̓ΑΡΙΣΤΟΝ ΜEΝ ̔ΥΔΩΡ: ANCIENT BREAKFASTS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF EUCHARISTIC FOODS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair C Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Sunday Morning ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Roman Antiquity ◽  
Standard Breakfast

Abstract Although there is evidence for eucharistic celebration in the context of an evening cena in the earliest period, this celebration comes to be transferred to the morning, particularly to Sunday morning. This might bring about significant change in the celebration, part of which might lie in the foods employed, and their quantities. On the basis of an examination of the evidence for daytime eating in Graeco-Roman antiquity, the suggestion is made that eucharistic foods employed in many circles subsequently seen as deviant were standard breakfast foods, and that abstinence from wine reflects this context. Thus the use of water in the eucharist, rather than denoting an ascetic bent in some early Christian circles, simply reflects the transfer of the eucharistic meal from the evening to the morning.

Early Christian Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-225
Author(s):  
Anke Walter
Keyword(s):  
Human History ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Christian Literature ◽  
Roman Antiquity ◽  
Power Of God

The aetiological formulae observed throughout Greek and Roman antiquity remain well and alive even beyond the transition from Classical to Christian antiquity. In Prudentius’ Peristephanon 2, the aetion around which the poem is centred provides the site for the conversion of the poem itself and its turn towards heaven, but it no longer establishes an exclusive connection between past and present. It shares this function with typological parallels, which privilege similarity over chronological order. The aetion embodies the position of Prudentius and his fellow Christians in time: still bound to this world with its sense of chronology and beginnings, but already looking forward to the realm of God, when time in its usual sequentiality will no longer count and the true light of God will fully be seen. Orosius, by contrast, uses aetia as textual loci that encapsulate with particular clarity his vision of time and of God’s role in human history. They also become touchstones of faith, since they can only be fully understood by those who can see the truth and the working of God in this world. Aetia become powerful textual occasions on which Orosius memorably instructs his audience about the power of God, his wrath and constant punishment of sin. For him, aetia become part and parcel of his agenda as a Christian author.

Local antiquaries and the expansive sense of the past: a case study from Counter-Reformation Spain

2018 ◽  
pp. 167-189
Author(s):  
Katrina B. Olds
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
Text And Image ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
The Past ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
Roman Antiquity

In the seventeenth century, Spanish antiquarians collected inscriptions, coins, and other evidence of their community’s illustrious Christian origins, conflictive medieval past, and glorious present. Efforts to compile a suitable local history were particularly determined and prolific in the Andalusian diocese of Jaén, where two local enthusiasts of the past – Francisco de Rus Puerta and Martín Ximena Jurado – generated a voluminous body of manuscripts and printed books under the sponsorship of Jaén’s bishop. Like their counterparts elsewhere in Europe, Jaén’s antiquaries documented the past in both text and image, as the authors sketched coins, ruins in situ, and ongoing excavations for antiquities and saints’ relics. In these efforts, Greco-Roman antiquity played the handmaiden to the early Christian era, for it was of intense concern for Andalusian Catholics to prove that the Islamic invasion had not disrupted the region’s deep and essential Christian identity. In this way, ‘antiquity’ was a rather motley-coloured creature, encompassing not only the remains of Roman Hispania, but also including pre-Roman antiquities from Spain’s early Greek, Phoenician, and Celtiberian peoples, as well as Visigothic and some Islamic artefacts.

Music

2018 ◽  
pp. 264-281
Author(s):  
Jade B. Weimer
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Musical Performance ◽  
Instrumental Performance ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Roman Antiquity ◽  
Emotional Disposition

Music was a ubiquitous feature of life in Graeco-Roman antiquity and musical performance often took place in ritual settings. Singing and instrumental performance played a key role in many socio-religious contexts, including communal meals, religious ceremonies, and other social gatherings. Communal singing and instrumental performance were both vital components of many ritual practices and these performative acts served as an essential communicative medium for the expression of religious belief, emotional disposition, and group identity. Musical practice within the context of ritualized settings helped to reinforce a sense of unity within socio-religious groups and facilitated social cohesion among group members in Graeco-Roman, Israelite, and early Christian religious traditions of antiquity.

Obesity among adults in the United States: No statistically significant change since 2003-2004

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia L. Ogden ◽  
Margaret D. Carroll ◽  
Margaret A. McDowell ◽  
Katherine M. Flegal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significant Change

Presence and Possible Origin of ɛ(γ-Glutamyl)Lysine Isodipeptide in Human Plasma

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (01) ◽  
pp. 060-062 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Harsfalvi ◽  
E Tarcsa ◽  
M Udvardy ◽  
G Zajka ◽  
T Szarvas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽  
Normal Human Plasma ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Hplc Technique ◽  
Significant Change

Summaryɛ(γ-glutamyl)lysine isodipeptide has been detected in normal human plasma by a sensitive HPLC technique in a concentration of 1.9-3.6 μmol/1. Incubation of in vitro clotted plasma at 37° C for 12 h resulted in an increased amount of isodipeptide, and there was no further significant change when streptokinase was also present. Increased in vivo isodipeptide concentrations were also observed in hypercoagulable states and during fibrinolytic therapy.

On the Behaviour of a Human Serum Proactivator Reacting with Streptokinase during Artificial Activation of the Fibrinolytic System

1961 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 498-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Doleschel ◽  
W Auerswald
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Fibrinolytic System ◽  
Spontaneous Activation ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Artificial Activation ◽  
Activator System

SummaryDuring “spontaneous” activation of a human euglobulin preparation in suitably spaced samples — while plasminogen became progressively converted into piasmin — the proactivator content was tested by addition of equal amounts of streptokinase and evaluation of the lytic activities on heated and normal bovine fibrin plates. Indepedently of the decreasing content of plasminogen the proactivator which could be activated by streptokinase showed no significant change of concentration. These observation indicate that plasminogen is not acting as proactivator and that there exists a separate proactivator-activator system of the fibrinolytic mechanism in human serum.

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