A New Stratified Sampling Procedure which Decreases Error Estimation of Varroa Mite Number on Sticky Boards

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 1435-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kretzschmar ◽  
E. Durand ◽  
A. Maisonnasse ◽  
J. Vallon ◽  
Y. L. Conte
Keyword(s):  
Error Estimation ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Stratified Sampling ◽  
Varroa Mite ◽  
Mite Number

IDENTITY OVERLAP AND SITUATIONAL DIFFERENTIAL AMONG NIGERIAN STUDENTS

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Moses E. Olobatuyi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Stratified Sampling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Strong Bond ◽  
Nigerian Students ◽  
Ethnic Attachment

This study examines the notion that Nigerian students will identify with their ethnic group and their nation at the same time because they are members of different ethnic groups and citizens of the same country. It also examines whether their perception of their identity will change from situation to situation. Data were collected from 306 Nigerian students in the Washington DC metropolitan area through a proportional stratified sampling procedure. The results confirm the hypothesis that the Nigerian students will identify with their ethnic groups and nation at the same time. It is also confirmed that how the Nigerian students will perceive themselves in different situations depends on the situation in which they find themselves. This negates the primordial approach which claims that an individual will identify him/herself in terms of his/her ethnic group because of a strong bond of ethnic attachment. Implications of these findings for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Estudio de la preparación física realizada para recorrer el Camino de Santiago (Study of physical preparations made to walk through the way of Saint James)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Antonio Granero Gallegos ◽  
Francisco Ruiz-Juan ◽  
Mª Elena García Montes ◽  
Gabriel Flores Allende
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Stratified Sampling ◽  
Camino De Santiago ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Physical Preparation ◽  
The Way

El entrenamiento físico previo al recorrido del Camino de Santiago es una cuestión que cada vez preocupa más, siendo tratado con más especificidad por los diversos autores que escriben sobre aspectos prácticos para realizarlo. En este trabajo nos planteamos como objetivo, determinar la tasa de peregrinos mayores de 15 años que ha realizado una preparación física específica para la peregrinación a Santiago, analizando distintas variables relacionadas con el entrenamiento y estableciendo perfiles diferenciadores en función de la edad, sexo, medio de locomoción y nacionalidad. La investigación se desarrolló mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario autoadministrado en Roncesvalles a una muestra de 1.071 sujetos, utilizando el procedimiento de muestreo estratificado polietápico con afijación proporcional, con un margen de error muestral del ±3 % y un nivel de confianza del 95,5%. Como principales resultados, indicar que más de la mitad de senderistas y ciclistas no entrenan específicamente para el recorrido; por tanto, además de promocionar deportivamente la ruta, es necesario concienciar a aquéllos que decidan recorrer el Camino de Santiago, especialmente a los jóvenes, de la necesidad de realizar una preparación física adecuada al medio de locomoción que vaya a emplear y al tiempo que vaya a peregrinar, dedicándole suficiente tiempo al entrenamiento y reproduciendo las características del recorrido.Abstract: Physical training prior to travel around the Camino de Santiago is a matter of growing concern over being treated with more specificity by various authors writing on practical aspects of doing this. In this work we are aimed to determine the rate of over 15 pilgrims who had made a specific physical preparation for the pilgrimage to Santiago, by analyzing several variables related to training and establishing distinct profile in terms of age, gender, mean of locomotion and nationality. The investigation was conducted by applying a questionnaire filled in Roncesvalles to a sample of 1.071 subjects, using multistage stratified sampling procedure with proportional affixation, with a margin of sampling error of ± 3% and a confidence level of 95.5 %. As main results indicate that more than half of walkers and cyclists do not train specifically for the tour, so in addition to promoting the sport route, it is necessary to raise awareness to those who decide to travel around the Way of Saint James, especially young people, the need for a proper fit to the means of locomotion to be used and the time to be a pilgrimage, dedicating enough time to training and playing characteristics of the route.

Opening images of synaptic vesicles and calcium localization by means of microwave fixation method

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-183
Author(s):  
Vinci Mizuhira ◽  
Hiroshi Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Vesicles ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Potassium Oxalate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Microwave Fixation

Microwave irradiation (MWI) was applied to 0.3 to 1 cm3 blocks of rat central nervous system at 2.45 GHz/500W for about 20 sec in a fixative, at room temperature. Fixative composed of 2% paraformaldehyde, 0.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer at pH 7.4, also contained 2 mM of CaCl2 , 1 mM of MgCl2, and 0.1% of tannic acid for conventional observation; and fuether 30-90 mM of potassium oxalate containing fixative was applied for the detection of calcium ion localization in cells. Tissue blocks were left in the same fixative for 30 to 180 min after MWI at room temperature, then proceeded to the sampling procedure, after postfixed with osmium tetroxide, embedded in Epon. Ultrathin sections were double stained with an useal manner. Oxalate treated sections were devided in two, stained and unstained one. The later oxalate treated unstained sections were analyzed with electron probe X-ray microanalyzer, the EDAX-PU-9800, at 40 KV accelerating voltage for 100 to 200 sec with point or selected area analyzing methods.

Does Increased Platelet Release Normalize During Anti-Hypertensive Treatment?

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (03) ◽  
pp. 834-838
Author(s):  
Knut Lande ◽  
Sverre Erik Kjeldsen ◽  
Ivar Eide ◽  
Paul Leren ◽  
Knut Gjesdal
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Function ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Placebo Treatment ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Β Blocker ◽  
Platelet Release ◽  
Hypertensive Drug ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Release Product

SummaryBlood platelet function was evaluated in 10 men, all 50 years old, with untreated, mild hypertension. Each patient was examined four times: At the beginning of the study, after 5 weeks on placebo treatment, after the following 5 weeks on propranolol 160 mg daily, and finally after a second period of 5 weeks on placebo. At baseline the plasma level of the platelet release product (β-thromboglobulin (BTG) was 41.6 (30.5-57.0) μg/l (median and 95% confidence interval). During the first placebo period BTG was normalized to 21.0 (14.1-25.9) μg/l. While systolic blood pressure and heart rate fell during β-adrenergic receptor blockade, BTG remained unchanged throughout the rest of the observation periods. Platelet size increased significantly during treatment with β-blocker. The present study indicates that the normalization of elevated platelet function which previously has been reported to occur during anti-hypertensive drug therapy, may be explained by patient adaptation to the blood sampling procedure.

Reports on Recent Activities of European Food Safety Authority

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 217-220
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Official Control ◽  
National Programmes ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Risk Managers

This report provides an overview of the 2017 official control activities on pesticide residues carried out in the European Union (EU) Member States, Iceland and Norway. It summarises the results of both the 2017 EU-coordinated control programme (EUCP) and the national control programmes (NP). While the NPs are mostly risk based (so called enforcement samples) focusing on pesticides or products originating from countries where a number of exceedances have been observed in the past, the EUCP aims to present a statistically representative snapshot of the situation of pesticide residues in food products that are mostly consumed in the EU following a random sampling procedure. The report includes the outcome of a dietary risk assessment based on the results of the overall 2017 control programmes. The comprehensive analysis of the results of all reporting countries provides risk managers with sound-based evidence for designing future monitoring programmes, in particular for taking decisions on which pesticides and food products should be targeted in risk-based national programmes.

PENILAIAN KESEHATAN TERUMBU KARANG MENGGUNAKAN CITRA SATELIT WORLDVIEW-2 DI PULAU PAHAWANG, LAMPUNG, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Error Estimation ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Red Edge ◽  
Standard Error Estimation

<p>Perairan laut Lampung sebagai bagian kecil dari ekosistem terumbu karang Indonesia terindikasi memiliki tren penurunan kualitas karena aktivitas pelayaran dan pariwisata yang ekstensif khususnya di Pulau Pahawang. Kontrol kondisi terumbu karang pada wilayah ini menjadi kegiatan vital dalam rangkaian konservasi sumber daya laut. Sayangnya, pemetaan kesehatan terumbu karang memerlukan survei detail yang memakan banyak waktu, biaya, dan tenaga. Citra sebagai produk data penginderaan jauh hadir sebagai solusi monitoring terumbu karang secara cepat, murah, dan dalam jangkauan wilayah yang relatif luas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memetakan kesehatan terumbu karang melalui citra WorldView-2 (WV-2) serta menguji akurasi peta yang dihasilkan. Metode yang digunakan untuk memetakan kesehatan terumbu karang adalah transformasi nilai <em>pixel</em> pada <em>band-band</em> WV-2 menjadi nilai original objek dengan urutan: 1) koreksi atmosfer (<em>Top of Atmospheric Reflectance)</em>, 2) koreksi kilap air (<em>sun glint</em>), dan 3) koreksi kolom air (metode <em>lyzenga</em>) menghasilkan 15 <em>band</em> DII (<em>depth invariant bottom index</em>). Kelima belas <em>band</em> DII tersebut diubah menjadi nilai kesehatan terumbu karang dengan cara regresi antara nilai <em>pixel</em> pada <em>band</em> DII dengan nilai rasio kesehatan terumbu karang aktual yang diperoleh dari proses kalkulasi acak titik foto transek di lapangan. Tiga tipe regresi (linier, eksponen, dan polinomial) dilakukan untuk melihat persamaan terbaik yang bisa digunakan untuk mentransformasi nilai <em>pixel</em> ke nilai kesehatan terumbu karang. Persamaan terbaik kemudian diimplementasikan menjadi model kesehatan terumbu karang untuk kemudian diuji akurasi menggunakan metode <em>Standard Error Estimation</em>. Hasil terbaik diperoleh pada regresi antara rasio kesehatan terumbu karang dengan <em>b</em><em>and</em> DII <em>Coastal Red-Edge</em> dengan koefisien determinasi (R<sup>2</sup>) sebesar 0,6553 dan akurasi pemetaan sebesar 70,191%. Nilai tersebut menunjukan bahwa citra WV-2 memiliki potensi untuk menjadi instrumen monitoring ekosistem marine yang layak.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong>Depth Invariant Bottom Index, Kesehatan Terumbu Karang, Lyzenga, Regresi, WorldView-2<strong></strong></p>

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