Baseline Susceptibility of Helicoverpa punctigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Indoxacarb, Emamectin Benzoate, and Chlorantraniliprole

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 818-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa J Bird ◽  
Paul W Walker
Keyword(s):  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Toxicity of Fipronil and Emamectin Benzoate and Their Mixtures Against Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) With Relation to GABA Content

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A Kandil ◽  
Eman A Fouad ◽  
Dalia E El Hefny ◽  
Yasmin E Abdel-Mobdy
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Cotton Leafworm ◽  
Gaba Transporters ◽  
Potentiation Effect ◽  
Gaba Content ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Fipronil and emamectin benzoate (EMB) are effective insecticides for controlling cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis. Fipronil works by blocking gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) gated chloride. In contrast, EMB is activating GABA transporters. The objectives of our study were to assess relative toxicity of the technical fipronil and EMB alone and in mixture against S. littoralis. In addition, the GABA content was simultaneously determined using HPLC. Technical fipronil and EMB and their mixtures were applied topically to the fourth-instar larvae, and their LD50 values were estimated after 48 h. Results demonstrated that the LD50 for EMB applied alone was 0.751 ng/larva which was much less than for fipronil 7.271 ng/larva. Each of the two insecticides alone showed a significant decrease in GABA content at LD10, LD25, and LD50 doses, while their mixtures induced GABA levels. The highest potentiation was observed when both insecticides were in a mixture at the ratio of LD10:LD10 which was associated with higher increase in GABA levels. Moreover, the weight of the alive larvae was less than that was in the untreated control. However, all mixtures exhibited potentiation effect, except for the mixture of fipronil at LD50 with EMB at LD10, LD25, and LD50 that had antagonistic effect correlated with the lowest decrease in GABA level. Results suggested that lower doses of both insecticides in a binary mixture had potentiation effect against S. littoralis. This mixture could be used in combination as field application for successful and effective control of S. littoralis and would also help in managing insecticide resistance.

scholarly journals Additive interactions of some reduced-risk biocides and two entomopathogenic nematodes suggest implications for integrated control of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashad Rasool Khan ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Asad Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Insecticide Mixtures ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Additive Interactions ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Reduced Risk

AbstractHigher volumes of conventional and novel chemical insecticides are applied by farmers to control resistant strains of armyworm (Spodoperta litura) in Pakistan without knowing their risks to the environment and to public health. Ten reduced-risk insecticides were tested for their compatibility with two entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs); Heterorhabditis indica and Steinernema carpocapsae against S. litura. The insecticide emamectin benzoate was highly toxic (LC50 = 2.97 mg/l) against 3rd instar S. litura larvae when applied alone whereas, novaluron and methoxyfenozide were the least toxic (LC50 = 29.56 mg/l and 21.06 mg/l), respectively. All the insecticides proved harmless against the two EPNs even 96 h after treatment. Indoxacarb, flubendiamide and spinetoram produced the greatest mortalities (72–76%) of S. litura larvae after 72 h when applied in mixtures with H. indica. Lowest mortalities (44.00 ± 3.74% and 48.00 ± 2.89) were observed for mixtures of H. indica with methoxyfenozide and chlorfenapyr, respectively. The positive control treatments with both EPNs (S. carpocapsae and H. indica) produced > 50% mortality 96 h after treatment. For insecticide mixtures with S. carpocapsae, only indoxacarb produced 90% mortality of larvae, whereas, indoxacarb, flubendiamide, emamectin benzoate, and spinetoram produced 90–92% mortality of larvae when applied in mixtures with H. indica. Additive interactions (Chi-square < 3.84) of EPN mixtures with reduced volumes of reduced-risk insecticides suggest opportunities to develop more environmentally favorable pest management programs for S. litura.

scholarly journals Sub-lethal doses of Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus and synthetic ınsecticides alter the biological parameters of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259867
Author(s):  
Allah Dita Abid ◽  
Syed Muhammad Zaka ◽  
Shafqat Saeed ◽  
Naeem Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Nadir Naqqash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Finite Rate ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Resistance management is very important for devising control strategies of polyphagous insect-pests like Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Considering the importance of resistance management, demographic features of selected and unselected populations of H. armigera were studied in 6 different treatments viz. emamectin benzoate, Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus (HaNPV), emamectin benzoate+HaNPV, spinetoram, spinetoram+HaNPV and control. Higher values for fecundity, intrinsic rate, the finite rate of increase (λ) were recorded in the control of selected as compared to the rest of treatment. Similarly, higher values for these population parameters viz. oviposition days, fecundity, intrinsic rate, the finite rate of increase were calculated in the unselected control. Similarly, net reproductive rate (R0) for selected and unselected control was higher as compared to the rest of the treatments. It may happen because these kinds of selection pressures can result in decreased fitness of the test insect thus decreased fitness of H. armigera in different treatments was observed as compared to the control. Additionally, quicker development of susceptible insects was observed because susceptible insects were growing without any stressor (xenobiotics) as compared to the rest which contributed to their faster development.

scholarly journals Linha Básica de Suscetibilidade de Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, [1858]) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) a Benzoato de Emamectina

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. ec01015
Author(s):  
Naiara R. Nunes ◽  
Fátima T. Rampelotti-Ferreira ◽  
Leonardo V. Thiesen ◽  
Janaina N. Corassa ◽  
Rafael M. Pitta
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Insect Resistance ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Insect Resistance Management ◽  
Diet Variation ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Chrysodeixis Includens

Emamectin Benzoate was registered recently in Brazil to control Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, [1858]) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in soybean. We studied the baseline susceptibility of Mato Grosso populations of C. includes to support Insect Resistance Management programs by standard feeding assays on insecticide-surface of artificial diet. Variation in susceptibility between populations was low. The LC50 values from 11 populations varied between 0.015 a 0.065 µg i.a. cm-2. Based on our results, we propose the discriminant concentration of 2.867 µg i.a. cm-2 of emamectin benzoate to monitor insecticide resistance in C. includes.

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