scholarly journals The conservation of poly-A-containing RNA during the dormant state of the moss Polytrichum commune

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1997-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Seibert ◽  
K. Loris ◽  
J. Zollner ◽  
B. Frenzel ◽  
R. K. Zahn
Keyword(s):  
Dormant State ◽  
Polytrichum Commune

Triggers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer McKitrick
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Condition ◽  
Dormant State ◽  
Regress Problem

A disposition’s trigger is its circumstances of manifestation or stimulus condition. Examples of triggers include striking, stretching, and submerging in water. Some argue that no dispositions have triggers. However, such a view leaves it unclear how dispositions can be testable or action guiding. Furthermore, triggers are events, and events involve an object acquiring a property. This leads to a regress problem for pandispositionalism, the view that all properties are dispositions. Some dispositions need a stimulus in order to manifest, and some do not. Dispositions that manifest spontaneously and those that are constantly manifesting do not have triggers. However, some dispositions have a latent or dormant state, and only manifest in certain circumstances.

scholarly journals Searching Algorithm of Dormant Node in Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Feng ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Guofa Guo
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Delaunay Triangulation ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
Dormant State ◽  
Important Nodes

In wireless sensor networks, the nodes around the base station have higher energy consumption due to the forwarding task of all the detected data. In order to balance the energy consumption of the nodes around the base station, a reasonable and effective mechanism of node rotation dormancy is put forward. In this way, a large number of redundant nodes in the network are in a dormant state, so as to reduce the load of important nodes around the base station. The problems of the redundant nodes in the sensor network are analyzed, and a new method is proposed to distinguish the redundant nodes based on local Delaunay triangulation and multi node election dormancy mechanism. The experimental results showed that this method could effectively distinguish the redundant nodes in the network; at the same time, through the multi round election mechanism, parts of redundant nodes are made dormant. In summary, they can reduce the network energy consumption on the condition of guaranteeing the original coverage.

scholarly journals The tumor dormant state. Comparison of L5178Y cells used to establish dormancy with those that emerge after its termination.

1979 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
K J Weinhold ◽  
D A Miller ◽  
E F Wheelock
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Cell Subpopulation ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Dormant State ◽  
Quantitative Absorption ◽  
Tumor Outgrowth ◽  
In Vivo Growth

The tumor dormant state established in L5178Y immunized and challenged mice is characterized by a prolonged period of clinical normalcy followed by rapid tumor outgrowth. The tumor cells which emerged after termination of the tumor dormant state had abnormal marker chromosomes identical to those in the L5178Y cells used in the original challenge inoculum, indicating that the emergent tumor cells were progeny of the challenge inoculum. Original and emergent L5178Y cells had equivalent in vivo growth rates, when inoculated into normal DBA/2 mice. The emergent L5178Y cells were less susceptible than original cells to in vitro lysis by tumor dormant PC. Original and emergent L5178Y cells expressed common tumor-associated target antigens for cytolytic effector cells. Both modulation and masking of these target antigens were ruled out as mechanisms for decreased susceptibility to cell-mediated cytolysis. Immunofluorescence revealed heterogeneity in tumor-associated antigen expression within both original and emergent cell populations, with a decreased intensity of staining in the emergent population. Both populations were equally susceptible to lysis by alloimmune cells, alloantiserum, and anti-Thy 1.2 serum, but emergent cells were less susceptible to lysis by serum directed against L5178Y TAA. Quantitative absorption revealed that the emergent L5178Y cells expressed eightfold less serologically detectable TAA than the original cells. These findings indicate that the host immune response developing during establishment of the tumor dormant state selects a stable tumor cell subpopulation which expresses decreased amounts of surface tumor-associated target antigens.

Studies on Moss Spores. VI. Production of Carotenoids in Germinating Polytrichum commune Spores

1977 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pirjo Karunen ◽  
Anitta Ihantola
Keyword(s):  
Polytrichum Commune

scholarly journals Microenvironment-mediated cancer dormancy: Insights from metastability theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. e2111046118
Author(s):  
Sadra Bakhshandeh ◽  
Carsten Werner ◽  
Peter Fratzl ◽  
Amaia Cipitria
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Droplet Growth ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Dormant State ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Cancer Dormancy ◽  
Thermodynamic Phase

Dormancy is an evolutionarily conserved protective mechanism widely observed in nature. A pathological example is found during cancer metastasis, where cancer cells disseminate from the primary tumor, home to secondary organs, and enter a growth-arrested state, which could last for decades. Recent studies have pointed toward the microenvironment being heavily involved in inducing, preserving, or ceasing this dormant state, with a strong focus on identifying specific molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. Increasing evidence now suggests the existence of an interplay between intracellular as well as extracellular biochemical and mechanical cues in guiding such processes. Despite the inherent complexities associated with dormancy, proliferation, and growth of cancer cells and tumor tissues, viewing these phenomena from a physical perspective allows for a more global description, independent from many details of the systems. Building on the analogies between tissues and fluids and thermodynamic phase separation concepts, we classify a number of proposed mechanisms in terms of a thermodynamic metastability of the tumor with respect to growth. This can be governed by interaction with the microenvironment in the form of adherence (wetting) to a substrate or by mechanical confinement of the surrounding extracellular matrix. By drawing parallels with clinical and experimental data, we advance the notion that the local energy minima, or metastable states, emerging in the tissue droplet growth kinetics can be associated with a dormant state. Despite its simplicity, the provided framework captures several aspects associated with cancer dormancy and tumor growth.

The Tumor Dormant State

1981 ◽  
pp. 107-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Frederick Wheelock ◽  
Kent J. Weinhold ◽  
Judith Levich
Keyword(s):  
Dormant State
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