scholarly journals Complex translational regulation of BACE1 involves upstream AUGs and stimulatory elements within the 5' untranslated region

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 2975-2985 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mihailovich ◽  
R. Thermann ◽  
F. Grohovaz ◽  
M. W. Hentze ◽  
D. Zacchetti
Keyword(s):  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Upstream Augs

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of a 44 kDa protein that binds specifically to the 3′-untranslated region of CYP2a5 mRNA: inducibility, subcellular distribution and possible role in mRNA stabilization

1996 ◽  
Vol 313 (3) ◽  
pp. 1029-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier GENESTE ◽  
Françoise RAFFALLI ◽  
Matti A. LANG
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Subcellular Fractionation ◽  
Mrna Stabilization ◽  
Nuclear Extracts

Stabilization of mRNA is important in the regulation of CYP2a5 expression but the factors involved in the process are not known [Aida and Negishi (1991) Biochemistry 30, 8041–8045]. In this paper, we describe, for the first time, a protein that binds specifically to the 3′-untranslated region of CYP2a5 mRNA and which is inducible by pyrazole, a compound known to increase the half-life of CYP2a5 mRNA. We also demonstrate that pyrazole treatment causes an elongation of the CYP2a5 mRNA poly(A) tail, and that phenobarbital, which is transcriptional activator of the CYP2a5 gene that does not affect the mRNA half-life, neither induces the RNA-binding protein nor affects the poly(A) tail size. SDS/PAGE of the UV-cross-linked RNA–protein complex demonstrated that the RNA-binding protein has an apparent molecular mass of 44 kDa. The protein-binding site was localized to a 70-nucleotide region between bases 1585 and 1655. Treatment of cytoplasmic extracts with an SH-oxidizing agent, diamide, an SH-blocking agent, N-ethylmaleimide or potato acid phosphatase abolished complex-formation, suggesting that the CYP2a5 mRNA-binding protein is subject to post-translational regulation. Subcellular fractionation showed that the 44 kDa protein is present in polyribosomes and nuclei, and that its apparent induction is much stronger in polyribosomes than in nuclear extracts. We propose that this 44 kDA RNA-binding protein is involved in the stabilization of CYP2a5 mRNA by controlling the length of the poly(A) tail.

scholarly journals The 5' untranslated region of mRNA for ribosomal protein S19 is involved in its translational regulation during Xenopus development.

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 816-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Mariottini ◽  
F Amaldi
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Xenopus Development ◽  
Untranslated Sequence ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Ribosomal Protein S19 ◽  
Fused Gene

During Xenopus development, the synthesis of ribosomal proteins is regulated at the translational level. To identify the region of the ribosomal protein mRNAs responsible for their typical translational behavior, we constructed a fused gene in which the upstream sequences (promoter) and the 5' untranslated sequence (first exon) of the gene coding for Xenopus ribosomal protein S19 were joined to the coding portion of the procaryotic chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene deleted of its own 5' untranslated region. This fused gene was introduced in vivo by microinjection into Xenopus fertilized eggs, and its activity was monitored during embryogenesis. By analyzing the pattern of appearance of CAT activity and the distribution of the S19-CAT mRNA between polysomes and messenger ribonucleoproteins, it was concluded that the 35-nucleotide-long 5' untranslated region of the S19 mRNA is able to confer to the fused S19-CAT mRNA the translational behavior typical of ribosomal proteins during Xenopus embryo development.

The structure of the 5′-untranslated region of mammalian poly(A) polymerase-α mRNA suggests a mechanism of translational regulation

2010 ◽  
Vol 340 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Rapti ◽  
Theoni Trangas ◽  
Martina Samiotaki ◽  
Panayotis Ioannidis ◽  
Euthymios Dimitriadis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Translational Regulation

scholarly journals Altered mRNA binding activity and decreased translational initiation in a nuclear mutant lacking translation of the chloroplast psbA mRNA.

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 3560-3566 ◽  
Author(s):  
C B Yohn ◽  
A Cohen ◽  
A Danon ◽  
S P Mayfield
Keyword(s):  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Protein Complex ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Translational Initiation ◽  
Nuclear Mutant ◽  
Mrna Binding ◽  
Ribosome Association

Translational regulation has been identified as one of the key steps in chloroplast-encoded gene expression. Genetic and biochemical analysis with Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has implicated nucleus-encoded factors that interact specifically with the 5' untranslated region of chloroplast mRNAs to mediate light-activated translation. F35 is a nuclear mutation in C. reinhardtii that specifically affects translation of the psbA mRNA (encoding D1, a core polypeptide of photosystem II), causing a photosynthetic deficiency in the mutant strain. The F35 mutant has reduced ribosome association of the psbA mRNA as a result of decreased translation initiation. This reduction in ribosome association correlates with a decrease in the stability of the mRNA. Binding activity of the psbA specific protein complex to the 5' untranslated region of the mRNA is diminished in F35 cells, and two members of this binding complex (RB47 and RB55) are reduced compared with the wild type. These data suggest that alteration of members of the psbA mRNA binding complex in F35 cells results in a reduction in psbA mRNA-protein complex formation, thereby causing a decrease in translation initiation of this mRNA.

scholarly journals A Six-Nucleotide Segment within the 3′ Untranslated Region of Hibiscus Chlorotic Ringspot Virus Plays an Essential Role in Translational Enhancement

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 1144-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Chin-Yen Koh ◽  
D. X. Liu ◽  
Sek-Man Wong
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Viral Gene Expression ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
Viral Mrnas ◽  
Translational Machinery

ABSTRACT RNA plant viruses use various translational regulatory mechanisms to control their gene expression. Translational enhancement of viral mRNAs that leads to higher levels of protein synthesis from specific genes may be essential for the virus to successfully compete for cellular translational machinery. The control elements have yet to be analyzed for members of the genus Carmovirus, a small group of plant viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes. In this study, we examined the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (HCRSV) genomic RNA (gRNA) and subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) for its role in the translational regulation of viral gene expression. The results showed that the 3′ UTR of HCRSV significantly enhanced the translation of several open reading frames on gRNA and sgRNA and a viral gene in a bicistronic construct with an inserted internal ribosome entry site. Through deletion and mutagenesis studies of both the bicistronic construct and full-length gRNA, we demonstrated that a six-nucleotide sequence, GGGCAG, that is complementary to the 3′ region of the 18S rRNA and a minimal length of 180 nucleotides are required for the enhancement of translation induced by the 3′ UTR.

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