scholarly journals Insect Vectors and Current Management Strategies for Diseases Caused by Xylella fastidiosa in the Southern United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Overall ◽  
Eric J. Rebek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Insect Vectors ◽  
Current Management

scholarly journals Social Vulnerability to Climate-Sensitive Hazards in the Southern United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T. Emrich ◽  
Susan L. Cutter
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Strategic Initiatives ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Spatial Impacts

Abstract The southern United States is no stranger to hazard and disaster events. Intense hurricanes, drought, flooding, and other climate-sensitive hazards are commonplace and have outnumbered similar events in other areas of the United States annually in both scale and magnitude by a ratio of almost 4:1 during the past 10 years. While losses from climate-sensitive hazards are forecast to increase in the coming years, not all of the populations residing within these hazard zones have the same capacity to prepare for, respond to, cope with, and rebound from disaster events. The identification of these vulnerable populations and their location relative to zones of known or probably future hazard exposure is necessary for the development and implementation of effective adaptation, mitigation, and emergency management strategies. This paper provides an approach to regional assessments of hazards vulnerability by describing and integrating hazard zone information on four climate-sensitive hazards with socioeconomic and demographic data to create an index showing both the areal extent of hazard exposure and social vulnerability for the southern United States. When examined together, these maps provide an assessment of the likely spatial impacts of these climate-sensitive hazards and their variability. The identification of hotspots—counties with elevated exposures and elevated social vulnerability—highlights the distribution of the most at risk counties and the driving factors behind them. Results provide the evidentiary basis for developing targeted strategic initiatives for disaster risk reduction including preparedness for response and recovery and longer-term adaptation in those most vulnerable and highly impacted areas.

Tropical Spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis): A Tropical Invader Threatens Agroecosystems of the Southern United States

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore M. Webster ◽  
Michael G. Burton ◽  
A. Stanley Culpepper ◽  
Alan C. York ◽  
Eric P. Prostko
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Commelina Benghalensis ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Environmental Limits ◽  
Benghal Dayflower

Tropical spiderwort (more appropriately called Benghal dayflower) poses a serious threat to crop production in the southern United States. Although tropical spiderwort has been present in the United States for more than seven decades, only recently has it become a pest in agricultural fields. Identified as an isolated weed problem in 1999, tropical spiderwort became the most troublesome weed in Georgia cotton by 2003. Contributing to the significance of tropical spiderwort as a troublesome weed is the lack of control afforded by most commonly used herbicides, especially glyphosate. Vegetative growth and flower production of tropical spiderwort were optimized between 30 and 35 C, but growth was sustained over a range of 20 to 40 C. These temperatures are common throughout much of the United States during summer months. At the very least, it appears that tropical spiderwort may be able to co-occur with cotton throughout the southeastern United States. The environmental limits of tropical spiderwort have not yet been determined. However, the rapid spread through Georgia and naturalization in North Carolina, coupled with its tolerance to current management strategies and aggressive growth habit, make tropical spiderwort a significant threat to agroecosystems in the southern United States.

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