that met in thesite area and were the main source of food for tribal members. The bones of small animal species (insectivores, rodents etc.) discovered in the inhabiting level of the Palaeolithic site originated from the decomposition of predatory bird pellets and of the feces of carnivores living in the cave while it was temporarily abandoned by the Paleolithic hunters. The archaeological and paleontological materials presented in this information are of interest for the knowledge of the peculiarities of geological history, fauna of paleogeography and the human society of the given area, have instructive, cognitive and ecotouristic value.

scholarly journals Infections of the Urinary Tract of Bacterial Origin in Dogs and Cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
T. Kocúreková ◽  
J. Koščová ◽  
V. Hajdučková
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Animal Medicine ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract The diseases of the urinary tract in small animal medicine, especially in dogs and cats, occur frequently with different etiologies. The most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) are bacteria which enter upwards through the urethral opening. UTIs occur in hosts with compromised defence mechanisms in which the virulent microbes can adhere, multiply and persist in the urinary tract. In addition to bacteria, also viruses or fungi may infect the urinary tracts. Bacterial infection can develop in the upper (kidneys and ureters) or lower (bladder, urethra) urinary tract and are manifested by various clinical signs such as: frequent or difficult and painful urination, presence of blood in the urine, or its foul odour. The symptoms in sick animals are often accompanied by fever, discomfort, and loss of appetite. The UTIs in dogs and cats are caused by both Gram-negative (e. g. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp.) and Gram-positive (e. g. Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Enterococcus spp.) bacteria. The properly performed aseptic sampling of the urine is one of the most important steps in bacteriological diagnostics. In this study, 105 urine samples were collected from dogs and cats. The cultivation, microscopy and biochemical examinations were used for species identification. Finally, the bacteriological examination included also determining the susceptibility of pathogens against antibiotics by the disc-diffusion method. The results were processed and expressed as a percentage according to identified pathogens, animal species, sex, breed and age. The uropathogens were diagnosed mainly in males aged 7—10 years. The most commonly identified pathogens were Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. Tests of bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics showed that enrofloxacin, cefotaxime, and cephazolin were the most effective against uropathogens.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection in Rabbits

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 6131-6135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart L. Haagmans ◽  
Judith M. A. van den Brand ◽  
Lisette B. Provacia ◽  
V. Stalin Raj ◽  
Koert J. Stittelaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The ability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) to infect small animal species may be restricted given the fact that mice, ferrets, and hamsters were shown to resist MERS-CoV infection. We inoculated rabbits with MERS-CoV. Although virus was detected in the lungs, neither significant histopathological changes nor clinical symptoms were observed. Infectious virus, however, was excreted from the upper respiratory tract, indicating a potential route of MERS-CoV transmission in some animal species.

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