scholarly journals Ultrasound assessment of sarcopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Yoshida ◽  
Yoshitaka Kumon ◽  
Naoko Takamatsu ◽  
Taiki Nozaki ◽  
Masataka Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Discriminative Performance ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve Analysis ◽  
Ultrasound Assessment

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound (US) as a diagnostic tool for sarcopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Female RA patients aged >50 years and matched controls were cross-sectionally assessed. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the 2019-updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia definition. The cross-sectional area (CSA) and echo intensity (EI) of the biceps brachii, rectus femoris, and EI of the vastus lateralis were examined bilaterally. Correction for subcutaneous fat and calculation of the recorrected EI (rcEI) were performed. We performed logistic regression using both muscle rcEI and CSA with receiver operating curve analysis to evaluate the discriminative performance per muscle group. Results Seventy-eight consecutive RA patients and 15 age-and sex-matched controls were assessed. Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 34 RA patients (43.6%). The rcEI of examined muscles were significantly higher, whereas CSA were significantly lower in sarcopenic RA patients than in non-sarcopenic patients and matched controls. The combined discriminative performance of rcEI and CSA was superior to those of rcEI or CSA alone. Conclusions This study suggests the use of US for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in RA patients. The diagnostic performance increases when both echogenicity and CSA are considered together rather than individually.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status Assessment in ICU Patients Using Ultrasound Imaging of Muscles and Subcutaneous Fat

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
R. E. Lakhin ◽  
M. V. Nikitin ◽  
E. Yu. Strukov ◽  
A. A. Emelyanov ◽  
A. G. Klimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Ultrasound Assessment

Ultrasound imaging of muscles and subcutaneous fat has been used in recent years to assess the nutritional status, but there are no common approaches for selecting muscles for it.The aim of the study was to examine the variability of thickness of different muscles and subcutaneous fat using ultrasonography to identify optimal cutaneous and muscle landmarks for the assessment of nutritional status.Materials and methods. It was a prospective observational study with participation of 14 patients. All patients underwent ultrasound examination of thickness of the following muscles: m. rectus femoris; m. tibialis anterior; m. biceps brachii; m. deltoideus and m. sternocleidomastoideus, as well as the thickness of skin and subcutaneous fat over the muscles. The ultrasound assessment was done on admission to ICU, on days 7, 14, 21, 28, 42. On days 7, 14 and 21 the intravenous load test of 1000 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution was performed. On days 5 and 10 the test with the patients in the lateral decubitus position was carried out.Results. We found that m. tibialis anterior changed its size when patients were turned laterally by 2%, m. deltoideus by 6%, m. sternocleidomastoideus by 10%, m. rectus femoris by 20.5%, and m. biceps brachii by 26%. After infusion of 1,000 ml of 0,9% sodium chloride solution, the variability of m. tibialis anterior size was 2%, m. deltoideus 2%, m. sternocleidomastoideus 6%, m. biceps brachii 8%, m. rectus femoris 12%.The thickness of subcutaneous fat over m. biceps brachii and m. rectus femoris changed more than the anteroposterior size of the muscles (P<0.05).Conclusion. The m. deltoideus and m. tibialis anterior are optimal for ultrasound assessment of the nutritional status because their size is less affected by the patient's positioning and infusion therapy. Intravenous fluid infusion increases the variability of subcutaneous fat thickness.

Age-, sex-, and region-specific differences in skeletal muscle size and quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 1253-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt S. Stock ◽  
Dustin J. Oranchuk ◽  
Adam M. Burton ◽  
David C. Phan
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proximal Site ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness

Ultrasonography-derived cross-sectional area (CSA) and echo intensity (EI) are increasingly utilized by investigators to study muscle size and quality, respectively. We sought to examine age, sex, and region (proximal, middle, distal) differences in vastus lateralis and rectus femoris CSA and EI, and determine whether correction for subcutaneous fat thickness influences the magnitude of EI differences. Fifteen younger men (mean age = 23 years), 15 younger women (aged 21 years), 11 older men (aged 74 years), and 15 older women (aged 70 years) participated. Clear differences were observed among age, sex, and region for vastus lateralis CSA (p ≤ 0.013, d = 0.38–0.73), whereas rectus femoris CSA was only different between younger and older participants at the proximal region (p = 0.017, d = 0.65). Uncorrected EI was greatest at the distal region of both muscles (p < 0.001, d = 0.59–1.38), with only the younger men having significantly lower EI values than the other groups (p ≤ 0.043, d = 0.37–0.63). Subcutaneous fat correction resulted in a marked increase in the magnitude of sex-specific EI differences (p ≤ 0.032, d ≥ 0.42). Additionally, subcutaneous fat correction increased the uniformity of EI throughout the thigh. These findings highlight considerable region-specific differences in muscle size and quality among younger and older men and women and highlight the need to correct for subcutaneous fat thickness when examining EI. Novelty Rectus femoris CSA is similar between younger and older adults except at the most proximal site evaluated. Age- and sex-specific differences in uncorrected EI are nonuniform across the thigh. Correction for subcutaneous fat thickness substantially increased EI in women, resulting in greater sex differences.

Muscle-specific atrophy of the quadriceps femoris with aging

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 2070-2074 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Trappe ◽  
D. M. Lindquist ◽  
J. A. Carrithers
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Vastus Intermedius ◽  
Aging Men ◽  
Old Men

We examined the size of the four muscles of the quadriceps femoris in young and old men and women to assess whether the vastus lateralis is an appropriate surrogate for the quadriceps femoris in human studies of aging skeletal muscle. Ten young (24 ± 2 yr) and ten old (79 ± 7 yr) sedentary individuals underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the quadriceps femoris after 60 min of supine rest. Volume (cm3) and average cross-sectional area (CSA, cm2) of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus intermedius (VI), vastus medialis (VM), and the total quadriceps femoris were decreased ( P < 0.05) in older compared with younger women and men. However, percentage of the total quadriceps femoris taken up by each muscle was similar ( P > 0.05) between young and old (RF: 10 ± 0.3 vs. 11 ± 0.4; VL: 33 ± 1 vs. 33 ± 1; VI: 31 ± 1 vs. 31 ± 0.4; VM: 26 ± 1 vs. 25 ± 1%). These results suggest that each of the four muscles of the quadriceps femoris atrophy similarly in aging men and women. Our data support the use of vastus lateralis tissue to represent the quadriceps femoris muscle in aging research.

scholarly journals Regional and muscle-specific adaptations in knee extensor hypertrophy using flywheel versus conventional weight-stack resistance exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 827-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy R. Lundberg ◽  
Maria T. García-Gutiérrez ◽  
Mirko Mandić ◽  
Mats Lilja ◽  
Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proximal Site ◽  
Before And After

This study compared the effects of the most frequently employed protocols of flywheel (FW) versus weight-stack (WS) resistance exercise (RE) on regional and muscle-specific adaptations of the knee extensors. Sixteen men (n = 8) and women (n = 8) performed 8 weeks (2–3 days/week) of knee extension RE employing FW technology on 1 leg (4 × 7 repetitions), while the contralateral leg performed regular WS training (4 × 8–12 repetitions). Maximal strength (1-repetition maximum (1RM) in WS) and peak FW power were determined before and after training for both legs. Partial muscle volume of vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), vastus intermedius (VI), and rectus femoris (RF) were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Additionally, quadriceps cross-sectional area was assessed at a proximal and a distal site. There were no differences (P > 0.05) between FW versus WS in muscle hypertrophy of the quadriceps femoris (8% vs. 9%), VL (10% vs. 11%), VM (6% vs. 8%), VI (5% vs. 5%), or RF (17% vs. 17%). Muscle hypertrophy tended (P = 0.09) to be greater at the distal compared with the proximal site, but there was no interaction with exercise method. Increases in 1RM and FW peak power were similar across legs, yet the increase in 1RM was greater in men (31%) than in women (20%). These findings suggest that FW and WS training induces comparable muscle-specific hypertrophy of the knee extensors. Given that these robust muscular adaptations were brought about with markedly fewer repetitions in the FW compared with WS, it seems FW training can be recommended as a particularly time-efficient exercise paradigm.

scholarly journals Changes in muscle ultrasound for the diagnosis of intensive care unit acquired weakness in critically ill patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqing Zhang ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Qiuying Gu ◽  
Yanting Gu ◽  
Yujin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Apache Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
The Right ◽  
Muscle Ultrasound

AbstractTo test diagnostic accuracy of changes in thickness (TH) and cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle ultrasound for diagnosis of intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICU-AW). Fully conscious patients were subjected to muscle ultrasonography including measuring the changes in TH and CSA of biceps brachii (BB) muscle, vastus intermedius (VI) muscle, and rectus femoris (RF) muscles over time. 37 patients underwent muscle ultrasonography on admission day, day 4, day 7, and day 10 after ICU admission, Among them, 24 were found to have ICW-AW. Changes in muscle TH and CSA of RF muscle on the right side showed remarkably higher ROC-AUC and the range was from 0.734 to 0.888. Changes in the TH of VI muscle had fair ROC-AUC values which were 0.785 on the left side and 0.779 on the right side on the 10th day after ICU admission. Additionally, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Acute Physiology, and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores also showed good discriminative power on the day of admission (ROC-AUC 0.886 and 0.767, respectively). Ultrasonography of changes in muscles, especially in the TH of VI muscle on both sides and CSA of RF muscle on the right side, presented good diagnostic accuracy. However, SOFA and APACHE II scores are better options for early ICU-AW prediction due to their simplicity and time efficiency.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF LOCAL VIBROSTIMULATION ON ELECTROMYOGRAPHY PARAMETERS IN ROWERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Kalvis Ciekurs ◽  
Viesturs Krauksts ◽  
Daina Krauksta ◽  
Baiba Smila ◽  
Aivars Kaupuzs
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Moving Speed

Local vibrostimulation (further in text - LV) is innovation as a part of training method that helps athletes to regain the power and get ready for next training faster. There are many discussions about how to increase moving speed in rowers. Many scientists research the possibilities of increasing moving speed in this sport. The following methods were used in the study: tests – Concept-2, LV manipulations, electromyography and mathematical statistics. The electromyography was made with Biometric LTD. LV manipulations were done to the muscles erector spinae, latisimus dorsi, teres major, teres minor, trapezius, infraspinatus, deltoideus, slenius capitis, triceps brachii, gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, semimembranosus, castrocnemius, tendo calcaneus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, tensor fascia latae, vastus medialis, sarterius, ligamentum patellae, tibialis anterior, rectus abdominis, pectoralis major and biceps brachii. We using 100 Hz frequency, 2 – 4 mm amplitude and different pressure on the muscles. The total LV application time was 5 to 20  min. The obtained data were processed using mathematical statistics. The results: having stated the result difference before LV and after it. The results testify significant improvement of Concept-2 tests results and electromyography results, what is showed by the difference of the mean results. Comparing the results of the rowers of EG and CG they have differences in the left side muscle latissimus dorsi after the t-test where p>0.05, but stating the percentage of the mean result difference of this muscle it was found out that p>0.05 what also shows significant changes in the muscle biopotential (mV).

scholarly journals DeepACSA: Automatic segmentation of anatomical cross-sectional area in ultrasound images of human lower limb muscles using deep learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Ritsche ◽  
Philipp Wirth ◽  
Neil Cronin ◽  
Fabio Sarto ◽  
Marco Narici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Manual Analysis

Background: Muscle anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA) is an important parameter that characterizes muscle function and helps to classify the severity of several muscular disorders. Ultrasound is a patient friendly, fast and cheap method of assessing muscle ACSA, but manual analysis of the images is laborious, subjective and requires thorough experience. To date, no open access and fully automated program to segment ACSA in ultrasound images is available. On this basis, we present DeepACSA, a deep learning approach to automatically segment ACSA in panoramic ultrasound images of the human rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius medialis (GM) and lateralis (GL) muscles. Methods: We trained convolutional neural networks using 1772 ultrasound images from 153 participants (25 females, 128 males; mean age = 38.2 years, range: 13-78) captured by three experienced operators using three distinct devices. We trained three muscle-specific models to detect ACSA. Findings: Comparing DeepACSA analysis of the RF to manual analysis resulted in intra-class correlation (ICC) of 0.96 (95% CI 0.94,0.97), mean difference of 0.31 cm2 (0.04,0.58) and standard error of the differences (SEM) of 0.91 cm2 (0.47,1.36). For the VL, ICC was 0.94 (0.91,0.96), mean difference was 0.25 cm2 (-0.21,0.7) and SEM was 1.55 cm2 (1.13,1.96). The GM/GL muscles demonstrated an ICC of 0.97 (0.95,0.98), a mean difference of 0.01 cm2 (-0.25, 0.24) and a SEM of 0.69 cm2 (0.52,0.83). Interpretation: DeepACSA provides fast and objective segmentation of lower limb panoramic ultrasound images comparable to manual segmentation and is easy to implement both in research and clinical settings. Inaccurate model predictions occurred predominantly on low-quality images, highlighting the importance of high image quality for accurate prediction.

Skeletal Muscle Composition and Glucose Levels in Children Who Are Overweight and Obese

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Trent J. Herda ◽  
Philip M. Gallagher ◽  
Jonathan D. Miller ◽  
Matthew P. Bubak ◽  
Mandy E. Parra
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
First Dorsal Interosseous ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Composition ◽  
Glucose Levels

Background: Skeletal muscle is overlooked in the realm of insulin resistance in children who are overweight and obese despite the fact that it accounts for the most glucose disposal. Objectives: Therefore, this study examined fasted glucose levels and muscle cross-sectional area and echo intensity (EI) via ultrasound images of the first dorsal interosseous, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris in children who are normal weight and overweight and obese aged 8–10 years. Methods: In total, 13 males (age = 9.0 [0.7] y) and 7 females (age = 9.0 [0.8] y) volunteered for this study. Independent samples t tests and effect sizes (ESs) were used to examine potential differences in skeletal muscle composition and glucose concentrations. Results: There were no significant differences between groups for glucose concentration (P = .07, ES = 0.86); however, the children who were overweight and obese had significantly greater EI (P < .01, ES = 0.98–1.63) for the first dorsal interosseous, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris and lower cross-sectional area when normalized to EI when collapsed across muscles (P < .04, ES = 0.92). Glucose concentrations correlated with EI and cross-sectional area/EI for the vastus lateralis (r = .514 to −.593) and rectus femoris (r = .551 to −.513), but not the first dorsal interosseous. Discussion: There is evidence that adiposity-related pathways leading to insulin resistance and skeletal muscle degradation are active in young children who are overweight and obese.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Lower Limb Muscles’ Electromyographic Activity during the Leg Press Exercise and Its Variants: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4626
Author(s):  
Isabel Martín-Fuentes ◽  
José M. Oliva-Lozano ◽  
José M. Muyor
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Full Extension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leg Press

The aim of this study was to analyze the literature on muscle activation measured by surface electromyography (sEMG) of the muscles recruited when performing the leg press exercise and its variants. The Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to report this review. The search was carried out using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases. The articles selected met the following inclusion criteria: (a) a cross-sectional or longitudinal study design; (b) neuromuscular activation assessed during the leg press exercise, or its variants; (c) muscle activation data collected using sEMG; and (d) study samples comprising healthy and trained participants. The main findings indicate that the leg press exercise elicited the greatest sEMG activity from the quadriceps muscle complex, which was shown to be greater as the knee flexion angle increased. In conclusion, (1) the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis elicited the greatest muscle activation during the leg press exercise, followed closely by the rectus femoris; (2) the biceps femoris and the gastrocnemius medialis showed greater muscular activity as the knee reached full extension, whereas the vastus lateralis and medialis, the rectus femoris, and the tibialis anterior showed a decreasing muscular activity pattern as the knee reached full extension; (3) evidence on the influence of kinematics modifications over sEMG during leg press variants is still not compelling as very few studies match their findings.

scholarly journals Resistance training with different repetition duration to failure: effect on hypertrophy, strength and muscle activation

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10909
Author(s):  
Lucas Túlio Lacerda ◽  
Rodrigo Otávio Marra-Lopes ◽  
Marcel Bahia Lanza ◽  
Rodrigo César Ribeiro Diniz ◽  
Fernando Vitor Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emg Amplitude

Background This study investigated the effects of two 14-week resistance training protocols with different repetition duration (RD) performed to muscle failure (MF) on gains in strength and muscle hypertrophy as well as on normalized electromyographic (EMG) amplitude and force-angle relationships. Methods The left and right legs of ten untrained males were assigned to either one of the two protocols (2-s or 6-s RD) incorporating unilateral knee extension exercise. Both protocols were performed with 3–4 sets, 50–60% of the one-repetition maximum (1RM), and 3 min rest. Rectus femoris and vastus lateralis cross-sectional areas (CSA), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) at 30o and 90o of knee flexion and 1RM performance were assessed before and after the training period. In addition, normalized EMG amplitude-angle and force-angle relationships were assessed in the 6th and 39th experimental sessions. Results The 6-s RD protocol induced larger gains in MVIC at 30o of knee angle measurement than the 2-s RD protocol. Increases in MVIC at 90o of knee angle, 1RM, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis CSA were not significant between the 2-s and 6-s RD protocols. Moreover, different normalized EMG amplitude-angle and force-angle values were detected between protocols over most of the angles analyzed. Conclusion Performing longer RD could be a more appropriate strategy to provide greater gains in isometric maximal muscle strength at shortened knee positions. However, similar maximum dynamic strength and muscle hypertrophy gains would be provided by protocols with different RD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document