Vertical Distribution of Insect Pests Using Insect Towers Placed Near Potato Fields in the Lower Columbia Basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govinda Shrestha ◽  
Ira D Thompson ◽  
Silvia I Rondon
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Columbia Basin ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Potato Pests ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract This study was conducted at the Oregon State University Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Hermiston, Umatilla County, OR, during the 2016 and 2017 potato, Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae), growing seasons. The objective was to determine the vertical distribution of hemipteran (Bactericera cockerelli Šulc, Circulifer tenellus Baker, Myzus persicae Sulzer, Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas, and Lygus spp.) and thysanopteran (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande and Thrips tabaci Lindeman) potato pests using insect towers placed near potato fields. Towers were 8 m tall and secured to the ground with metal cables. In each tower, yellow sticky cards were mounted at 1.5 m intervals up to 7.6 m aboveground. Data were collected at 7-d intervals from mid-April until mid or end of August. This study showed that B. cockerelli, C. tenellus, M. persicae, Lygus spp., and both species of thrips were captured on sticky cards placed closest to the ground; in both years, as sticky card height increased, abundances decreased. In contrast, trapped M. euphorbiae numbers were not affected by sticky card height. To our knowledge, this is the first study in the lower Columbia Basin of Oregon that evaluated the vertical distribution of major potato pests.

scholarly journals Methodological aspects related to biological assessment of insectoacaricides on flower cultures of protected ground

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
T. V. Dolzhenko ◽  
V. I. Makarenko ◽  
L. A. Burkova
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Greenhouse Whitefly ◽  
Biological Effectiveness

Relevance. Analysis of the present range of pesticides that are used in flower orangeries showed critical shortage of allowed pesticides. Now there are no methods for registration testing of insecticides designed to protect flowers in greenhouses. Thus, the purpose of our research is to develop methodological approaches to assessment of abundance of major pests for flower cultures of protected ground and determination of biological effectiveness of new insectoacaricides.Methods. The following phytophages represent flower pests that are predominant in the protected ground: aphids: green peach – Myzus persicae Sulz., melon and cotton – Aphis gossypii Glov., greenhouse-potato – Aulacorthum solani Kalt., potato – Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thom., green rose – Macrosiphum rosae Linn.; whiteflies: greenhouse whitefly – Trialeurodes vaporariorum Wstw., silverleaf whitefly – Bemisia tabaci Genn.; thrips: tobacco – Thrips tabaci Lind., rose – Th. fuscipennis Hal., western flower – Frankliniella occidentalis Perg., heterophagous – F. intonsa Tryb., greenhouse – Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis Bouche; mites: red spider – Tetranychus urticae Koch.; red greenhouse – T. cinnabarinus BoisdResults. Researches related to assessment of abundance of major pests for flower cultures and choosing methods related to determination of biological effectiveness of insectoacaricides were performed in flower orangeries of Leningrad Region on hybrid tea roses Rosa L., chrysnatemums Chrysanthemum L., gerberas Gerbera G. As a result, the algorithm for performing tests related to study of new insectoacaricides on flower cultures in greenhouses is developed. Methodology instructions that we offer for assessment of abundance of major pests for flower cultures of protected ground and determination of biological effectiveness of new insectoacaricides are intended for ensuring the uniform methodological approach to performance of registration tests of modern means to fight against these pests and opportunity for analysis of tests in various agroclimatic areas and obtaining a reasonable general conclusion and findings related to pesticides taking into account international requirements. 

scholarly journals Trips transmisores de Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) en cultivos de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) para industria

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-102
Author(s):  
A. M. Vincini et al
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

En cultivos de papa de Argentina se ha difundido el virus Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), que en la naturaleza sólo se transmite entre plantas por algunas especies de trips como Frankliniella occidentalis (P.) y Thrips tabaci L. También los cultivos pueden ser infectados mediante los tubérculos-semilla contaminados. Este trabajo propuso determinar la presencia de trips en hojas e inflorescencias de la planta de papa, identificando las especies y los estados de desarrollo, durante la fenología del cultivo, como así también determinar la infección viral secundaria y primaria del cultivo. Se utilizaron dos cultivos de papa, variedades Innovator y Shepody, con un porcentaje inicial de virus TSWV del 2% y 3%, respectivamente. En cada cultivo se determinaron 10 estaciones de muestreo con 8 plantas de papa cada una, de las que semanalmente se tomó una hoja e inflorescencia. De cada planta se tomó un foliolo al inicio y todos los tubérculos al final de su ciclo, los cuales se sometieron a análisis serológico. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados estadísticamente. La papa resultó un soporte biótico adecuado para la alimentación y reproducción de F. occidentalis y T. tabaci, que en sus diferentes estados de desarrollo estuvieron sobre las plantas de papa durante el ciclo del cultivo. En ambas variedades se hallaron larvas, demostrando que un cultivo con infección viral secundaria aporta su propia fuente de inóculo. Todas las plantas que presentaron tubérculos infectados con TSWV estuvieron colonizadas por trips, especialmente F. occidentalis. No todas las plantas que presentaron infección viral secundaria de TSWV produjeron tubérculos infectados.Aceptado para publicación: 28 de julio, 2013.

scholarly journals Estimation of soil organic carbon (SOC) at different soil depths and soil use in the Sumapaz paramo, Cundinamarca - Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Rosa Montes ◽  
José Joaquin Ramos Miras ◽  
Ana María San José Wery
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

The vertical distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC), considered to be a key component of the carbon cycle, is still poorly understood in tropical highest mountain ecosystems such as the Andean paramo. The estimation of the SOC in the presence and absence of anthropic intervention, will help to define policies to mitigate CO2 emissions into the atmosphere from this ecosystem. The aim of this research was to determine soil organic carbon sequestration at three soil depths under two types of soil use in the paramo of Sumapaz, Colombia. The soil variations of pH, phosphorus, aluminum, bulk density, carbon sequestration, cation exchange capacity, texture and to estimate the vertical distribution of soil organic carbon SOC, were evaluated, respectively. Two sites were selected to establish the soil estimations according to soil use: natural vegetation cover and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crop. Samples were taken from 0-25, 25-50 and > 50 cm soil depths. Consequently, eight physical-chemical variables were analyzed in terms of the SOC sequestration estimated for each soil depth and soil. The averages for SOC under natural vegetation cover were: 188 tC.ha-1 to 25 cm, 183 tC.ha-1 to 50 cm, and 178 tC.ha-1 at soil depths below 50cm. For potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crops, SOC sequestration were: 119 tC.ha-1 to 25 cm, 83 tC.ha-1 to 50 cm, and 71.8 tC.ha-1 at soil depths below 50cm. These results allow to support the soil management strategies that addressed to preserve SOC and regulate water level within the ecosystem of the Andean paramo.

The vertical distribution of thin features over the Arctic analysed from CALIPSO observations. Part I: Optically thin clouds

Tellus B ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhay Devasthale ◽  
Michael Tjernström ◽  
Karl-Göran Karlsson ◽  
Manu Anna Thomas ◽  
Colin Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

scholarly journals Continuous borehole optical televiewing reveals variable englacial debris concentrations at Khumbu Glacier, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie E. Miles ◽  
Bryn Hubbard ◽  
Evan S. Miles ◽  
Duncan J. Quincey ◽  
Ann V. Rowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Depth Profile ◽  
Variable Thickness ◽  
Surface Melting ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Ablation Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Surface Melt ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

AbstractSurface melting of High Mountain Asian debris-covered glaciers shapes the seasonal water supply to millions of people. This melt is strongly influenced by the spatially variable thickness of the supraglacial debris layer, which is itself partially controlled by englacial debris concentration and melt-out. Here, we present measurements of deep englacial debris concentrations from debris-covered Khumbu Glacier, Nepal, based on four borehole optical televiewer logs, each up to 150 m long. The mean borehole englacial debris content is ≤ 0.7% by volume in the glacier’s mid-to-upper ablation area, and increases to 6.4% by volume near the terminus. These concentrations are higher than those reported for other valley glaciers, although those measurements relate to discrete samples while our approach yields a continuous depth profile. The vertical distribution of englacial debris increases with depth, but is also highly variable, which will complicate predictions of future rates of surface melt and debris exhumation at such glaciers.

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