Pyrethroid-Resistance Level Affects Performance of Larvicides and Adulticides From Different Insecticide Classes in Populations of Listronotus maculicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 1851-1859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht M Koppenhöfer ◽  
Olga S Kostromytska ◽  
Shaohui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Listronotus Maculicollis

scholarly journals Pyrethroid Resistance Status of Aedes (Stegomyia) Aegypti (Linneaus) from Dengue Endemic Areas in Peninsular Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosilawati R ◽  
Lee HL ◽  
Nazni WA ◽  
Nurulhusna AH ◽  
Roziah A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Health Organization

Vector control is still the principal method to control dengue and chemical insecticides, especially the pyrethroids such as permethrin are the forerunners of mosquito control agent. Intensive and extensive use of pyrethroids often result in resistance, thereby hampering control efforts. The present study was conducted to evaluate the susceptible status of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue against permethrin. A nationwide mosquito sampling via ovitrapping was conducted in 12 dengue hotspots across 5 states in Peninsular Malaysia. Field collected Aedes eggs were hatched and reared until L3 larval and further identified it species. Adult F0 Aedes aegypti were reared until F1 progeny and the female were used in adult assay, performed according to World Health Organization (WHO) protocol as to determine the resistance level. The laboratory strain maintained for more than 1000 generations that were susceptible to permethrin served as the control strain. Evaluation of resistance ratio was assessed by comparing the knockdown rate with laboratory susceptible strain. In this present study, 70% ofAe. aegypti population from dengue hotspots was highly resistance to permethrin. The study clearly demonstrated that widespread of permethrin resistant Ae. aegypti in Malaysian mosquito’s population, indicating the need of implementing an efficient pyrethroid resistance management.

scholarly journals A 6.5kb intergenic structural variation enhances P450-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in malaria vectors lowering bed net efficacy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon M.J. Mugenzi ◽  
Benjamin D. Menze ◽  
Magellan Tchouakui ◽  
Murielle J. Wondji ◽  
Helen Irving ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Variation ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Anopheles Funestus ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Translocation Event ◽  
Detrimental Impact

AbstractElucidating the complex evolutionary armory that mosquitoes deploy against insecticides is crucial to maintain the effectiveness of insecticide-based interventions. Here, we deciphered the role of a 6.5kb structural variation (SV) in driving cytochrome P450-mediated pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector, Anopheles funestus. Whole genome pooled sequencing detected an intergenic 6.5kb SV between duplicated CYP6P9a/b P450s in pyrethroid resistant mosquitoes through a translocation event. Promoter analysis revealed a 17.5-fold higher activity (P<0.0001) for the SV-carrying fragment than the SV-free one. qRT-PCR expression profiling of CYP6P9a/b for each SV genotype supported its role as an enhancer since SV+/SV+ homozygote mosquitoes had significantly greater expression for both genes than heterozygotes SV+/SV- (1.7-2-fold) and homozygotes SV-/SV- (4-5-fold). Designing a PCR assay revealed a strong association between this SV and pyrethroid resistance (SV+/SV+ vs SV-/SV-; OR=2079.4, P=<0.001). The 6.5kb SV is present at high frequency in southern Africa (80-100%) but absent in East/Central/West Africa. Experimental hut trials revealed that homozygote SV mosquitoes had significantly greater chance to survive exposure to pyrethroid-treated Nets (OR 27.7; P < 0.0001) and to blood feed than susceptible. Furthermore, triple homozygote resistant (SV+/CYP6P9a_R/CYP6P9b_R) exhibit a higher resistance level leading to a far superior ability to survive exposure to nets than triple susceptible mosquitoes, revealing a strong additive effect. This study highlights the important role of structural variations in the development of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors and their detrimental impact on the effectiveness of pyrethroid-based nets.

scholarly journals Level of Pyrethroid-resistance Associated with Cytochrome P450 Expression in German Cockroach Blattella germanica (Blattodea: Ectobiidae) in the Field Collected Strains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azimeh Ghaderi ◽  
Mozghan Baniardalani ◽  
Hamid Reza Basseri
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Blattella Germanica ◽  
Control Program ◽  
German Cockroach ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Ion Exchange Hplc ◽  
Cockroach Blattella Germanica

Background: Cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases are a very important metabolic system involve in insecti­cide resistance. This study was conducted to find the association between the expression level of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and permethrin-resistance level among four strains of the German cockroach Blattella germanica (L) (Blat­todea: Ectobiidae). Methods: Three field strains of German cockroach with different frequency of exposure to pesticides, and a laboratory susceptible strain were used in the present study. Insecticide susceptibility bioassays were carried out to detect re­sistance to permethrin. The concentration of CYP450 in each strain was determined using ion-exchange HPLC chroma­tography. Biochemical assays was performed to analyse CYP450 activities. Results: The resistance ratios (RR) to permethrin among three field strains were 3.29, 4.10 and 6.17-fold comping with the susceptible stain. The CYP450 activity of three field strains was 1.6, 2.4 and 2.7 times higher than in the sus­ceptible stain. The amount of CYP450 per mg of protein was significantly different between the susceptible and the three re­sistant strains. The resistant cockroaches showed a relatively high expression of CYP450 enzymes. A strong corre­la­tion was found between permethrin resistance level and total concentration of CYP450 enzymes. Conclusion: The results of current study show that more frequent usage of a pyrethroid insecticide cause the metabolic insecticide resistance to rise in German cockroach. Therefore, there is a ratio correlation between resistance level and monooxygenases activities in insect. Thus, the control program must be managed according to history of pesticide us­age.  

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis of molecular mechanism to pyrethroids resistance in Spodoptera litura

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongzhi Li ◽  
Yu Mei ◽  
Jianhua Wang ◽  
Xiling Chen ◽  
Chengju Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Differential Expressed Genes ◽  
Go Terms

Abstract Background Spodoptera litura is a destructive agricultural pest and had evolved resistance to multiple insecticides, especially pyrethroids. At present, the resistance mechanism to pyrethroids remains unclear. Results Four field-collected populations, namely CZ, LF, NJ and JD, were identified to have high resistance to pyrethroids, and the resistant ratio ranged from 40.8 to 1764.0-fold. To explore pyrethroids resistance mechanism, the transcriptome between pyrethroid-resistant (LF and NJ) and pyrethroid-susceptible (GX) populations were compared by RNA-sequence. Results showed that multiple differential expressed genes were enriched in metabolism-related GO terms and KEGG pathways. 35 up-regulated metabolism-related genes were screened to verify by qRT-PCR. Consistent up-regulation of 13 unigenes, including 3 P450s, 4 GSTs, 1 UGTs, 4 COEs and 1ABC, were verified in the additional pyrethroids resistant populations CZ and JD. The expression level of CYP3 and GST3, which were homologous to CYP321A8 and GST1, respectively, showed good correlation with their pyrethroids resistance level among CZ, LF, NJ and JD populations. While the expression level of CYP12, CYP14, COE4 and ABC5 showed good correlation with their pyrethroids resistance level in at least three populations. UGT5 had the highest expression level among the tested UGT genes in the four pyrethroids resistant populations. Conclusion CYP3, CYP12, CYP14, GST3, COE4, UGT5 and ABC5 play important roles in pyrethroids resistance among the four field-collected populations. Our study provided a valuable resource for further study of pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in S. litura.

DISTRIBUSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI POPULASI SINTRONG (Crossocephalum crepidiodes.Benth) RESISTEN PARAKUAT PADA LAHAN JAGUNG (Zea mays) DI KABUPATEN DAIRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Berton Sianturi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Susceptible Populations

Crassocephalum crepidioides on Cornfields in Dairi Regency had been reported tobecome more difficult to control using paraquat. The objective of the research was todetermine the characteristics and the distribution of C.crepidioides resistant to paraquatin cornfields. The experiment was carried out in two steps, the first step was screeningthe population of C. crepidioides with paraquat at the recommended dose, and the secondstep, dose-response experiment for the resistance level of C. crepidioides population withdose 0, 76, 152, 304,5, 609, 1218, and 2436 g.ai /ha. In the first step experiment, paraquatdichloride was applied at 280 g.ai/ha. The treatments were arranged in a randomized blockdesign with 3 replication. The second step experiment was that the resistant populationsconfirmed in the first experiment were sprayed for their dose-response. The treatmentswere arranged in a randomized complete block design (CRBD). The results showed thatof 30 populations of C. crepidiodes, 19 populations (63.3%) were categorized to beresistant with the mortality ranging from 10.84% to 52.08%, and 11 populations (36.7%),was categorized as high resistance with mortality of 0% to 9.21%. The level ofresistance (R/S) of R-C25, R-C27, and R-C30 populations of C. crepidioides were 12,3,14,86, and 24,83 times consecutively, compared with the susceptible population. Thenumber of C. crepidioides chlorophyl leaves in susceptible populations was significantlylower than that of a resistant populations.

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