Sublethal Effects of Selected Insecticides on Growth and Reproduction of a Laboratory Susceptible Strain of Tufted Apple Bud Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Biddinger ◽  
L. A. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Tufted Apple Bud Moth ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Effectiveness of a Secondary Impoundment System in Reducing Industrial Wastewater Toxicity

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2349-2352 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Khan ◽  
D. Kent ◽  
J. Barbieri ◽  
S. Khan ◽  
F. Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
First Year ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Cladoceran Species ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Aquatic toxicity testing was employed over a three year period to test the effectiveness of a secondary impoundment system in reducing biological toxicity of an industrial wastewater discharge. A two tiered approach was used to determine the effects of the wastewater on two cladoceran species, Daphniamagna and Ceriodaphniadubia, and two sensitive life stages of a vertebrate, Pimephalespromelas. Endpoints measured were both acute (lethality) and chronic (growth and reproduction). Results from the first year of testing, conducted on wastewater collected from the inflow to the secondary impoundment system, indicated both lethal and sublethal effects. Results from the second year of testing, conducted on the outflow of the secondary impoundment system, showed reduced chronic toxicity and complete absence of acute toxicity. Minor modifications were made to the existing treatment system and toxicity testing was conducted for the second consecutive year on the outflow of the secondary impoundment system. Results from the third year of testing showed no acute or chronic toxicity, indicating improved wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals rDEBtktd, an R-package for analysis and forward-prediction of sublethal effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie TRIJAU ◽  
Benoit GOUSSEN ◽  
Andre GERGS ◽  
Sandrine CHARLES
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
R Package ◽  
Time Variable ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
Whole Life Cycle ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of chemicals is based on standard laboratory toxicity tests with living organisms which ensure controlled experimental conditions and reproducibility. These toxicity tests are usually carried out under constant exposure concentrations, which can be far from reality of environmental exposure regimes as foreseen by the practical use of chemicals. In that respect mechanistic effect modelling, such as Toxicokinectic – Toxicodynamic (TKTD) modelling, has recently been playing an increasing role in the extrapolation of effects from constant controlled exposure conditions to time-variable exposure, closer to real environmental conditions. Among TKTD models, models based on the Dynamic Energy Budget theory adapted for ecotoxicology (DEB-TKTD models) offer a comprehensive framework to analyse and extrapolate sublethal effects (growth and reproduction) of chemicals on individual organisms across their whole life cycle. While the EFSA Scientific Opinion on the state of the art of TKTD effect models (EFSA PPR, 2018. EFSA Journal;16(8):5377) considers DEB-TKTD models as valuable tools for ERA, their full acceptance by stake-holders still requires the development of standardized and user-friendly tools. To bridge this gap, we developed ready-to-use functions within a new R package “rDEBtktd”. This package takes advantage of the general Bayesian framework thus enabling the estimation of probability distributions for physiological DEB parameters and TKTD parameters, from which uncertainties can be easily quantified to be then propagated to forward-predictions for untested time-variable exposure scenarios. The physiological part of the DEB-TKTD model we implemented follows the original definition of the DEB model, which allows using the parameter values available for more than 1000 species in the Add-my-Pet database as prior information for the Bayesian inference process. This poster illustrates: (1) how to simply simultaneously estimate all the parameters of the DEB-TKTD model from one or several growth and reproduction datasets, (2) how to produce informative summaries to assess the results of the Bayesian inference and check all goodness-of-fit criteria, (3) how to make growth and reproduction predictions for untested time-variable exposure scenarios, (4) and finally the influence of both data quantity and design on the precision of parameter estimates. Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of chemicals is based on standard laboratory toxicity tests with living organisms which ensure controlled experimental conditions and reproducibility. These toxicity tests are usually carried out under constant exposure concentrations, which can be far from reality of environmental exposure regimes as foreseen by the practical use of chemicals. In that respect mechanistic effect modelling, such as Toxicokinectic – Toxicodynamic (TKTD) modelling, has recently been playing an increasing role in the extrapolation of effects from constant controlled exposure conditions to time-variable exposure, closer to real environmental conditions. Among TKTD models, models based on the Dynamic Energy Budget theory adapted for ecotoxicology (DEB-TKTD models) offer a comprehensive framework to analyse and extrapolate sublethal effects (growth and reproduction) of chemicals on individual organisms across their whole life cycle. While the EFSA Scientific Opinion on the state of the art of TKTD effect models (EFSA PPR, 2018. EFSA Journal;16(8):5377) considers DEB-TKTD models as valuable tools for ERA, their full acceptance by stake-holders still requires the development of standardized and user-friendly tools. To bridge this gap, we developed ready-to-use functions within a new R package “rDEBtktd”. This package takes advantage of the general Bayesian framework thus enabling the estimation of probability distributions for physiological DEB parameters and TKTD parameters, from which uncertainties can be easily quantified to be then propagated to forward-predictions for untested time-variable exposure scenarios. The physiological part of the DEB-TKTD model we implemented follows the original definition of the DEB model, which allows using the parameter values available for more than 1000 species in the Add-my-Pet database as prior information for the Bayesian inference process. This poster illustrates: (1) how to simply simultaneously estimate all the parameters of the DEB-TKTD model from one or several growth and reproduction datasets, (2) how to produce informative summaries to assess the results of the Bayesian inference and check all goodness-of-fit criteria, (3) how to make growth and reproduction predictions for untested time-variable exposure scenarios, (4) and finally the influence of both data quantity and design on the precision of parameter estimates.

Examining Sublethal Effects of Anticoagulant Rodenticides on Haemosporidian Parasitemia and Body Condition in Migratory Red-Tailed Hawks

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Kwasnoski ◽  
Kristina A. Dudus ◽  
Allen M. Fish ◽  
Emily V. Abernathy ◽  
Christopher W. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Anticoagulant Rodenticides

The influences of density on growth and reproduction in moose Alces alces

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Ferguson ◽  
Alan R. Bisset ◽  
François Messier
Keyword(s):  
Alces Alces ◽  
Growth And Reproduction
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