scholarly journals In vivo Studies on the Roles of Tic55-Related Proteins in Chloroplast Protein Import in Arabidopsis thaliana

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1397-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Boij ◽  
Ramesh Patel ◽  
Christel Garcia ◽  
Paul Jarvis ◽  
Henrik Aronsson
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Protein Import ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Chloroplast Protein Import ◽  
Chloroplast Protein ◽  
Related Proteins

scholarly journals In vivo studies on the roles of Tic110, Tic40 and Hsp93 during chloroplast protein import

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Kovacheva ◽  
Jocelyn Bédard ◽  
Ramesh Patel ◽  
Penny Dudley ◽  
David Twell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Import ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Chloroplast Protein Import ◽  
Chloroplast Protein

scholarly journals Methionine and Arginine Supply Alters Abundance of Amino Acid, Insulin Signaling, and Glutathione Metabolism-Related Proteins in Bovine Subcutaneous Adipose Explants Challenged with N-Acetyl-d-sphingosine

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2114
Author(s):  
Yusheng Liang ◽  
Nana Ma ◽  
Danielle N. Coleman ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Protein Abundance ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

The objective was to perform a proof-of-principle study to evaluate the effects of methionine (Met) and arginine (Arg) supply on protein abundance of amino acid, insulin signaling, and glutathione metabolism-related proteins in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) explants under ceramide (Ce) challenge. SAT from four lactating Holstein cows was incubated with one of the following media: ideal profile of amino acid as the control (IPAA; Lys:Met 2.9:1, Lys:Arg 2:1), increased Met (incMet; Lys:Met 2.5:1), increased Arg (incArg; Lys:Arg 1:1), or incMet plus incArg (Lys:Met 2.5:1 Lys:Arg 1:1) with or without 100 μM exogenous cell-permeable Ce (N-Acetyl-d-sphingosine). Ceramide stimulation downregulated the overall abundance of phosphorylated (p) protein kinase B (AKT), p-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and p-eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2). Without Ce stimulation, increased Met, Arg, or Met + Arg resulted in lower p-mTOR. Compared with control SAT stimulated with Ce, increased Met, Arg, or Met + Arg resulted in greater activation of mTOR (p-mTOR/total mTOR) and AKT (p-AKT/total AKT), with a more pronounced response due to Arg. The greatest protein abundance of glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) was detected in response to increased Met supply during Ce stimulation. Ceramide stimulation decreased the overall protein abundance of the Na-coupled neutral amino acid transporter SLC38A1 and branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK). However, compared with controls, increased Met or Arg supply attenuated the downregulation of BCKDK induced by Ce. Circulating ceramides might affect amino acid, insulin signaling, and glutathione metabolism in dairy cow adipose tissue. Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm the role of rumen-protected amino acids in regulating bovine adipose function.

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