scholarly journals Spotty Data: Managing International Leopard (Panthera pardus) Trophy Hunting Quotas Amidst Uncertainty

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie Trouwborst ◽  
Andrew J Loveridge ◽  
David W Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Adaptive Approach ◽  
International Dimension ◽  
Trophy Hunting ◽  
Hunting Quotas ◽  
The Way

Abstract Leopard (Panthera pardus) conservation has a strong international dimension. Hunting trophy export quotas established for African range states under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) are a case in point. We test these quotas, and the methods for their establishment, against the benchmark of the general principles of precaution, sustainable use and adaptive management. The various national approaches and the CITES regime condoning them largely fail this test. For decades, CITES bodies have endorsed apparently arbitrary quotas lacking robust scientific bases, without regular adjustment. Thus, the quotas have been inadequately performing their assigned function within the Convention’s framework. The way in which the CITES leopard quota regime has been operating is fundamentally at odds with the principles of sustainable use, precaution and adaptive management. To remedy this, we offer recommendations on how to embed a science-based, sustainable, precautionary and adaptive approach to quota-setting within the CITES system.

scholarly journals LOS MAMÍFEROS DEL ESTADO DE YUCATÁN

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Enrique Sosa Escalante ◽  
Silvia Hernández Betancourt ◽  
Juan Manuel Pech Canché ◽  
M. Cristina MacSwiney G. ◽  
Raúl Díaz Gamboa
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
The Status ◽  
Systematic List

ResumenCon el propósito de contribuir con la iniciativa de elaborar un documento que uniformice la información taxonómica de todas las entidades federativas de México, en este trabajo se presenta la lista sistemática actualizada de los mamíferos del estado de Yucatán. En el estado hay 128 especies, 97 géneros, 29 subfamilias, 37 familias y 13 órdenes. Los ordenes más ricos en especies son Chiroptera, Cetacea y Rodentia y los géneros con mayor número de especies Balaenoptera y Stenella. En cuanto a su distribución, 21 especies son endémicas de Mesoamérica y seis de México. En el estado se distribuyen 51 especies catalogadas en riesgo por la normativa mexicana, 38 incluidas en la Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas y 15 amenazadas a nivel global. En el trabajo se plantea la importancia de relacionar su diversidad y distribución con los instrumentos legales diseñados para su protección, conservación y aprovechamiento sustentable.Palabras clave: Distribución, endemismo, lista sistemática, mastozoología, riesgo, riqueza.AbstractThis paper synthetize the current systematic list of the mammals of Yucatan, recognizing a total of 128 species, 97 genera, 29 subfamilies, 37 families and 13 orders. The most diverse orders are Chiroptera, Cetacea, and Rodentia, while the genera with the highest numbers of species are Balaenoptera and Stenella. In terms of distribution, 21 species are endemic to Mesoamerica and six to Mexico. In Yucatan, there are 51 species listed as being at risk under Mexican legislation, while 38 are included in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species and 15 are threatened globally. The status of the knowledge of the mammals of Yucatan is established and the importance of relating their diversity and distribution to existing legal instruments designed for their protection, conservation and sustainable use is proposed. Key words: Distribution, endemism, mammalogy, richness, risk, systematic list.

An Introduction to Adaptive Management for Threatened and Endangered Species

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Runge
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Adaptive Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Threatened And Endangered Species ◽  
Management Challenge

Abstract Management of threatened and endangered species would seem to be a perfect context for adaptive management. Many of the decisions are recurrent and plagued by uncertainty, exactly the conditions that warrant an adaptive approach. But although the potential of adaptive management in these settings has been extolled, there are limited applications in practice. The impediments to practical implementation are manifold and include semantic confusion, institutional inertia, misperceptions about the suitability and utility, and a lack of guiding examples. In this special section of the Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, we hope to reinvigorate the appropriate application of adaptive management for threatened and endangered species by framing such management in a decision-analytical context, clarifying misperceptions, classifying the types of decisions that might be amenable to an adaptive approach, and providing three fully developed case studies. In this overview paper, I define terms, review the past application of adaptive management, challenge perceived hurdles, and set the stage for the case studies which follow.

scholarly journals Population status of Heptner's markhor Capra falconeri heptneri in Tajikistan: challenges for conservation

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Michel ◽  
Tatjana Rosen Michel ◽  
Abdusattor Saidov ◽  
Khalil Karimov ◽  
Munavvar Alidodov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Illegal Hunting ◽  
Trophy Hunting ◽  
Disjunct Populations

AbstractHeptner's markhor Capra falconeri heptneri is an Endangered wild goat occurring in disjunct populations in southern Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Surveys to determine the total population in Tajikistan were conducted during February–April 2012. A total of 1,018 animals were observed. In most areas, which include state protected areas and family- and community-based conservancies, markhor populations are stable or increasing. Threats include illegal hunting, habitat degradation, competition with livestock and disease transmission. To motivate conservancies economically to protect markhor populations, trophy hunting should be permitted to accommodate the sustainable use of markhor, with revenues distributed in a transparent and equitably shared manner.

scholarly journals Masters of Wine on Twitter: presence, activity, impact and community structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88
Author(s):  
Enrique Orduña-Malea ◽  
Cristina I. Font-Julian ◽  
José Antonio Ontalba-Ruipérez ◽  
Raúl Compés-López
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Credible Information ◽  
Do So ◽  
The Way

Globalisation, the Internet and social media have changed the kind of actors with influence in the wine industry and the way these actors create signals to communicate credible information about experience and trust attributes. Among the most prestigious experts in the world of wine are the Masters of Wine (MW). Although initially devoted to international trade, they have spread their activities and their opinion is more and more appreciated by producers and consumers. The main objective of this article is to determine this community of experts’ behaviour on Twitter. In order to do so, four factors (presence, activity, impact and community) have been considered. All Twitter profiles belonging to users awarded with the MW qualification were identified and analysed. In addition, a set of 35,653 tweets published by the MWs were retrieved and analysed through descriptive statistics. The results show MWs on Twitter as high attractors (number of followers), moderate publishers (original contents published), moderate influencers (number of likes and retweets), and low interactors (number of friends and mentions to other users). These findings reveal that the MW community is not using Twitter to gain or reinforce their reputation as an accredited expert in the wine industry, giving more influential space on Twitter to consumers and amateurs.

scholarly journals Pengaruh BAP Dan NAA Terhadap Waktu Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kantong Semar(Nepenthes adrianii) Secara In-Vitro

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egi Nuryadin
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Endangered Species

Nepenthes adrianii (Kantong Semar) merupakan tanaman endemik khas Gunung Slamet, termasuk da-lam Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species(CITES).Salahsatu potensi Nepenthes adrianii sebagai pengendali se-rangga dan tanaman obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1)menentukan konsentrasi interaksi BAP dan NAA yang paling baik dan waktu munculnya untuktunas, akar dan daun. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental.Tahap munculnya tunas, akar dan daunmenggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor I adalah kon-sentrasi BAP yang terdiri dari 4taraf yaitu0μM, 5 μM, 10 μM, dan 15 μM, Faktor II konsentrasi NAAyang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu yaitu 0μM, 0,5 μM, 1 μM, dan 1,5 μM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perkecambahan biji tanaman Nepenthes adrianii dengan menggunakan media Vacin and Went (VW) dengan penambahan konsentrasi BAP 4 Mdan perlakuan interaksi BAP 10 M dan NAA 0,5Madalah waktu yang paling cepat dalam muncul tunas, akar dan daun.

scholarly journals Increasing game prices may alter farmers’ behaviours towards leopards (Panthera pardus) and other carnivores in South Africa

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara J. Pirie ◽  
Rebecca L. Thomas ◽  
Mark D.E. Fellowes
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Trophy Hunting ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Financial Losses ◽  
Game Animals

Human-carnivore conflict occurs globally, particularly in regions where large carnivores predate livestock. Retaliatory killings do occur, and although predation of livestock by carnivores happens, losses from other factors such as disease or injury can be misattributed because of landowner perceptions. Game farming for both trophy hunting and eco-tourism is becoming increasingly common in South Africa, and there has been a rapid increase in the cost of game animals (in some species as much as five-fold) between 2010 and 2015. This could result in an increase in conflict between commercial game farmers and carnivores. We conducted two questionnaire surveys of farmers in 2010 and 2015 to investigate this. We asked if there had been changes in farming practices, perceived predator activity, perceived amount of livestock and commercial game losses, and actions taken towards carnivores in a South African farming community. We found no significant change in farming types in the area or losses of livestock between the years. However, there was a significant increase in perceived commercial game losses reported, even though protection of game had increased. Actions taken towards carnivores by livestock/game farmers were also significantly more negative in 2015 compared to farmers growing crops, but there was no such difference in 2010. We suggest that these changes could be a result of the increase in game prices over that period, leading to greater financial losses when an animal is predated, which in turn could increase the likelihood of retaliatory killings of carnivores.

CITES-listed Wildlife Trade of the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
Nikola Sagapova ◽  
Radim Dusek
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Endangered Plants ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
Increasing Trend

Wildlife trade involves many animal and plant species and their products. CITES (Convention on International Trafe in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) aims on protecting endangered plants and animals from being overharvested for the purposes of international trade through system of regulations, permits and monitoring. CITES Trade Database is a tool dedicated for the evidence of international trade of endangered wildlife species. We used records from the CITES Trade Database to conduct the analysis of the legal wildlife trade in the Czech Republic in the period 2008-2018. A total amount of 12,615 shipment records were extracted from CITES Trade Database. Amongst most imported taxons belong mammals (mostly genuses Ursus and Panthera) and reptiles (primarily genuses Varanus and Triocerus), while most exported taxons are birds (prevailing genuses Platycercus, Polytelis and Falco) and mammals (especially genus Lemur). While the export records showed an increasing trend, the imports were culminating around the average level of 642.3 records per year and lowest amount in the last year of the period. We emphasise smuggling of snowdrops and tigers and their products, which were reported to be seized, but with lack of records in legal trade.

LA ADMINISTRACIÓN DE JUSTICIA Y SUS PROPUESTAS DE RENOVACIÓN

2010 ◽  
pp. 253-283
Author(s):  
CRISTINA CARRETERO GONZÁLEZ
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
International Dimension ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
The Way

Dado que la Administración de Justicia no ha gozado tradicionalmente de una imagen inmejorable, los distintos gobiernos que se vienen sucediendo desde hace años han tratado de superar sus diversas carencias. En estas páginas repasamos algunas de las iniciativas previas que han ido preparando el camino para lo que desde el Ministerio de Justicia en 2009 se ha propuesto como instrumento para mejorar su Administración. El Ministerio ha fijado varios bloques de actuaciones referidos a la modernización de la Justicia: en la búsqueda de una mejora en la calidad de prestación de este servicio público; en su realización de una manera más profesionalizada y cualificada; con la utilización de las tecnologías acordes al momento histórico; intentando que el ciudadano sea el protagonista de la Justicia; y que al tiempo se propicie el fortalecimiento de la dimensión internacional de la misma. Analizamos estas cuestiones y nos cuestionamos a su vez las posibilidades de su realización. Justizia Administrazioak ez duenez betitik ospe paregabea izan, urteak joan eta urteak etorri gobernuek beti egin izan dute ahalegina arlo horri falta zaiona osatzen. Orri hauetan, Administrazioa hobetzeko Justizia Ministerioak 2009. urtean proposatu duten erreminta sortu aurretik, sortzeko, egin izan diren ekimen eta ahaleginak errepasatuko ditugu. Ministerioak hainbat ekintzabloke finkatu ditu, Justizia modernizatu nahian: zerbitzu publiko hori ematean kalitatea hobetzeko lanak; zerbitzua modu profesional eta kualifikatuagoan ematea; unean-unean egunean dauden teknologiak erabiltzea; herritarra jartzea Justiziako kontuetan protagonista; eta, aldi berean, justiziaren alde internazionala sendotzea. Kontu horiek aztertuko ditugu, eta benetan gauzatzeko aukerarik benetan ba ote dagoen galdetuko diogu gure buruari. Since the Administration of Justice has not traditionally enjoyed an excellent image, the different succesive cabinets have tried to overcome its various deficiencies. In these pages, we review some of the previous initiatives which paved the way to what the Ministry of Justice proposed in 2009 as the instrument for improving its Administration. The Ministry has established several areas of action refered to the modernization of justice: the search for an improvement in the quality of this public service; a more professional and qualified performance; using technologies appropriate to the historic moment; trying to make citizens the major figures for the Justice; and at the same time that the strenghtening of the international dimension is gained. We analyze those questions and we ask ourselves at the same time the possibilities for its realization.

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