Mobility of skilled workers and co-invention networks: an anatomy of localized knowledge flows

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Breschi ◽  
F. Lissoni
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Localized Knowledge

scholarly journals The Paper Trail of Knowledge Spillovers: Evidence from Patent Interferences

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Ganguli ◽  
Jeffrey Lin ◽  
Nicholas Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
New Method ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Localized Knowledge

We show evidence of localized knowledge spillovers using a new database of US patent interferences terminated between 1998 and 2014. Interferences resulted when two or more independent parties submitted identical claims of invention nearly simultaneously. Following the idea that inventors of identical inventions share common knowledge inputs, interferences provide a new method for measuring knowledge spillovers. Interfering inventors are 1.4 to 4.0 times more likely to live in the same local area than matched control pairs of inventors. They are also more geographically concentrated than citation-linked inventors. Our results emphasize geographic distance as a barrier to tacit knowledge flows. (JEL D83, O31, O33, O34)

scholarly journals Agglomeration effects on labor productivity: An assessment with microdata

REGION ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Brunow ◽  
Uwe Blien
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Agglomeration Effects ◽  
Localized Knowledge ◽  
Empirical Analyses

Urbanization and localization effects are known to boost the regional economy and its growth potential. The emergence of these effects is due to localized knowledge flows, the closeness to markets, but also due to the diversity of services and industries. All these effects have the potential to increase the productivity (and profitability) of firms. Whereas many studies have been conducted at the industry or the regional level, this paper adds to the existing literature by starting at the level of establishments and taking the interaction with the surrounding regions into account. This is possible by exploiting an exceptionally large establishment panel study and the employment statistics for Germany. The empirical analyses are carried out in two steps regressions in order to separate the characteristics of establishments from regional influences.

Shortage of Skills in the Labor Market: Limited Supply, Lack of Demand, or False Signals from Employers?

2004 ◽  
pp. 76-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gimpelson
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Competitive Market ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
General Skills ◽  
Limited Supply

The article discusses the issue of shortage of skills in the Russian industry. Using microdata from a survey of industrial enterprises, the author confirms that most of employers complain of difficulties in hiring and attaching skilled workers. In case of mass occupations, this shortage relates mostly to low efficient enterprises, which are unable or unwilling to pay competitive market going wage. More efficient and better paying firms are less likely to face shortage of general skills on the labor market but may face limited supply of specific skills.

Implikasi Kemasukan Pekerja Asing Di Malaysia: Suatu Tinjauan Awal

Sains Insani ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Intan Suria Hamzah ◽  
Sity Daud
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Foreign Worker ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
The World

Malaysia experienced a number of the entry of foreigners in the world, mainly as low-skilled workers. Malaysia has been experiencing shortage of workers in main sectors such as construction, agriculture, industrial and service. Foreign workers are workers came from other countries who come to work in Malaysia for a certain period, they are also known as economic’s workers. The study found that foreign workers give benefits for country development process in variuos sectors but with their numbers growing and reaching millions of peoples were disturbing economy and local communities.Keywords: Foreign worker, demand, economy, PATI, crime, security Abstrak: Malaysia mengalami jumlah kemasukan warga asing yang besar di dunia, terutamanya sebagai buruh berkemahiran rendah. Malaysia telah mengalami masalah kekurangan buruh dalam sektor-sektor utama negara seperti pembinaan, perladangan, perindustrian dan perkhidmatan. Pekerja asing atau buruh asing merupakan pekerja yang berasal dari negara luar yang datang bekerja di Malaysia bagi sesuatu tempoh tertentu, ianya juga dikenali sebagai buruh ekonomi. Hasil kajian, mendapati pekerja asing telah membawa manfaat dalam proses pembangunan negara Malaysia dalam pelbagai sektor namun begitu dengan jumlah mereka yang semakin meningkat dan mencecah jutaan orang telah mengganggu-gugat ekonomi dan masyarakat tempatan.Kata kunci: Pekerja asing, permintaan, ekonomi, PATI, jenayah, keselamatan.

Symbiotic Brain Drains

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeline Y. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Knowledge Worker ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigration Reform ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Educational Exchange ◽  
Exchange Programs ◽  
Immigration Laws ◽  
Permanent Residency ◽  
The Cold War

This chapter analyzes immigration reform and the knowledge worker recruitment aspects of the Hart–Celler Act of 1965 to track the intensifying convergence of educational exchange programs, economic nationalism, and immigration reform. During the Cold War, the State Department expanded cultural diplomacy programs so that the numbers of international students burgeoned, particularly in the fields of science. Although the programs were initially conceived as a way of instilling influence over the future leaders of developing nations, international students, particularly from Taiwan, India, and South Korea, took advantage of minor changes in immigration laws and bureaucratic procedures that allowed students, skilled workers, and technical trainees to gain legal employment and eventually permanent residency and thereby remain in the United States.

Encounters Across Borders. Modernist Ideas and Professional Practices in the 1970s Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-420
Author(s):  
Mara Mărginean
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Third World ◽  
Professional Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Professional Practices ◽  
Totalitarian Regime ◽  
Urban Policies ◽  
European Culture

Building on several international professional meetings of architects organized in Romania or abroad, this article details how various modernist principles, traditionally subsumed to Western European culture, were gradually reinterpreted as an object of policy and professional knowledge on urban space in the second and third world countries. The article analyses the dialogue between Romanian architects and their foreign colleagues. It highlights how these conversations adjusted the hierarchies and power relations between states and hegemonic centres of knowledge production. In this sense, it contributes to the recent research on the means by which the "trans- nationalization of expertise" "transformed various (semi)peripheral states into new centres of knowledge and thus outlines a new analytical space where domestic actions of the Romanian state in the area of urban policies are to be analysed not as isolated practices of a totalitarian regime, but as expressions of the entanglements between industrialization models, knowledge flows and models of territoriality that were not only globally relevant, but they also often received specific regional, national and local forms.

The Recruiting Business

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Martin
Keyword(s):  
Skilled Workers ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Job Offers ◽  
Case Basis

This chapter explains the activities of for-profit recruiters who match workers in one country with jobs in another. Governments regulate the fees that recruiters can charge to local workers, but not the fees they charge foreign employers. Most recruiters who provide low-skilled workers to foreign employers are agents, seeking job offers and then finding workers to fill jobs on a case-by-case basis rather than partners who specialize in providing particular types of workers to one or a few employers. Agent recruiters have incentives to maximize their revenues from each transaction, since they do not know if there will be repeat business.

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