scholarly journals Interactive effects of soil water deficit and air vapour pressure deficit on mesophyll conductance to CO2 in Vitis vinifera and Olea europaea

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 2391-2405 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Perez-Martin ◽  
J. Flexas ◽  
M. Ribas-Carbó ◽  
J. Bota ◽  
M. Tomás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Mesophyll Conductance ◽  
Olea Europaéa

Warming alters the positive impact of elevated CO2 concentration on cotton growth and physiology during soil water deficit

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina J. Broughton ◽  
Renee A. Smith ◽  
Remko A. Duursma ◽  
Daniel K. Y. Tan ◽  
Paxton Payton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Whole Plant

Alterations in climate factors such as rising CO2 concentration ([CO2]), warming and reduced precipitation may have significant impacts on plant physiology and growth. This research investigated the interactive effects of elevated [CO2], warming and soil water deficit on biomass production, leaf-level physiological responses and whole-plant water use efficiency (WUEP) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Cotton was grown in the glasshouse under two [CO2] treatments (CA, 400 µL L–1; CE, 640 µL L–1) and two temperature treatments (TA, 28°C : 17°C day : night; TE, 32°C : 21°C day : night). Plants were subjected to two progressive water deficit cycles, with a 5-day recovery period between the water deficit periods. CE increased vegetative biomass and photosynthetic rates, and decreased stomatal conductance in TA; however, these responses to CE were not evident under TE. CE increased whole-plant water loss under TA, but increased WUEp, whereas increased whole-plant water loss in TE decreased WUEp regardless of atmospheric [CO2]. CE may provide some positive growth and physiological benefits to cotton at TA if sufficient water is available but CE will not mitigate the negative effects of rising temperature on cotton growth and physiology in future environments.

Physiological trade-offs of stomatal closure under high evaporative gradients in field grown soybean

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Medina ◽  
Matthew E. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Trade Offs

Limited rainfall is the main constraint to agriculture, making agricultural research to understand plant behaviour that leads to avoidance of soil water deficit a matter of priority. One focus has screened for crop varieties that decrease stomatal conductance under high vapour pressure deficit (VPD), a proxy for the leaf evaporative gradient. However, the link between stomatal closure and physiological consequences in field environments is not yet clear. A field experiment on soybeans demonstrated that considerable variation in leaf temperature relative to air temperature occurred, leading to evaporative gradients differing substantially from VPD. Thus, transpiration is decreased by stomatal closure at high VPD, but to compensate, transpiration is somewhat increased due to higher leaf temperatures. Soil water deficit led to lower stomatal conductance, particularly under low evaporative conditions, not just under hot conditions. Non-stomatal photosynthetic limitations were observed due to combined occurrence of stomatal closure and high temperature under high VPD. Although leaves reached temperatures higher than the threshold for a decrease in maximum photochemical efficiency, and displayed non-stomatal photosynthetic limitations, no photoinhibition or damage was observed by night-time. The results demonstrate that more understanding of physiological strategies for achieving altered water use is needed to avoid trade-offs and heat stress.

scholarly journals Interactive effects of warming and water deficit on Shiraz vine transpiration in the Barossa Valley, Australia

OENO One ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Bonada ◽  
Ignacio Buesa ◽  
Martin A Moran ◽  
Victor O Sadras
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Thermal Dissipation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Canopy Size

Anticipating vineyard irrigation requirements in future climates is of strategic importance to maintain sustainability and wine regional identity. In the context of worldwide warming and climate-driven shifts in amount and seasonality of rainfall, we investigate the interactive effects of warming and water deficit on vine transpiration. Transpiration of Shiraz vines was measured with thermal dissipation sap flow probes in a factorial experiment combining two thermal (heated with open-top chambers and control at ambient temperature) and two water regimes (wet and dry). Increased vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and canopy size in heated vines led to higher transpiration rates in irrigated vines during the first season. However, faster depletion of soil water by highly transpiring vines, followed by insufficient soil water replenishment by rain and irrigation, resulted in a negative feedback on vine transpiration the following season when heated vines were more water stressed than controls. The effect of warming was thus reversed the second season, with higher transpiration under ambient temperature. Therefore, dry soil, we suggest, could over-ride the effect of warming on the other variables driving transpiration (VPD, canopy size, and possibly stomatal conductance). Water scheduling will need to incorporate increased water demand under elevated temperature to maintain grapevine production in the long term.

scholarly journals Interactive effects of elevated CO2, O3, and soil water deficit on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Nandu)

Agronomie ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 677-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen Hudak ◽  
Jürgen Bender ◽  
Hans-Joachim Weigel ◽  
Joseph Miller
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Soil Water Deficit

scholarly journals ENSO Drives interannual variation of forest woody growth across the tropics

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1760) ◽  
pp. 20170410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami W. Rifai ◽  
Cécile A. J. Girardin ◽  
Erika Berenguer ◽  
Jhon del Aguila-Pasquel ◽  
Cecilia A. L. Dahlsjö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Woody Growth

Meteorological extreme events such as El Niño events are expected to affect tropical forest net primary production (NPP) and woody growth, but there has been no large-scale empirical validation of this expectation. We collected a large high–temporal resolution dataset (for 1–13 years depending upon location) of more than 172 000 stem growth measurements using dendrometer bands from across 14 regions spanning Amazonia, Africa and Borneo in order to test how much month-to-month variation in stand-level woody growth of adult tree stems (NPP stem ) can be explained by seasonal variation and interannual meteorological anomalies. A key finding is that woody growth responds differently to meteorological variation between tropical forests with a dry season (where monthly rainfall is less than 100 mm), and aseasonal wet forests lacking a consistent dry season. In seasonal tropical forests, a high degree of variation in woody growth can be predicted from seasonal variation in temperature, vapour pressure deficit, in addition to anomalies of soil water deficit and shortwave radiation. The variation of aseasonal wet forest woody growth is best predicted by the anomalies of vapour pressure deficit, water deficit and shortwave radiation. In total, we predict the total live woody production of the global tropical forest biome to be 2.16 Pg C yr −1 , with an interannual range 1.96–2.26 Pg C yr −1 between 1996–2016, and with the sharpest declines during the strong El Niño events of 1997/8 and 2015/6. There is high geographical variation in hotspots of El Niño–associated impacts, with weak impacts in Africa, and strongly negative impacts in parts of Southeast Asia and extensive regions across central and eastern Amazonia. Overall, there is high correlation ( r = −0.75) between the annual anomaly of tropical forest woody growth and the annual mean of the El Niño 3.4 index, driven mainly by strong correlations with anomalies of soil water deficit, vapour pressure deficit and shortwave radiation. This article is part of the discussion meeting issue ‘The impact of the 2015/2016 El Niño on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications’.

Relation of Soil Water Deficit, Involved by Precipitation and Corn Yield on Vinkovci Area (Eastern Croatia)

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-296
Author(s):  
M. Jurišić ◽  
Ž. Vidaček ◽  
Ž. Bukvić ◽  
D. Brkić ◽  
R. Emert
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Soil Water Deficit

Water use by winter wheat as affected by soil management

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Goss ◽  
K. R. Howse ◽  
Judith M. Vaughan-Williams ◽  
M. A. Ward ◽  
W. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Potential Yield

SummaryIn each of the years from September 1977 to July 1982 winter wheat was grown on one or more of three clay soil sites (clay content 35–55%) in Oxfordshire where the climate is close to the average for the area of England growing winter cereals.The effects on crop water use of different soil management practices, including ploughing, direct drilling and subsoil drainage, are compared. Cultivation treatment had little effect on the maximum depth of water extraction, which on average in these clay soils was 1·54 m below the soil surface. Maximum soil water deficit was also little affected by cultivation; the maximum recorded value was 186±7·6 mm. Subsoil drainage increased the maximum depth of water extraction by approximately 15 cm and the maximum soil water deficit by about 17 mm.Generally soil management had little effect on either total water use by the crop which was found to be close to the potential evaporation estimated by the method of Penman, or water use efficiency which for these crops was about 52 kg/ha par mm water used.Results are discussed in relation to limitations to potential yield.

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