scholarly journals Novel domains and orthologues of eukaryotic transcription elongation factors

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (17) ◽  
pp. 3643-3652 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Ponting
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factors ◽  
Eukaryotic Transcription

Linking transcription, RNA polymerase II elongation and alternative splicing

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (16) ◽  
pp. 3091-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana E. Giono ◽  
Alberto R. Kornblihtt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Eukaryotic Transcription

Gene expression is an intricately regulated process that is at the basis of cell differentiation, the maintenance of cell identity and the cellular responses to environmental changes. Alternative splicing, the process by which multiple functionally distinct transcripts are generated from a single gene, is one of the main mechanisms that contribute to expand the coding capacity of genomes and help explain the level of complexity achieved by higher organisms. Eukaryotic transcription is subject to multiple layers of regulation both intrinsic — such as promoter structure — and dynamic, allowing the cell to respond to internal and external signals. Similarly, alternative splicing choices are affected by all of these aspects, mainly through the regulation of transcription elongation, making it a regulatory knob on a par with the regulation of gene expression levels. This review aims to recapitulate some of the history and stepping-stones that led to the paradigms held today about transcription and splicing regulation, with major focus on transcription elongation and its effect on alternative splicing.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Kinetic Model of Eukaryotic Transcription Elongation from Single-Molecule Experiments

2013 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 364a
Author(s):  
Manchuta Dangkulwanich ◽  
Toyotaka Ishibashi ◽  
Shixin Liu ◽  
Maria L. Kireeva ◽  
Lucyna Lubkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Eukaryotic Transcription

CHAPTER 4. RNA Polymerase-associated Transcription Elongation Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-99
Author(s):  
Shun-ichi Sekine ◽  
Tamami Uejima ◽  
Haruhiko Ehara
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factors

scholarly journals HIV-1 Tat and Host AFF4 Recruit Two Transcription Elongation Factors into a Bifunctional Complex for Coordinated Activation of HIV-1 Transcription

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanhai He ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Joanne Hsu ◽  
Yuhua Xue ◽  
Seemay Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factors ◽  
Hiv 1

Structural insight into nucleosome transcription by RNA polymerase II with elongation factors

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 363 (6428) ◽  
pp. 744-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhiko Ehara ◽  
Tomoya Kujirai ◽  
Yuka Fujino ◽  
Mikako Shirouzu ◽  
Hitoshi Kurumizaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Elongation Factors ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Insight ◽  
Insight Into

RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcribes chromosomal DNA that contains multiple nucleosomes. The nucleosome forms transcriptional barriers, and nucleosomal transcription requires several additional factors in vivo. We demonstrate that the transcription elongation factors Elf1 and Spt4/5 cooperatively lower the barriers and increase the RNAPII processivity in the nucleosome. The cryo–electron microscopy structures of the nucleosome-transcribing RNAPII elongation complexes (ECs) reveal that Elf1 and Spt4/5 reshape the EC downstream edge and intervene between RNAPII and the nucleosome. They facilitate RNAPII progression through superhelical location SHL(–1) by adjusting the nucleosome in favor of the forward progression. They suppress pausing at SHL(–5) by preventing the stable RNAPII-nucleosome interaction. Thus, the EC overcomes the nucleosomal barriers while providing a platform for various chromatin functions.

scholarly journals Nus transcription elongation factors and RNase III modulate small ribosome subunit biogenesis inEscherichia coli

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Bubunenko ◽  
Donald L. Court ◽  
Abdalla Al Refaii ◽  
Shivalika Saxena ◽  
Alexey Korepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Inescherichia Coli ◽  
Elongation Factors ◽  
Rnase Iii

scholarly journals Synthetic transcription elongation factors license transcription across repressive chromatin

Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 358 (6370) ◽  
pp. 1617-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham S. Erwin ◽  
Matthew P. Grieshop ◽  
Asfa Ali ◽  
Jun Qi ◽  
Matthew Lawlor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factors ◽  
Repressive Chromatin

scholarly journals Evidence that Spt2/Sin1, an HMG-Like Factor, Plays Roles in Transcription Elongation, Chromatin Structure, and Genome Stability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1496-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amine Nourani ◽  
Francois Robert ◽  
Fred Winston
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Elongation Factors ◽  
Chromatin Dynamics ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Approaches To Study

ABSTRACT Spt2/Sin1 is a DNA binding protein with HMG-like domains that has been suggested to play a role in chromatin-mediated transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Previous studies have suggested models in which Spt2 plays an inhibitory role in the initiation of transcription of certain genes. In this work, we have taken several approaches to study Spt2 in greater detail. Our results have identified previously unknown genetic interactions between spt2Δ and mutations in genes encoding transcription elongation factors, including members of the PAF and HIR/HPC complexes. In addition, genome-wide and gene-specific chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses suggest that Spt2 is primarily associated with coding regions in a transcription-dependent fashion. Furthermore, our results show that Spt2, like other elongation factors, is required for the repression of transcription from a cryptic promoter within a coding region and that Spt2 is also required for repression of recombination within transcribed regions. Finally, we provide evidence that Spt2 plays a role in regulating the levels of histone H3 over transcribed regions. Taken together, our results suggest a direct link for Spt2 with transcription elongation, chromatin dynamics, and genome stability.

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