Methamidophos Influences Midgut Proteinase Activity and Subcellular Structures in the Wolf Spider Pardosa pseudoamulata (Araneae: Lycosidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-340
Author(s):  
Juan Wang ◽  
Qinjin Li ◽  
Yuande Peng ◽  
Huilin Yang ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Proteinase Activity

scholarly journals Novel Aggregation Properties of Candida albicans Secreted Aspartyl Proteinase Sap6 Mediate Virulence in Oral Candidiasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 2614-2626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohitashw Kumar ◽  
Darpan Saraswat ◽  
Swetha Tati ◽  
Mira Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Proteinase Activity ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Epithelial ◽  
Cell Cell

Candida albicans, a commensal fungus of the oral microbiome, causes oral candidiasis in humans with localized or systemic immune deficiencies. Secreted aspartic proteinases (Saps) are a family of 10 related proteases and are virulence factors due to their proteolytic activity, as well as their roles in adherence and colonization of host tissues. We found that mice infected sublingually withC. albicanscells overexpressing Sap6 (SAP6OE and a Δsap8strain) had thicker fungal plaques and more severe oral infection, while infection with the Δsap6strain was attenuated. These hypervirulent strains had highly aggregative colony structurein vitroand higher secreted proteinase activity; however, the levels of proteinase activity ofC. albicansSaps did not uniformly match their abilities to damage cultured oral epithelial cells (SCC-15 cells). Hyphal induction in cells overexpressing Sap6 (SAP6OE and Δsap8cells) resulted in formation of large cell-cell aggregates. These aggregates could be produced in germinated wild-type cells by addition of native or heat-inactivated Sap6. Sap6 bound only to germinated cells and increasedC. albicansadhesion to oral epithelial cells. The adhesion properties of Sap6 were lost upon deletion of its integrin-binding motif (RGD) and could be inhibited by addition of RGD peptide or anti-integrin antibodies. Thus, Sap6 (but not Sap5) has an alternative novel function in cell-cell aggregation, independent of its proteinase activity, to promote infection and virulence in oral candidiasis.

Can Wolf Spider Mothers Detect Insecticides in Environment? Does the Silk of the Egg‐Sac Protect Juveniles from Insecticides?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Laino ◽  
S Romero ◽  
M Cunningham ◽  
G Molina ◽  
C Gabellone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wolf Spider

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF MOISTURE AND HEAT ON THE EFFICACY OF CHEMICAL CUES USED IN PREDATOR DETECTION BY THE WOLF SPIDER PARDOSA MILVINA (ARANEAE, LYCOSIDAE)

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 857-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn M. Wilder ◽  
Jill DeVito ◽  
Matthew H. Persons ◽  
Ann L. Rypstra
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Predator Detection ◽  
Pardosa Milvina
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