Effect of Endophyte Incidence in Perennial Ryegrass on Distribution, Host-Choice, and Performance of the Hairy Chinch Bug (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Carriere ◽  
Andre Bouchard ◽  
Steeve Bourassa ◽  
Jacques Brodeur
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Host Choice ◽  
Chinch Bug ◽  
And Performance

The effects of bacterial inoculation of unwilted and wilted grass silages on digestibility by sheep and intake and performance by dairy cows

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 66-66
Author(s):  
T. Yan ◽  
D.C. Patterson ◽  
F.J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Bacterial Inoculation ◽  
Bacterial Inoculants ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Two Parameters

In a previous study carried out at this Institute the application of a bacterial inoculant to unwilted grass at ensiling produced significant increases in silage DM intake and milk production across 3 harvests, while the use of the inoculant with wilted grass silages indicated no benefits in those two parameters (Yan, Patterson and Gordon, 1995). The reason for the lack of improvement when the inoculant was used with wilted grass silages was unclear, but could partially reflect greater potential rates of aerobic deterioration with wilted inoculated than wilted untreated silages during the feeding-out period. The present study was designed to further investigate the effects of inoculation of both unwilted and wilted grass silages.A set of four silages, comprising unwilted and wilted material, both with and without application of one of four bacterial inoculants at ensiling, was prepared from perennial ryegrass swards on each of 8 harvesting occasions during 1994.

Drought and biostimulant impacts on mineral nutrients, ambient and reflected light-based chlorophyll index, and performance of perennial ryegrass

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (16) ◽  
pp. 2248-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahla Mahdavi ◽  
Mohsen Kafi ◽  
Esmaeil Fallahi ◽  
Majid Shokrpour ◽  
Leila Tabrizi
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Cool-season Grasses for Overseeding Sport Turfs: Germination and Performance under Limiting Environmental Conditions

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Rossini ◽  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
Tiziano Celli ◽  
Francesco Maria Rogai ◽  
Ljiljana Kuzmanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Chamber Study ◽  
And Performance

In the transition zone, warm-season grasses are often overseeded with diploid perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L., 2n = 2x = 14) to provide a temporary green surface for winter sporting activities. Because improved cultivars of perennial ryegrass will often persist into summer in overseeded turf, alternative cool-season grasses have been developed to facilitate more rapid transition back to the warm-season species. Limited information is available on these alternative species, especially with regard to their germination characteristics under shade and performance under limiting factors, such as low temperature and restricted photoperiod. Greenhouse and growth chamber studies were designed to test four alternative overseeding grasses in comparison with diploid perennial ryegrass, to verify their potential use in the artificial environment of modern stadiums. Meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.), tetraploid perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L., 2n = 4x = 28), annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and spreading diploid perennial ryegrass [Lolium perenne L. subsp. stoloniferum (C. Lawson) Wipff.] were tested. Six different shade treatments were used in the greenhouse study, including 30%, 50%, 70%, 90%, and 100% shade and a nonshaded control (0% shade). Germination was monitored daily over a 21-day period by counting and removing emerged seedlings. The experimental design for this study was a randomized complete block design, with four replications of each species and shade level for a total of 120 experimental units. In the growth chamber study, the same plant material was tested simulating optimal, suboptimal, and critical environmental conditions that can be potentially found within a modern sport facility. In the greenhouse study, the highest final germination was observed with annual ryegrass at 90% shade (98.7%), whereas the lowest for tetraploid perennial ryegrass at 30% shade (58.8%). Annual ryegrass was the fastest emerging species, whereas meadow fescue the slowest. In the growth chamber study, in comparison with perennial ryegrass, the following results may be summarized: 1) meadow fescue and tetraploid ryegrass showed coarser leaf texture, similar growth rates and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) value; 2) annual ryegrass had similar leaf texture, accelerated growth characteristics, and lower NDVI value; and 3) spreading perennial ryegrass displayed finer leaf texture, lower vertical growth, and similar NDVI value.

The effect of herbage allowance on herbage intake and performance of ewes and their twin lambs grazing perennial ryegrass

1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Gibb ◽  
T. T. Treacher
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Herbage Intake ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Positive Effect

SUMMARYThe effect of herbage allowance on the intake and performance of Scottish Half bred ewes with twin lambs was investigated over the first 16 weeks of lactation. Herbage allowances were defined as g herbage D.M./kg live weight (LW)/day, and were maintained by provision of fresh areas of ungrazed sward each day.Herbage allowances in the range 25–120 g D.M./kg LW/day were offered on an area of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. S. 23). Parturition was synchronized and ewes and lambs were turned out to pasture 1 day after lambing.Measurements were made of the herbage intake, live-weight change and milk yield of ewes, of lamb growth rates and of the herbage intake of lambs from 10 weeks of age.Herbage allowance had a significant linear effect on intakes of grass by ewes and lambs. The highest intakes by the ewes were achieved during the second week, and were in the range 23–43 g OM/kg LW/day. Intakes declined, as lactation proceeded, to 19–29 g OM/kg LW/day at week 12. Intakes of lambs were similar in weeks 10 and 12 and were in the range 17–24 g OM/kg LW/day. Allowance had a significant effect on live-weight change of the ewes after the first month and upon final body condition.There was no effect of allowance on milk yield until week 6. Mean milk yields were 2·3 kg/day at day 14, 1·0–1·5 kg/day at day 42 and 0·7–1·1 kg/day at day 84. There was a positive effect of allowance on growth rates of the lambs after the first month. Mean overall growth rates to 84 days of age were 175–243 g/day.

Lamb performance on two silages and two concentrates fed alone and in combination

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 80-80
Author(s):  
C A Morgan ◽  
A R Henderson ◽  
D H Anderson ◽  
J FitzSimons ◽  
T H McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
And Performance

Intakes of well-fermented silages by store lambs can be disappointing, with liveweight gains well below the 100 to 125 g/d required to fatten lambs over the winter. To achieve high levels of gain it has been necessary to supplement grass silages. Barley, as an energy supplement, has increased the intake of dry matter but often the intake of silage dry matter is decreased. Protein supplements, on the other hand, have been shown to increase silage DM intake. The objectives of this study were to compare the effects on intake and performance of store lambs of two supplements of differing protein content when offered as the sole constituent of the diet or with one of two silages at two levels of supplementation.After a 24 hour wilt, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was ensiled: half of the material was untreated and half was treated with an additive which contained lactic acid bacteria (supplying 106 cfu/g), Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus and enzymes derived from Trichoderma reesei.

Effect of sward surface height of mixed swards of ryegrass/white clover on the intake and performance by ewes and their twin lambs

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
R.J. Orr ◽  
P.D. Penning ◽  
A.J. Parsons ◽  
T.T. Treacher
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Grass Sward

Mixed swards of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. S23) and white clover (Trifolium repens cv. Huia) were maintained at sward surface heights (SSH) of 3 (GC3), 6 (GC6) and 9 cm (GC9) by continuous variable stocking to examine effects on sward and animal performance. In addition, a pure grass sward of S23 was kept at 6 cm (G6) and fertilized with 14 applications of 30 kg N per ha at fortnightly intervals, beginning on 25 March. The swards were sown in August 1983, cut twice in 1984, in May and June, and then grazed thereafter. Fertilizer was applied to the seedbed at 40 kg N per ha, 20 kg P205 per ha and 20 kg K20 per ha. In March 1984 and 1985, 20 kg per ha each of P205 and K2O were applied to all plots.Dry sheep grazed the paddocks (0.69 ha) to the required SSH's with grazing starting on 4 April, 9 April, 12 April and 24 April for treatments GC3, G6, GC6 and GC9, respectively. On 24 April, two days after lambing, core groups of 8 Scottish Halfbred ewes with twin lambs were put on the plots. Additional ewes, kept on swards similar to the treatment areas, were used to adjust the stocking rate to maintain the SSH's. These were measured three times each week with 200 readings per plot.

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