Development, Oviposition, and Mortality of Neoseiulus fallacis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in Response to Reduced-Risk Insecticides

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 2114-2120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul T. Villanueva ◽  
James F. Walgenbach
Keyword(s):  
Neoseiulus Fallacis ◽  
Reduced Risk

Lethal time of insecticides on the predator mite Neoseiulus fallacis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) following topical exposure

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Z. Raja Jamil ◽  
Christine Vandervoort ◽  
Larry J. Gut ◽  
Mark E. Whalon ◽  
John C. Wise
Keyword(s):  
United States Of America ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Neoseiulus Fallacis ◽  
Spray Tower ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Integrated Mite Management ◽  
Predator Mite ◽  
Reduced Risk ◽  
Toxicity Effects

AbstractNeoseiulus fallacis (Garman) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is an efficient predator of the European red mite (ERM) (Panonychus ulmi (Koch); Acari: Tetranychidae) in Michigan, United States of America apple orchards and an important part of integrated pest management. Four reduced-risk insecticides (acetamiprid, spinetoram, chlorantraniliprole, and novaluron) and two conventional insecticides (esfenvalerate and carbaryl) were tested against N. fallacis for topical toxicity effects. Bioassays using a Potter spray tower were conducted to measure the topical toxicity of compounds when applied at field rate concentrations to N. fallacis. Lethal time was measured for adult N. fallacis at 4, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after treatment. Carbaryl and esfenvalerate showed the highest levels of toxicity to adult N. fallacis with shortest lethal time values (LT50) whereas the reduced risk insecticides novaluron, acetamiprid, spinetoram, and chlorantraniliprole were nontoxic. This study provides important information to apple growers regarding direct lethal effect of insecticides on predator mites and its implications to integrated mite management.

Understanding Terminal Decline in Cognition and Risk of Death

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Rabbitt ◽  
Mary Lunn ◽  
Danny Wong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Intelligence Test ◽  
Practice Effects ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Impending Death ◽  
Intelligence Test Scores ◽  
Reduced Risk

There is new empirical evidence that the effects of impending death on cognition have been miscalculated because of neglect of the incidence of dropout and of practice gains during longitudinal studies. When these are taken into consideration, amounts and rates of cognitive declines preceding death and dropout are seen to be almost identical, and participants aged 49 to 93 years who neither dropout nor die show little or no decline during a 20-year longitudinal study. Practice effects are theoretically informative. Positive gains are greater for young and more intelligent participants and at all levels of intelligence and durations of practice; declines in scores of 10% or more between successive quadrennial test sessions are risk factors for mortality. Higher baseline intelligence test scores are also associated with reduced risk of mortality, even when demographics and socioeconomic advantage have been taken into consideration.

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