scholarly journals Midwives and Maternal Mortality Evidence from a Midwifery Policy Experiment in 19th Century Sweden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Lorentzon ◽  
Per Pettersson-Lidbom
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Policy Experiment ◽  
Exogenous Source

Abstract This paper estimates the causal effect of a historical midwifery policy experiment on maternal mortality, infant mortality, and stillbirth during the period of 1830–1894 in Sweden. Exploiting sharp changes or “discontinuities” across time and place in the availability of trained and licensed midwives as an exogenous source of variation, we find that a doubling of trained midwives led to a 20%–40% reduction in maternal mortality and a 20% increase in the uptake of midwife-assisted homebirths. The results thus suggest that a 1% increase in the share of midwife-assisted homebirths decreased maternal mortality by as much as 2%, which is a remarkable finding given that midwife training was only 6–12 months at that time. The results of this study contribute to the current debate about the most effective strategy to reduce the unacceptably high rate of maternal mortality in many developing countries, especially in low-resource settings.

Framing Family Planning

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-115
Author(s):  
Mistura Adebusola Salaudeen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Attribution Of Responsibility ◽  
News Frames ◽  
Online Newspapers ◽  
Media Attention

Given the population explosion and high rate of maternal and infant mortality prevalent in many developing countries, family planning has been promoted as method of controlling the population growth and stemming the occurrence of these birth-related deaths with the mass media as the major campaign tools. This study examined the coverage of family planning-related news in selected Nigerian online newspapers from September 2017 to April 2019, measuring the presence of eight news frames. A quantitative content analysis of the stories revealed that family planning news frequently fell within the attribution of responsibility frame and solution frame. However, it was observed that not enough media attention was given to address misconceptions about family planning, and stories prompting readers to take action on family planning significantly outnumber stories that provided help-seeking information necessary to take such actions. The results provide important insights of how family planning news is reported in Nigerian newspapers.

scholarly journals Analisis Determinan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) Di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Elina Mayasari ◽  
Geraldi Putra Prasetya Balebu ◽  
Latifah Hasanah ◽  
Rizka Wulandari ◽  
Rani Nooraeni
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Average Case

Health is one of the essential needs for human beings, and even became a major issue that indicates achievement of a country or a region. Health can also be viewed from the condition of the infants, which can be measure from Infant Mortality Rate (IMR). This indicator shows a high rate especially because of low birthweight. The cases of low birthweight is one of the highest case that occurred in developing countries, including Indonesia. Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) province in Indonesia, is one of the most common places where this case is most likely to happened. The percentage of the low birthweight case is higher than the average case in Indonesia. Therefore, this research paper aim to investigate variables which are responsible for causing low birthweight case in such a high number in NTT on 2017. The method used for analysis is logistic regression. The result indicate that mother’s education level is significantly affecting low birthweight cases in NTT.

Framing Family Planning

2022 ◽  
pp. 182-201
Author(s):  
Mistura Adebusola Salaudeen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Attribution Of Responsibility ◽  
News Frames ◽  
Online Newspapers ◽  
Media Attention

Given the population explosion and high rate of maternal and infant mortality prevalent in many developing countries, family planning has been promoted as method of controlling the population growth and stemming the occurrence of these birth-related deaths with the mass media as the major campaign tools. This study examined the coverage of family planning-related news in selected Nigerian online newspapers from September 2017 to April 2019, measuring the presence of eight news frames. A quantitative content analysis of the stories revealed that family planning news frequently fell within the attribution of responsibility frame and solution frame. However, it was observed that not enough media attention was given to address misconceptions about family planning, and stories prompting readers to take action on family planning significantly outnumber stories that provided help-seeking information necessary to take such actions. The results provide important insights of how family planning news is reported in Nigerian newspapers.

scholarly journals Education in developing countries and reducing maternal mortality: a forgotten piece of the puzzle?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vedran Stefanovic
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Perinatal Medicine ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Women's Role

Abstract Despite substantial improvement in reducing maternal mortality during the recent decades, we constantly face tragic fact that maternal mortality (especially preventable deaths) is still unacceptably too high, particularly in the developing countries, where 99% of all maternal deaths worldwide occur. Poverty, lack of proper statistics, gender inequality, beliefs and corruption-associated poor governmental policies are just few of the reasons why decline in maternal mortality has not been as sharp as it was wished and expected. Education has not yet been fully recognized as the way out of poverty, improvement of women’s role in the society and consequent better perinatal care and consequent lower maternal mortality. Education should be improved on all levels including girls, women and their partners, medical providers, religious and governmental authorities. Teaching the teachers should be also an essential part of global strategy to lower maternal mortality. This paper is mostly a commentary, not a systematic review nor a meta-analysis with the aim to rise attention (again) to the role of different aspects of education in lowering maternal mortality. The International Academy of Perinatal Medicine should play a crucial role in pushing the efforts on this issue as the influential instance that promotes reflection and dialog in perinatal medicine, especially in aspects such as bioethics, the appropriate use of technological advances, and the sociological and humanistic dimensions of this specific problem of huge magnitude. The five concrete steps to achieve these goals are listed and discussed.

scholarly journals Determinants of neonatal, postneonatal and maternal mortality on models of primary health

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Guerra ◽  
L M Guerra ◽  
L F Probst ◽  
B V Castro Gondinho ◽  
G M Bovi Ambrosano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Care Organization ◽  
São Paulo

Abstract Background The state of São Paulo recorded a significant reduction in infant mortality, but the desired reduction in maternal mortality was not achieved. Knowledge of the factors with impact on these indicators would be of help in formulating public policies. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relations between socioeconomic and demographic factors, health care model and both infant mortality and maternal mortality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods In this ecological study, data from national official open sources were used. Analyzed were 645 municipalities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. For each municipality, the infant mortality and maternal mortality rates were calculated for every 1000 live births, 2013. The association between these rates, socioeconomic variables, demographic models and the primary care organization model in the municipality were verified. We used the zero-inflated negative binomial model. Gross analysis was performed and then multiple regression models were estimated. For associations, we adopted “p” at 5%. Results The increase in the HDI of the city and proportion of Family Health Care Strategy implemented were significantly associated with the reduction in both infant mortality (neonatal + post-neonatal) and maternal mortality rates. In turn, the increase in birth and caesarean delivery rates were associated with the increase in infant and maternal mortality rates. Conclusions It was concluded that the Family Health Care Strategy model that contributed to the reduction in infant (neonatal + post-neonatal) and maternal mortality rates, and so did actors such as HDI and cesarean section. Thus, public health managers should prefer this model. Key messages Implementation of public policies with specific focus on attenuating these factors and making it possible to optimize resources, and not interrupting the FHS. Knowledge of the factors with impact on these indicators would be of help in formulating public policies.

scholarly journals Measuring maternal mortality: An overview of opportunities and options for developing countries

BMC Medicine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
WJ Graham ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
C Stanton ◽  
CL Abou-Zahr ◽  
OMR Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Maternal Mortality

scholarly journals How Much Does Economic Growth Contribute to Child Stunting Reductions?

Economies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Mary
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Child Stunting ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Per Capita

The role of economic growth in reducing child undernutrition remains an open and highly debated question that holds important implications for food security strategies. The empirical evidence has been quite contrasted, primarily in regard to the magnitude of the impacts. Yet, most studies have not (appropriately) accounted for the reverse causality between economic growth and child stunting. Using a dataset of 74 developing countries observed between 1984 and 2014, this paper develops a novel approach accounting for the reverse causal effect of stunting on GDP per capita and finds that the impacts of economic growth are much lower than estimated in most previous studies. A 10% increase in GDP per capita reduces child stunting prevalence by 2.7%. In other words, economic growth is modestly pro-poor. We also estimate that a percentage point increase in child stunting prevalence results in a 0.4% decrease in GDP per capita. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that stunting costs on average about 13.5% of GDP per capita in developing countries.

scholarly journals Universal Maternal Rights: A Matter of Life and Death

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The World ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Multiple Obstacles ◽  
Maternal Rights

Childbirth has been a part of our lives since the beginning of time. Without the process none of us would be alive today. So why is it that maternal mortality remains one of the greatest inequities in the world? To date, approximately 500, 000 women die annually due to the lack of appropriate prenatal and obstetric care. Difficulties arising with childbirth cannot be predicted. However, the way in which we react to a situation can have a lasting, positive effect on the countries and the women who are at risk. The ways in which to help reduce the large number of maternal deaths in developing countries is not complicated and can be achieved if it is made a priority. In conclusion, there are multiple obstacles in regard to succeeding the highest achievable standard of health globally.  With the education of evolving scientific methods, and the collaboration of humanitarian views, the welfare and health of women and their children, can be internationally restored. With the education of evolving scientific methods, and the collaboration of humanitarian views, the welfare and health of women and their children, can be internationally restored.

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