Elastic fiber system evaluated in the digestive organ of rats

Microscopy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouji Inoue ◽  
Noriyuki Kuroda ◽  
Tetsuji Sato
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Elastic System ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Tissue Resistance ◽  
Oxytalan Fibers

Abstract According to our previous reports, the intraperiodontal elastic fiber system comprises oxytalan fibers, whereas all types of elastic system fibers are present in the gingiva. Much remains to be elucidated regarding the topographic development of the elastic fiber system that constitutes the walls of the digestive organs. This study aimed to examine the topographic development of the elastic fiber system in the periodontal tissue, oral cavity and digestive tract of rats at light- and electron microscopic levels. At embryonic day 20, in situ hybridization revealed the mRNA expression of tropoelastin in the putative gingival lamina propria but not in the dental follicle. At the postnatal stage, the masticatory mucous membrane of the gingiva and hard palate comprised three different types of elastic system fibers (oxytalan, elaunin and elastic fibers). Conversely, the elastic fiber system comprised elaunin and elastic fibers in other oral mucosae and the lining mucosae of digestive tract organs (the esophagus, stomach and small intestine). The findings of our study suggest that the elastic fiber system is mainly related to tissue resistance in the periodontal ligament and tissue elasticity in the oral mucosae without masticatory mucosae and the overlying mucosa of digestive tracts and both functions in the gingiva and hard palate, respectively. The appearance of elaunin fibers in the periodontium of rats aged 14 weeks suggests the expression of tropoelastin induced by mechanical stressors such as mastication. The intraperiodontal difference in the distribution of elaunin fibers suggests heterogeneity among fibroblasts constituting the periodontium.

scholarly journals Age related changes in the elastic fiber system of the interfoveolar ligament

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Luiz Quintas ◽  
Consuelo Junqueira Rodrigues ◽  
Hwan Yoo Jin ◽  
Aldo Junqueira Rodrigues Junior
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Tissue Resistance ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Oxytalan Fibers ◽  
Age Related Changes

In order to evaluate age related changes of the elastic fiber system in the interfoveolar ligament, we studied the deep inguinal ring from 33 male cadavers aged from stillborn to 76 years. Selective and alternated staining methods for elastic fibers were performed to differentiate oxytalan, elaunin, and mature elastic fibers. We confirmed quantitative changes of the elastic fiber system with aging. There was a significant and progressive reduction of the oxytalan fibers (responsible for tissue resistance) and a significant increment in the mature elastic and elaunin fibers (responsible for tissue elasticity). Furthermore, there were structural changes in the thickness, shortness and curling of these mature elastic fibers. These changes induced loss of the elastic fiber function and loss of the interfoveolar ligament compliance. These factors predispose individuals to the development of indirect inguinal hernias that frequently emerge in adults and aged individuals, especially above the fifth decade.

scholarly journals Association of elastin with oxytalan fibers of the dermis and with extracellular microfibrils of cultured skin fibroblasts.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1063-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Schwartz ◽  
R Fleischmajer
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Human Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Oxytalan Fibers

The formation of a mature elastic fiber is thought to proceed by the deposition of elastin on pre-existing microfibrils (10-12 nm in diameter). Immunohistochemical evidence has suggested that in developing tissues such as aorta and ligamentum nuchae, small amounts of elastin are associated with microfibrils but are not detected at the light microscopic and ultrastructural levels. Dermal tissue contains a complex elastic fiber system consisting of three types of fibers--oxytalan, elaunin, and elastic--which are believed to differ in their relative contents of microfibrils and elastin. According to ultrastructural analysis, oxytalan fibers contain only microfibrils, elaunin fibers contain small quantities of amorphous elastin, and elastic fibers are predominantly elastin. Using indirect immunofluorescence techniques, we demonstrate in this study that nonamorphous elastin is associated with the oxytalan fibers. Frozen sections of normal skin were incubated with antibodies directed against human aortic alpha elastin and against microfibrillar proteins isolated from cultured calf aortic smooth muscle cells. The antibodies to the microfibrillar proteins and elastin reacted strongly with the oxytalan fibers of the upper dermis. Oxytalan fibers therefore are composed of both microfibrils and small amounts of elastin. Elastin was demonstrated extracellularly in human skin fibroblasts in vitro by indirect immunofluorescence. The extracellular association of nonamorphous elastin and microfibrils on similar fibrils was visualized by immunoelectron microscopy. Treatment of these cultures with sodium dodecyl sulfate/mercaptoethanol (SDS/ME) solubilized tropoelastin and other proteins that reacted with the antibodies to the microfibrillar proteins. It was concluded that the association of the microfibrils with nonamorphous elastin in intact dermis and cultured human skin fibroblasts may represent the initial step in elastogenesis.

Lung tissue mechanics and extracellular matrix composition in a murine model of silicosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 1400-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora S. Faffe ◽  
Gabriela H. Silva ◽  
Pedro M. P. Kurtz ◽  
Elnara M. Negri ◽  
Vera L. Capelozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Elastic System ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Mechanics ◽  
Matrix Composition ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Oxytalan Fibers

The dynamic mechanical properties of lung tissue and its contents of collagen and elastic fibers were studied in strips prepared from mice instilled intratracheally with saline (C) or silica [15 (S15) and 30 days (S30) after instillation]. Resistance, elastance, and hysteresivity were studied during oscillations at different frequencies on S15 and S30. Elastance increased from C to silica groups but was similar between S15 and S30. Resistance was augmented from C to S15 and S30 and was greater in S30 than in S15 at higher frequencies. Hysteresivity was higher in S30 than in C and S15. Silica groups presented a greater amount of collagen than did C. Elastic fiber content increased progressively along time. This increment was related to the higher amount of oxytalan fibers at 15 and 30 days, whereas elaunin and fully developed elastic fibers were augmented only at 30 days. Silicosis led not only to pulmonary fibrosis but also to fibroelastosis, thus assigning a major role to the elastic system in the silicotic lung.

scholarly journals Histomorphometrical study of the elastic fiber system in the anterior cerebral artery of man

2000 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1040-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENATO PAULO CHOPARD ◽  
RENÊ GERHARD
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Segment Data ◽  
Cerebral Artery Aneurysm

The aim of the present study was to quantify the distribution of the elastic fiber system within the wall of the anterior cerebral artery. The study is based on the works of Glynn (1940) and Stehbens (1989) concerning the incidence and origin of brain aneurysms and recent studies of the elastic fibers. The anterior cerebral artery was divided into three segments, S1, S2 and S3: S1 corresponds to the origin of the anterior cerebral artery, S2 is located at the junction of the anterior cerebral artery with the anterior communicating artery, and S3 at the junction of the rostrum and genu of the corpus callosum,which were submitted to routine histological procedures. A histomorphometrical study was undertaken using an estimation of the linear density (Ld) of the components of the fibrous elastic system which evaluates their full length in each segment. Data were analyzed using first order linear regression methods. The results show a decreasing quantity of elastic fibers in the three segments (S1>S2>S3). Study of the elastic fiber system may originate new concepts regarding the genesis of cerebral artery aneurysm.

scholarly journals Stereological study of the elastic fiber and smooth muscle cell system in the bovine and buffalo penis

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilma C.A. Ribeiro ◽  
Marcelo Abidu-Figueiredo ◽  
Fabíola B. Costa ◽  
Marco A. Pereira-Sampaio ◽  
Maurício A. Chagas
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Elastic System ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Corpus Spongiosum ◽  
Significant Difference

Samples of ten penises of Mediterranean buffaloes and ten penises of Red Sindhi cattle were used. The thickness of the tunica albuginea (TA), distribution of smooth muscle cells (SMC) and volume density (Vv) of elastic system fibers in TA, corpus cavernosum (CC) and corpus spongiosum (CS) were evaluated. The Vv of elastic system fibers in buffalo and bovine penis was respectively 4.07% ±0.88% and 3.36% ±1.21% in TA; 17.32% ±2.21% and 13.14% ±1.27% (CC), 26.58% ±4.31% and 31.36% ±3.67% (CS). The CC of buffalo presented higher Vv of elastic fibers than bovine, while in the CS the Vv of elastic fibers in buffaloes was smaller than in cattle. The TA thickness showed a significant difference among the species studied. The arrangement of SMC in the bovine penises and in the water buffalo suggests that this pattern is common to animals that have fibroelastic penises.

An increase of elastic tissue fibers in blood vessel walls of placental stem villi and differences in the thickness of blood vessel walls in third trimester pre-eclampsia pregnancies

Open Medicine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Baran ◽  
Mehmet Tuncer ◽  
Yusuf Nergiz ◽  
Murat Akkuş ◽  
Mahmut Erdemoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Elastic Tissue ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Terminal Villi ◽  
Vessel Walls ◽  
Stem Villi

AbstractThis study has goals of examining whether pre-eclampsia may lead to an increase of elastic tissue fibers in blood vessel walls of placental stem villi or whether there are differences in the thickness of blood vessel walls within these villi when compared to normotensive pregnant women. Non-infarcted placental tissue samples from 28 participants with uncomplicated pregnancies and 26 patients with pre-eclampsia were obtained. After routine histological procedures, the sections were processed either for conventional Verhoeff staining for the demonstration of elastic fiber system. Paraffine sections from placenta biopsies prepared for light microscopic examination were gathered. In uncomplicated pregnancies, terminal villi blood vessels were observed with no stained elastic tissue fibers in most areas. In the pre-eclampsia pregnancy of human placenta, the elastic fibers significiantly increased in terminal villi blood vessel walls which were dark in color, using Verhoeff’s tissue stain, when comparing with the uncomplicated pregnancy group. Our results indicate that an increase of elastic tissue fibers in blood vessels of placental stem villus and terminal villi, and also an increase of wall thickness during pre-eclampsia.

scholarly journals Beyond muscles: Role of intramuscular connective tissue elasticity and passive stiffness in the octopus arm muscle function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Di Clemente ◽  
Federica Maiole ◽  
Irene Bornia ◽  
Letizia Zullo
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Length Change ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Resistance To Deformation ◽  
Arm Motion ◽  
And Control

The octopus arm is a ‘one of a kind’ muscular hydrostat, as demonstrated by its high maneuverability and complexity of motions. It is composed of a complex array of muscles and intramuscular connective tissue, allowing force and shape production. In this study, we investigated the organization of the intramuscular elastic fibers in two main muscles composing the arm bulk: the longitudinal (L) and the transverse (T) muscles. We assessed their contribution to the muscles’ passive elasticity and stiffness and inferred their possible roles in limb deformation. First, we performed confocal imaging of whole arm samples and provided evidence of a muscle-specific organization of elastic fibers (more chaotic and less coiled in T than in L). We next show that in an arm at rest, L muscles are maintained under 20% compression and T muscles under 30% stretching. Hence, tensional stresses are inherently present in the arm and affect the strain of elastic fibers. Because connective tissue in muscles is used to transmit stress and store elastic energy, we investigated the contribution of elastic fibers to passive forces using step-stretch and sinusoidal length-change protocols. We observed a higher viscoelasticity of L and a higher stiffness of T muscles, in line with their elastic fiber configurations. This suggests that L might be involved in energy storage and damping, while T in posture maintenance and resistance to deformation. The elastic fiber configuration thus supports the specific role of muscles during movement and may contribute to the mechanics, energetic and control of arm motion.

scholarly journals Experimental poisoning by Senecio brasiliensis in calves: quantitative and semi-quantitative study on changes in the hepatic extracellular matrix and sinusoidal cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Bersane A.M. Torres ◽  
Kunie I.R. Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Type I ◽  
Collagen Types ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Sinusoidal Cells ◽  
Total Collagen

Extracellular matrix plays an important role in chronic hepatic lesions and has been studied in experimental intoxication models. However in cattle, studies on chronic disease have focused on the hepatocellular damage and extracellular matrix (ECM) changes are usually overlooked. There are no specific studies on the hepatic ECM in either normal or chronically damaged bovine liver. Thus an experimental model of hepatic toxicity model using Senecio brasiliensis poisoned calves was designed. Senecio brasiliensis contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids which cause either acute or chronic progressive dose dependent liver damage. Five calves were orally fed with 0.38g of dry leaves of S. brasiliensis/kg/day for 24 days. Liver needle biopsy specimens were obtained every 15 days for 60 days. Clinical signs of digestive complications appeared at 3rd week. One calf died on 45th day and four were evaluated up to 60th day. Biopsy samples were processed for routine light microscopy, immuno-histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. From 30th day on progressive liver damage characterized by hepatocellular ballooning, necrosis, apoptosis and megalocytosis, centrilobular, pericellular and portal fibrosis were seen by light microscopy. Quantitative and semi-quantitative measurements of hepatic ECM components were performed before and after the onset of lesions. Morphometric analysis of total collagen and elastic fiber system was conducted. Total collagen and I and III collagen types progressively increased in throughout the liver of affected calves. Changes in location, amount and disposition of the elastic fiber system were also observed. Then numbers of Kupffer cells were significantly increased at 30th day and total numbers of sinusoidal cells were significantly increased at 45th and 60th days. Liver damage was progressive and irreversible even after the exposure to the plant was discontinued. Severe fibrotic lesions occurred mainly in portal tracts, followed by veno-occlusive and pericellular fibrosis. Collagen types I and III s were present in every normal and damaged liver, with predominance of type I. In affected calves the increase of total collagen and elastic fibers system paralleled the number of total sinusoidal cells.

scholarly journals Fibrillin, a new 350-kD glycoprotein, is a component of extracellular microfibrils.

1986 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 2499-2509 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Y Sakai ◽  
D R Keene ◽  
E Engvall
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Metabolic Labeling ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Characteristic Appearance

A new connective tissue protein, which we call fibrillin, has been isolated from the medium of human fibroblast cell cultures. Electrophoresis of the disulfide bond-reduced protein gave a single band with an estimated molecular mass of 350,000 D. This 350-kD protein appeared to possess intrachain disulfide bonds. It could be stained with periodic acid-Schiff reagent, and after metabolic labeling, it contained [3H]glucosamine. It could not be labeled with [35S]sulfate. It was resistant to digestion by bacterial collagenase. Using mAbs specific for fibrillin, we demonstrated its widespread distribution in the connective tissue matrices of skin, lung, kidney, vasculature, cartilage, tendon, muscle, cornea, and ciliary zonule. Electron microscopic immunolocalization with colloidal gold conjugates specified its location to a class of extracellular structural elements described as microfibrils. These microfibrils possessed a characteristic appearance and averaged 10 nm in diameter. Microfibrils around the amorphous cores of the elastic fiber system as well as bundles of microfibrils without elastin cores were labeled equally well with antibody. Immunolocalization suggested that fibrillin is arrayed periodically along the individual microfibril and that individual microfibrils may be aligned within bundles. The periodicity of the epitope appeared to match the interstitial collagen band periodicity. In contrast, type VI collagen, which has been proposed as a possible microfibrillar component, was immunolocalized with a specific mAb to small diameter microfilaments that interweave among the large, banded collagen fibers; it was not associated with the system of microfibrils identified by the presence of fibrillin.

scholarly journals Characterization of an In Vitro Model of Elastic Fiber Assembly

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3595-3605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce W. Robb ◽  
Hiroshi Wachi ◽  
Theresa Schaub ◽  
Robert P. Mecham ◽  
Elaine C. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Fiber Assembly ◽  
Mammalian Expression ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Vitro Model

Elastic fibers consist of two morphologically distinct components: elastin and 10-nm fibrillin-containing microfibrils. During development, the microfibrils form bundles that appear to act as a scaffold for the deposition, orientation, and assembly of tropoelastin monomers into an insoluble elastic fiber. Although microfibrils can assemble independent of elastin, tropoelastin monomers do not assemble without the presence of microfibrils. In the present study, immortalized ciliary body pigmented epithelial (PE) cells were investigated for their potential to serve as a cell culture model for elastic fiber assembly. Northern analysis showed that the PE cells express microfibril proteins but do not express tropoelastin. Immunofluorescence staining and electron microscopy confirmed that the microfibril proteins produced by the PE cells assemble into intact microfibrils. When the PE cells were transfected with a mammalian expression vector containing a bovine tropoelastin cDNA, the cells were found to express and secrete tropoelastin. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopic examination of the transfected PE cells showed the presence of elastic fibers in the matrix. Biochemical analysis of this matrix showed the presence of cross-links that are unique to mature insoluble elastin. Together, these results indicate that the PE cells provide a unique, stable in vitro system in which to study elastic fiber assembly.

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