scholarly journals Parallel evaluation of doxorubicin-induced genetic damage in human lymphocytes and sperm using the comet assay and spectral karyotyping

Mutagenesis ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Spectral Karyotyping ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Parallel Evaluation

Assessment of Genetic Damage Among Chewers of Mixture Containing Mainly Areca Nut and Tobacco

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 852-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayur S Joshi ◽  
Yogendra Verma ◽  
Anil K. Gautam ◽  
Vijay K. Shivgotra ◽  
Girish Parmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Tail Moment ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Cells With Micronuclei ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis

Chewing mixture containing areca nut and tobacco is believed to be associated with oral cancer. Habit of chewing such mixture is prevalent among South Asian countries. This study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effect of areca nut and tobacco on human lymphocytes. Peripheral blood from 107 subjects (nonchewers, 48; chewers, 59, including 20 subjects with oral submucous fibrosis [OSMF]) analyzed by cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) and alkaline comet assay. Nuclear anomalies, namely, binucleated cells with micronuclei (BN MN), total MN, nucleoplasmic bridge, and nuclear buds were higher in chewers whereas elevation in BN MN and total MN were significant among subjects with OSMF than nonchewers. DNA damage assessed by comet assay showed increased percentage of Tail DNA, Tail moment, and Olive tail moment among chewers as well as OSMF subjects. Significant positive correlation was observed between induction of CBMN and consumption of quids per day ( r = .280, P = .033). Results suggested cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of mixture containing areca nut and tobacco.

scholarly journals Migration Groups: A Poorly Explored Point of View for Genetic Damage Assessment Using Comet Assay in Human Lymphocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4094
Author(s):  
Mónica Reynoso-Silva ◽  
Carlos Álvarez-Moya ◽  
Rafael Ramírez-Velasco ◽  
Alexis Gerardo Sámano-León ◽  
Erandi Arvizu-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Methyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Genotoxic Agents

A new point of view for genetic damage assessment using the comet assay is proposed based on the number of migration groups, the number of comets in each group, and the groups with the highest number of comets. Human lymphocytes were exposed to different concentrations of Methyl Methane Sulfonate (MMS), Maleic Hydrazide (MH), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), and N-nitroso diethylamine (NDEA). Using comet assay, the migration means of the comets were determined and later grouped arbitrarily in migration groups with no higher differences than 1 µc. The number of migration groups, the number of comets in each group, and the groups with the highest number of comets (modes) were determined. All four of the genotoxic agents studied showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the tail length and the number of migration groups compared to the negative control. The number of migration groups did not show a significant variation between the four-genotoxic agents nor within their different concentrations. However, the comparison of the modes did show differences between the genotoxic agents, but not within the concentrations of a same genotoxic agent, which indicated a determined chemical interaction on the DNA. These parameters can improve the detection of genetic damage associated with certain genotoxic agents.

scholarly journals Antigenotoxic and antimutagenic activities of Psittacanthus calyculatus (Loranthaceae) leaves water extract

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Silva ◽  
Carlos Moya ◽  
Juan Landeros-Gutierrez ◽  
Pedro Garcia-López ◽  
Mario Ruiz-López
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations

Mistletoe (<i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i>) is used for the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases. Samples of leaves from <i>P. calyculatus</i> were collected in April of 2019, and prepared an aqueous extract. The extract was lyophilized, and its polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins content were determined. Then, concentrations of lyophilized extract were prepared (5, 50 and 100 ppm) and assessed their antigenotoxic, antimutagenic and genotoxicity activities in human lymphocytes were evaluated using the comet assay system. The dry aqueous extract contained 73.54 mg of polyphenols AGE per g sample, 39.37 mg of flavonoid CE per g, and 0.1 mg of anthocyanins Cy-3-gluc E per g. No significant genotoxic activity was observed, with the exception of the concentration of 100 ppm at 10 hours of exposure (p <0.05). There was also significant (p <0.05) antigenotoxic and antimutagenic activity (p <0.05). Clearly, low concentrations and short-duration exposures to lyophilized <i>P. calyculatus</i> do not induce genetic damage; however, high concentrations are genotoxic. The antigenotoxic and antimutagenic effects were due to a protective effect not only against induced DNA damage but also against basal genetic damage.

DNA damage assessment by comet assay of human lymphocytes exposed to jet propulsion fuels

2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawna M. Jackman ◽  
Geraldine M. Grant ◽  
Christopher J. Kolanko ◽  
David A. Stenger ◽  
Joginder Nath
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Jet Propulsion

Genotoxicity of honeybee venom in human lymphocytes using Comet assay

2008 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. S104
Author(s):  
Goran Gajski ◽  
Vera Garaj-Vrhovac
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Honeybee Venom

scholarly journals Paracoccidioidomycosis: no genetic damage in human peripheral blood cells of patients assessed by single-cell gel (comet) assay

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Aparecida Martinez Antunes Ribeiro-Vieira ◽  
Daniel Araki Ribeiro ◽  
Daisy Maria Favero Salvadori ◽  
Sílvio Alencar Marques
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Cells ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Systemic Fungal Infection ◽  
Dna Breakage

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic fungal infection caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. As infectious diseases can cause DNA damage, the authors aimed at analyzing DNA breakage in peripheral blood cells of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis by using the comet assay. The results suggested that paracoccidioidomycosis does not cause genotoxicity.

Imatinib (STI571) Induces DNA Damage in BCR/ABL-Expressing Leukemic Cells but Not in Normal Lymphocytes.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4353-4353
Author(s):  
Janusz Blasiak ◽  
Jozef Drzewoski ◽  
Tomasz Poplawski ◽  
Agnieszka Czechowska
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
K562 Cells ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Dna Glycosylase ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Strand Breaks

Abstract Imatinib (STI571) is a 2-phenylaminopyrimidine derivative used mostly in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia. It targets specifically the BCR/ABL oncogenic tyrosine kinase, inhibiting its activity. Using the alkaline comet assay we showed that STI571 at concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 2 μM induced DNA damage in human leukemic K562 cells expressing the BCR/ABL oncogene, whereas it had no effect in normal human lymphocytes. Because the extent of DNA damage observed in the neutral and pH 12.1 versions of the comet assay was much lesser than in the alkaline version, we concluded that the drug induced DNA alkali-labile sites rather than strand breaks. Imatinib did not induce DNA strand breaks in the direct interaction with DNA as examined by the plasmid relaxation assay. K562 cells were unable to repair H2O2-induced DNA damage during a 120-min incubation, if they had been preincubated with STI571, whereas normal lymphocytes did so within 60 min. Pre-treatment of K562 cells with vitamins A, C and E reduced the extent of DNA damage evoked by STI571. Similar results brought experiments with the nitrone spin traps POBN and PBN, suggesting that free radicals may be involved in the formation of DNA lesions induced by STI571 in K562 cells. These cells exposed to imatinib and treated with endonuclease III, formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase and 3-methyladenine-DNA glycosylase II, the enzymes recognizing oxidized and alkylated bases, displayed greater extent of DNA damage than those not treated with these enzymes.

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