A Talmudic norms approach to many-valued logic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Lethen
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Sorites Paradox ◽  
Planning Techniques ◽  
The Third ◽  
Logical Term ◽  
Truth Value

Abstract In three-valued logic, the third truth-value is often interpreted as undefined. However, the value of a logical term may be well defined if its ‘history’ is taken into account. Following this approach, the analogy to the Sorites paradox meets the eye, which in turn has recently been addressed by means of a ‘Talmudic Norms’ approach. This paper thus lays bare a religious contribution to the field of many-valued logic and implements a simplified dynamic model for the theory of Talmudic mixtures—and, thus, for the outlined Sorites logic—using standard AI search and planning techniques.

scholarly journals RANCANG BANGUN KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGN BUDIDAYA LELE MELALUI PENDEKATAN MODEL DINAMIK

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Budi Wardono ◽  
Prayudi Budi Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Local Production ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
The Third ◽  
Local Product ◽  
Aquaculture Production ◽  
Potential Land

Lele merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan ekonomis penting yang mendapat prioritasdalam Program Minapolitan Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, terutama di Kabupaten Gunungkidul.Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2011 yang berlokasi di Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.Tujuan penelitian adalah menyusun model kebijakan pengembangan perikanan budidaya Ikan Leleuntukmendukung produksi perikanan budidaya melalui pendekatan model dinamik. Teknik analisisini berasumsi bahwa apabila sistem perikanan dipertahankan, permintaan Ikan Lele akan mengalamikenaikan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa permintaan meningkat dan puncaknya terjadi pada tahunke 4. Sementara itu, pasokan dari luar daerah terus meningkat pada tahun ke 4 hingga ke 10. Fluktuasiharga terjadi, tahun ke 3 hHarga lele mengalami penurunan akibat banyaknya produksi lokal terjadi padatahun ke-3., namun pPada tahun ke 5 harga mengalami kenaikan akibat kekurangan pasokan. Olehkarena itu, diperlukan kebijakan peningkatan produktivitas dan pendapatan usaha budidaya lele denganmemanfaatkan lahan-lahan potensial maupun meningkatan produktifitas usaha.Title: Constructive Design for Catfish Aquaculture DevelopmentPolicy Through Dynamic Model ApproachCatfish is one of the priority product of fisheries commodity in “Minapolitan” Program introducedby the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, particularly in Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta Province.The study was conducted during 2011 to 2012. .This study aimed to construct the policy model for Catfishaquaculture development to support aquaculture production by using dynamic modelling approache.Technique analysis assumed that Catfish demand will increase when existing fisheries system could bemaintained. Finding shows that the demand sharply increased on the fourth year of project. Meanwhile,Catfish supply from other region would be increase on the fourth year and tenth year. Catfish price hasdecreased on the third year due to over supply of local production. However, Catfish price increasedon the fifth year due to less supply of the local product. Therefore, appropriate strategies needed toencourage increased productivity and farmers income by revitalize the potential land and increasebusiness productivity.

Building a Dynamic Model of Community Knowledge Sharing

2011 ◽  
pp. 812-819
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Informal Learning ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
The Third ◽  
Informal Communities ◽  
The Third Sector ◽  
Community Space

Many case studies have been undertaken about how informal, sponsored, and supported communities of practice operate within private and public sector organizations. To date, however, no examination has been made of how informal communities of practice operate within the third sector, the sector of community, and voluntary organizations. The third sector has a long history of using community space, in various forms, either physical or notional, to engage individuals in discourse and informal learning. The rise of the network society has added value to this process by allowing active individuals to personalize networks through the use of technologies which enhance communication. The third sector is now demonstrating that individuals and groups are seeking to create open access knowledge-sharing spaces which attempt to combine face-to-face networks with computer-mediated communications to support informal learning between community development practitioners. This article examines the role of Sunderland Community Development Network in the creation of informal communities of practice. It pays particular attention to three key areas: 1. Community space: How core, active, peripheral, and transactional community spaces within third sector partnerships create an ebb and flow of informal communities of practice. 2. Personalized networking: How issue-based activity, inside and outside communities, can lead to the rapid appearance and disappearance of informal communities of practice. 3. Knowledge-sharing space: How core members of a third sector organization can create a dynamic model of roles within informal communities of practice capable of impacting upon processes of governance beyond the organization.

Normality operators and classical recapture in many-valued logic

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-683
Author(s):  
Roberto Ciuni ◽  
Massimiliano Carrara
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Final Part ◽  
The Third ◽  
Truth Value ◽  
Formal Behaviour ◽  
Classical Truth

AbstractIn this paper, we use a ‘normality operator’ in order to generate logics of formal inconsistency and logics of formal undeterminedness from any subclassical many-valued logic that enjoys a truth-functional semantics. Normality operators express, in any many-valued logic, that a given formula has a classical truth value. In the first part of the paper we provide some setup and focus on many-valued logics that satisfy some (or all) of the three properties, namely subclassicality and two properties that we call fixed-point negation property and conservativeness. In the second part of the paper, we introduce normality operators and explore their formal behaviour. In the third and final part of the paper, we establish a number of classical recapture results for systems of formal inconsistency and formal undeterminedness that satisfy some or all the properties above. These are the main formal results of the paper. Also, we illustrate concrete cases of recapture by discussing the logics $\mathsf{K}^{\circledast }_{3}$, $\mathsf{LP}^{\circledast }$, $\mathsf{K}^{w\circledast }_{3}$, $\mathsf{PWK}^{\circledast }$ and $\mathsf{E_{fde}}^{\circledast }$, that are in turn extensions of $\mathsf{{K}_{3}}$, $\mathsf{LP}$, $\mathsf{K}^{w}_{3}$, $\mathsf{PWK}$ and $\mathsf{E_{fde}}$, respectively.

Transcategoriality and isolating languages

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-38
Author(s):  
Danh Thành Do-Hurinville ◽  
Huy Linh Dao
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Inflectional Morphology ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linguistic Activity

Abstract In the first part, we show that the notion of transcategoriality, which is present in several types of languages (inflectional, isolating, agglutinative), serves to reconcile two antinomic forces of human linguistic activity: to satisfy cognitive-communicative needs and to limit the effort/to optimise linguistic systems. In the second part, we first examine our triangular dynamic model which comprises three macro-categories, namely lexeme, grammeme, pragmateme, and then, we discuss the differences between these three macro-categories. In the third and last part, we argue for the existence of transcategoriality in Vietnamese, an isolating language without inflectional morphology. We will discuss this issue by analyzing some markers such as: thành công, đẹp, mới, thì, and mà.

Building a Dynamic Model of Community Knowledge Sharing

2011 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Informal Learning ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
The Third ◽  
Informal Communities ◽  
The Third Sector ◽  
Community Space

Many case studies have been undertaken about how informal, sponsored, and supported communities of practice operate within private and public sector organizations. To date, however, no examination has been made of how informal communities of practice operate within the third sector, the sector of community, and voluntary organizations. The third sector has a long history of using community space, in various forms, either physical or notional, to engage individuals in discourse and informal learning. The rise of the network society has added value to this process by allowing active individuals to personalize networks through the use of technologies which enhance communication. The third sector is now demonstrating that individuals and groups are seeking to create open access knowledge-sharing spaces which attempt to combine face-to-face networks with computer-mediated communications to support informal learning between community development practitioners. This article examines the role of Sunderland Community Development Network in the creation of informal communities of practice. It pays particular attention to three key areas: 1. Community space: How core, active, peripheral, and transactional community spaces within third sector partnerships create an ebb and flow of informal communities of practice. 2. Personalized networking: How issue-based activity, inside and outside communities, can lead to the rapid appearance and disappearance of informal communities of practice. 3. Knowledge-sharing space: How core members of a third sector organization can create a dynamic model of roles within informal communities of practice capable of impacting upon processes of governance beyond the organization.

Study on Tractor-Semitrailer Shimmy of High Speed

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 7420-7424
Author(s):  
Mei Zhi Xie ◽  
Bei Li ◽  
Chao Yi Wei ◽  
Feng Yan Yi
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Fourth Order ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Original Model ◽  
The Third

Through the establishment of dynamic model of tractor-semitrailer, calculate its transfer function. In the case of the third and fourth state of balanced coefficient is very small in the original model, the model of the tractor-semitrailer of fourth-order drop for second-order using MATLAB-modred () function and balreal () function, seek of relationship between damping ratio and the speed of tractor-semitrailer, The results show that: the tractor-semitrailer shimmy of high-speed is speed inversely proportional to the damping ratio, the higher the speed, the smaller the damping ratio, and thus more likely to shock and shimmy.

scholarly journals A puzzle about accommodation and truth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Ball ◽  
Torfinn Thomesen Huvenes
Keyword(s):  
Tentative Conclusion ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Future ◽  
Truth Value

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present and discuss a puzzle involving accommodation. The puzzle is based on three assumptions. The first assumption is that accommodation takes place after an utterance. The second assumption is that accommodation can make a difference to the truth-value of an utterance even if the utterance is not about the future. The third assumption is that something that takes place after an utterance cannot make a difference to the truth-value of the utterance unless the utterance is about the future. Since these assumptions are jointly inconsistent, one of them must be false. The question is which one we ought to reject. The majority of the discussion is devoted to discussing each of the options, and the tentative conclusion is that the most plausible strategy is to reject the third thesis. That amounts to saying that something that takes place after an utterance can make a difference to the truth-value of the utterance even if the utterance is not about the future.

scholarly journals Why are myths true: Plato on the veracity of myths

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-451
Author(s):  
Irina Deretic ◽  
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Epistemic Status ◽  
Divine Nature ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ethical Norms ◽  
Truth Value ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Real State ◽  
Remote Past

Distinguishing myths in terms of their veracity had almost been neglected in Plato’s studies. In this article, the author focuses on Plato’s controversial claims about the truth-status of myths. An attempt is made to elucidate what he really had in mind when assessing the veracity of myths. The author claims that Plato, while discussing the epistemic status of myths, actually distinguished three kinds of myths in regard to what they narrate. Additionally, it is argued that he endorses three different kinds of truth value for myths: they can be either true or false, probable, or factually false but conveying some valuable truths. In the Republic II and III, Plato implicitly distinguishes the truth value of theological myths from the truth value of aetiological and normative ones, each of which are explained in detail in the article. In Plato’s view, the theological myths can be either true or false, because he determines the divine nature a priori. When ascribing the probable character to myths, Plato has in mind mostly aetiological myths. Given that we are unable to establish the truths on the origins and development of many phenomena, because they originated in the remote past, what we can do is to reconstruct plausible and consistent myths of these phenomena, which, among others, might contain the arguments and even proofs, such as the proof of the cosmic destruction in Plato’s own myth in the Politicus. In the third case, when Plato says that myths are lies, yet containing some truth, he had in mind myths which might be the product of our imagination like eschatological myths, for example. Being a kind of fiction, they are false, in the sense they do not correspond to any real state of affairs. Since they convey profound ethical norms or religious insights, they can be regarded as true.

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