scholarly journals Examining the Potential Role of Foliar Chemistry in Imparting Potato Germplasm Tolerance to Potato Psyllid, Green Peach Aphid, and Zebra Chip Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Prager ◽  
C M Wallis ◽  
M Jones ◽  
R Novy ◽  
J T Trumble
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Foliar Chemistry ◽  
Zebra Chip ◽  
Potato Germplasm ◽  
Zebra Chip Disease

scholarly journals Impact of potato psyllid density and timing of infestation on Zebra chip disease expression in potato plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 262-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Feng ◽  
Zhao Zi-Hua ◽  
Jifon John ◽  
Liu Tong-Xian
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Zebra Chip ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Zebra Chip Disease ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Growth Stages

The impact of vector density and timing of infestation on potato were investigated. Healthy potato plants at different growth stages (4, 5, and 7 weeks after germination) were exposed separately to four different B. cockerelli densities (0, 5, 20, and 40 psyllids per cage) in field cages and Zebra chip (ZC) symptoms, leaf photosynthetic rates, tuber yield, and total nonstructural carbohydrate accumulation in leaves and tubers of healthy and B. cockerelli-infested plants were monitored. Potato psyllid nymph and egg populations reached a seasonal peak at 6 weeks after the exposure to insect. Younger plants at 4-week growth stage after germination were more susceptible to B. cockerelli infestation and ZC expression than older plants. As few as five B. cockerelli adults were enough to transmit the ZC pathogen and cause ZC expression both in foliage and tuber. At the density of 20 psyllids per cage, more than 50% of plants showed ZC symptoms in tubers. Furthermore, B. cockerelli infestation reduced leaf photosynthesis rates (P<sub>n</sub>), resulting in less starch and more reducing sugars in tubers, and hence reduced tuber weight and yield, especially when psyllid infestation occurred at the early growth stages. The results indicate that early B. cockerelli infestation of younger plants was associated with more severe ZC expression in both foliage and tubers, leading to earlier dead plants. The data suggest that strategies for controlling B. cockerelli during early potato crop development could thus lessen the severity of ZC development.

scholarly journals Relative Abundance of Potato Psyllid Haplotypes in Southern Idaho Potato Fields During 2012 to 2015, and Incidence of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ Causing Zebra Chip Disease

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 822-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Dahan ◽  
Erik J. Wenninger ◽  
Brandon Thompson ◽  
Sahar Eid ◽  
Nora Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Industry ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Zebra Chip ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Solanacearum ◽  
South Central ◽  
Zebra Chip Disease ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter

Zebra chip (ZC) disease, a serious threat to the potato industry, is caused by the bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso). Five haplotypes (hapA to hapE) of this pathogen have been described so far in different crops, with only hapA and hapB being associated with ZC in potato. Both haplotypes are vectored and transmitted to a variety of solanaceaeous plants by the tomato/potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc). Psyllids are native to North America, and four haplotypes have been identified and named based on their predominant geographic association: Northwestern, Central, Western, and Southwestern. Although all psyllid haplotypes have been found in southern Idaho potato fields, data on relative haplotype abundances and dynamic changes in the fields over time have not previously been reported. Here, psyllid samples collected in Idaho potato fields from 2012 to 2015 were used to clarify spatial and temporal patterns in distribution and abundance of psyllid and Lso haplotypes. A shift from hapA toward hapB population of Lso was revealed during these four seasons, indicating possible evolution of Lso in Idaho fields. Although we confirmed that Western psyllids were the most abundant by far during the four seasons of observation, we also observed changes in abundance of other haplotypes, including increased diversity of psyllid haplotypes during 2015. Seasonal changes observed for the Northwestern and Central haplotypes could potentially be linked to psyllid migration and/or habitat changes. South-central Idaho exhibited more diversity in psyllid haplotypes than southwestern Idaho.

scholarly journals Characterization and Epidemiological Significance of Potato Plants Grown from Seed Tubers Affected by Zebra Chip Disease

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Henne ◽  
F. Workneh ◽  
A. Wen ◽  
J. A. Price ◽  
J. S. Pasche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Zebra Chip ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Solanacearum ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Zebra Chip Disease ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Epidemiological Significance

An emerging disease of potato in the United States, known as “Zebra Chip” or “Zebra Complex” (ZC), is increasing in scope and threatens to spread further. Here, we report on studies performed to understand the role of tuberborne ZC in the epidemiology of this disease. Depending on variety, up to 44% of ZC-affected seed tubers (ZCST) were viable, producing hair sprouts and weak plants. Chip discoloration in progeny tubers of ZCST was more severe than those from ZC-asymptomatic seed tubers but varied depending on whether progeny tubers or foliage were positive or negative for ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’. A low percentage of greenhouse-grown plants produced by ZCST tested positive for ‘Ca. Liberibacter’. No adult potato psyllids became infective after feeding upon these plants but they did acquire ‘Ca. Liberibacter’ from field-grown plants produced by ZCST. Plants with new ZC infections near plants produced by ZCST were not significantly different from healthy plants, whereas plants affected with ZC from infectious potato psyllids had significantly more ZC infections near either plants produced by ZCST or healthy plants. We conclude that, in areas where ZC is currently established, plants produced by ZCST do not significantly contribute to ZC incidence and spread within potato fields.

Diversity of Endosymbionts in the Potato Psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae), Vector of Zebra Chip Disease of Potato

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1510-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punya Nachappa ◽  
Julien Levy ◽  
Elizabeth Pierson ◽  
Cecilia Tamborindeguy
Keyword(s):  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Zebra Chip ◽  
Zebra Chip Disease

scholarly journals Effects of Potato Psyllid Vector Density and Time of Infection on Zebra Chip Disease Development after Harvest and during Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-288
Author(s):  
Erik J. Wenninger ◽  
Nora Olsen ◽  
Jeffrey Lojewski ◽  
Phillip Wharton ◽  
Jennifer Dahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Development ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Zebra Chip ◽  
Vector Density ◽  
Zebra Chip Disease ◽  
Time Of Infection

scholarly journals Seasonal Occurrence of Potato Psyllid (Bactericera Cockerelli) and Risk of Zebra Chip Pathogen (Candidatus Liberibacter Solanacearum) in Northwestern New Mexico

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Koffi Djaman ◽  
Charles Higgins ◽  
Shantel Begay ◽  
Komlan Koudahe ◽  
Samuel Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Zebra Chip ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Solanacearum ◽  
Zebra Chip Disease ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter

Potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli) is one of the most important pests in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) due to its feeding behavior and the transmission of a bacterium (Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum) that causes zebra chip disease, altering the quality of the potato tuber and the fried potato chip or french fry. This pest is thus a threat to the chip potato industry and often requires preventive measures including the use of costly insecticides. The objectives of this research were to monitor the variation in B. cockerelli adult abundance and to evaluate the risk of zebra chip disease in northwestern New Mexico, USA. Yellow sticky traps were used to collect the pest at the Agricultural Experiment Station at Farmington, NM and in nearby commercial fields at the Navajo Agricultural Products Industry (NAPI) and Navajo Mesa Farms during the 2017–2019 period. The collected adult pests were analyzed at Texas A & M University for the presence of Candidatus L. solanacearum (Lso). The results showed field infestation by B. cockerelli in early June and that the population peaked during the second half of July and decreased as the potato growing season progressed. However, a second less important peak of the pest was revealed around mid- to late-August, depending on the growing season and field. While the B. cockerelli population increased linearly with average air temperature, it showed strong third order polynomial relationships with the accumulated thermal units and the Julian days. The test of B. cockerelli for the Lso infection revealed a low incidence of the pathogen varying from 0.22% to 6.25% and the infected adult B. cockerelli were collected during the population peak period. The results of this study may be helpful to potato growers in pest management decision-making and control. However, more study is needed to evaluate zebra chip disease in terms of its prevention and economic impact, and to develop economic thresholds and pest management programs for northwestern New Mexico and neighboring regions.

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