Field Evaluation of Emmer Wheat-Derived Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat for Resistance to Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 1065-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lage ◽  
B. Skovmand ◽  
S. B. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Emmer Wheat ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid

CIMMYT's use of synthetic hexaploid wheat in breeding for adaptation to rainfed environments globally.

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lage ◽  
R. M. Trethowan
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Emmer Wheat ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Interspecific Hybridisation ◽  
Coefficient Of Parentage ◽  
Yield Trial ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid

The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) has had significant impact on wheat production in rainfed regions of the developing world. During the last decade, yield potential has increased in drought-prone areas partly due to the use of synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW), produced through interspecific hybridisation of Triticum turgidum spp. and Aegilops tauschii, followed by chromosome doubling. The objectives of this study were to document the use of SHW in wheat breeding at CIMMYT and quantify its potential effect on global wheat adaptation. The first SHW-derived lines targetted at rainfed conditions appeared in the 5th Semi-Arid Wheat Yield Trial (SAWYT) representing 8% of the lines, increasing to 46% by the 15th SAWYT. During the same period the average coefficient of parentage of SHW in all synthetically derived crosses decreased from 75 to 19%. Average yield rank of genotypes across locations and years was used as a performance indicator of the SHW-derived lines in SAWYT 5–12. In the 5th SAWYT the average rank of the SHW-derived lines was 30 (out of 50) increasing to 25 by the 12th SAWYT. SAWYT 11 was the first trial to include SHW-derived lines bred exclusively for rainfed environments, using directed selection for drought tolerance. International trial data from SAWYT 11 and 12 showed that the SHW-derived line Vorobey was a top-performing line. Vorobey performed well across all environments compared with the best locally adapted check cultivar at each location; trial means ranged from 1 to 8 t/ha. To further exploit genetic diversity for adaptation to drought, SHW has been produced using emmer wheat (T. turgidum L. subsp. dicoccon) as the tetraploid parent. Yield trial data from Mexico show that SHW derivatives based on emmer wheat improved yield performance under drought compared with their drought-tolerant recurrent parents. The use of SHW in wheat breeding for rainfed environments at CIMMYT has increased significantly over the past 10–15 years and the performance and effect of the derived lines have improved with time.

Resistance to Russian Wheat Aphid Biotype 2 in CIMMYT Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Lines

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 1255-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Sotelo ◽  
Sharon Starkey ◽  
Priyamvada Voothuluru ◽  
Gerald E. Wilde ◽  
C. Michael Smith
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Wheat Lines

scholarly journals Additive genetic variance and covariance between relatives in synthetic wheat crosses with variable parental ploidy levels

Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L E Puhl ◽  
J Crossa ◽  
S Munilla ◽  
P Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
R J C Cantet
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Hierarchical Bayesian Model ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid

Abstract Cultivated bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an allohexaploid species resulting from the natural hybridization and chromosome doubling of allotetraploid durum wheat (T. turgidum) and a diploid goatgrass Aegilops tauschii Coss (Ae. tauschii). Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) was developed through the interspecific hybridization of Ae. tauschii and T. turgidum, and then crossed to T. aestivum to produce synthetic hexaploid wheat derivatives (SHWDs). Owing to this founding variability, one may infer that the genetic variances of native wild populations vs improved wheat may vary due to their differential origin and evolutionary history. In this study, we partitioned the additive variance of SHW and SHWD with respect to their breed origin by fitting a hierarchical Bayesian model with heterogeneous covariance structure for breeding values to estimate variance components for each breed category, and segregation variance. Two data sets were used to test the proposed hierarchical Bayesian model, one from a multi-year multi-location field trial of SHWD and the other comprising the two species of SHW. For the SHWD, the Bayesian estimates of additive variances of grain yield from each breed category were similar for T. turgidum and Ae. tauschii, but smaller for T. aestivum. Segregation variances between Ae. tauschii—T. aestivum and T. turgidum—T. aestivum populations explained a sizable proportion of the phenotypic variance. Bayesian additive variance components and the Best Linear Unbiased Predictors (BLUPs) estimated by two well-known software programs were similar for multi-breed origin and for the sum of the breeding values by origin for both data sets. Our results support the suitability of models with heterogeneous additive genetic variances to predict breeding values in wheat crosses with variable ploidy levels.

Effects of drought and high temperature stress on synthetic hexaploid wheat

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam P. Pradhan ◽  
P. V. Vara Prasad ◽  
Allan K. Fritz ◽  
Mary B. Kirkham ◽  
Bikram S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Combined Stress ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Drought and high temperature often occurs simultaneously, causing significant yield losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The objectives of this study were to: (i) quantify independent and combined effects of drought and high temperature stress on synthetic hexaploid wheat genotypes at anthesis and at 21 days after anthesis; and (ii) determine whether responses to stress varied among genotypes. Four synthetic hexaploid and two spring wheat genotypes were grown from emergence to anthesis (Experiment I) and emergence to 21 days after anthesis (Experiment II), with full irrigation and 21/15°C day/night temperature. Thereafter, four treatments were imposed for 16 days as (a) optimum condition: irrigation + 21/15°C, (b) drought stress: withhold irrigation + 21/15°C, (c) high temperature stress: irrigation + 36/30°C and (d) combined stress: withhold irrigation + 36/30°C. Results indicated a decrease in leaf chlorophyll, individual grain weight and grain yield in an increasing magnitude of drought < high temperature < combined stress. There were 69, 81 and 92% grain yield decreases in Experiment I and 26, 37 and 50% in Experiment II under drought, high temperature and combined stress respectively. Synthetic hexaploid wheat genotypes varied in their response to stresses. Genotypes ALTAR 84/AO’S’ and ALTAR 84/Aegilops tauschii Coss. (WX 193) were least affected by combined stress in Experiments I and II respectively. Overall, combined effect of drought + high temperature stress was more detrimental than the individual stress and the interaction effect was hypo-additive in nature.

Registration of Four Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Germplasm Lines with Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight

Crop Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 1500-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Berzonsky ◽  
K.D. Hartel ◽  
S.F. Kianian ◽  
G.D. Leach
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Germplasm ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid

Population‐dependent reproducible deviation from natural bread wheat genome in synthetic hexaploid wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulqader Jighly ◽  
Reem Joukhadar ◽  
Deepmala Sehgal ◽  
Sukhwinder Singh ◽  
Francis C. Ogbonnaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Bread Wheat Genome

Greenhouse Assessment of Seedling Reaction to Tan Spot in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat

Crop Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 952-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana F. Morris ◽  
Brett F. Carver ◽  
Robert M. Hunger ◽  
Arthur R. Klatt
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid
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