Detection and Characterization of the Mechanisms of Resistance to Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Tall Wheat grass

1995 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 1503-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Kindler ◽  
T. L. Springer ◽  
K. B. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council: Dominance of OXA-48 and NDM Producers

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 3085-3090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam M. Zowawi ◽  
Anna L. Sartor ◽  
Hanan H. Balkhy ◽  
Timothy R. Walsh ◽  
Sameera M. Al Johani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Gcc Countries

ABSTRACTThe molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of resistance of carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae(CRE) were determined in hospitals in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), namely, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait. Isolates were subjected to PCR-based detection of antibiotic-resistant genes and repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) assessments of clonality. Sixty-two isolates which screened positive for potential carbapenemase production were assessed, and 45 were found to produce carbapenemase. The most common carbapenemases were of the OXA-48 (35 isolates) and NDM (16 isolates) types; 6 isolates were found to coproduce the OXA-48 and NDM types. No KPC-type, VIM-type, or IMP-type producers were detected. Multiple clones were detected with seven clusters of clonally relatedKlebsiella pneumoniae. Awareness of CRE in GCC countries has important implications for controlling the spread of CRE in the Middle East and in hospitals accommodating patients transferred from the region.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Russian wheat aphid consumption by spiders in winter wheat

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Kerzicnik ◽  
Eric G. Chapman ◽  
James D. Harwood ◽  
Frank B. Peairs ◽  
Paula E. Cushing
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Aphid Consumption

scholarly journals Evolution and characterization of carboplatin resistance at single cell resolution

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devora Champa ◽  
Si Sun ◽  
Cheng-Yu Tsai ◽  
Stephen B. Howell ◽  
Olivier Harismendy
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Single Cell Analysis ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Cell Analysis ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Clone Identity

AbstractAcquired resistance to carboplatin is a major obstacle to the cure of ovarian cancer, but its molecular underpinnings are still poorly defined. We selected multiple clones derived from a single cell in parallel for similar levels of resistance to carboplatin. The resistant clones showed no significant genetic alterations, but each one activated different mechanisms of resistance resulting in transcriptional heterogeneity. Single-cell mRNA sequencing defined multiple transcriptional states associated with clone identity and resistance evolution, and identified a subset of unselected parental cells that were already in a resistant state. Six expression signatures derived from the resistant states distinguished primary from recurrent high-grade serous ovarian cancers, predicted both response and survival and disclosed functional differences between intrinsic and acquired resistance. This multidimensional, single-cell analysis offers new insights into the dynamics of the acquisition of resistance to carboplatin, a drug of major importance to the treatment of ovarian and other cancers.

scholarly journals Development and Characterization of Wheat Germplasm with Combined Resistance to Russian Wheat Aphid and Stem Rust (Race “Ug99”) in Kenya

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 767-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrick O. Amulaka ◽  
Joyce N. Maling’a ◽  
Mehmet Cakir ◽  
Richard M. S. Mulwa
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Wheat Germplasm

Selection and characterization of BCR-ABL positive cell lines with differential sensitivity to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571: diverse mechanisms of resistance

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 1070-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Xavier Mahon ◽  
Michael W. N. Deininger ◽  
Beate Schultheis ◽  
Jérome Chabrol ◽  
Josy Reiffers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Abl Kinase

Targeting the tyrosine kinase activity of Bcr-Abl with STI571 is an attractive therapeutic strategy in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). A few CML cell lines and primary progenitors are, however, resistant to this compound. We investigated the mechanism of this resistance in clones of the murine BaF/3 cells transfected with BCR-ABL and in 4 human cell lines from which sensitive (s) and resistant (r) clones were generated by various methods. Although the resistant cells were able to survive in the presence of STI571, their proliferation was approximately 30% lower than that of their sensitive counterparts in the absence of the compound. The concentration of STI571 needed for a 50% reduction in viable cells after a 3-day exposure was on average 10 times higher in the resistant (2-3 μmol/L) than in the sensitive (0.2-0.25 μmol/L) clones. The mechanism of resistance to STI571 varied among the cell lines. Thus, in Baf/BCR-ABL-r, LAMA84-r, and AR230-r, there was up-regulation of the Bcr-Abl protein associated with amplification of the BCR-ABL gene. In K562-r, there was no Bcr-Abl overexpression, but the IC50 for the inhibition of Bcr-Abl autophosphorylation was increased in the resistant clones. Sequencing of the Abl kinase domain revealed no mutations. The multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (Pgp) was overexpressed in LAMA84-r, indicating that at least 2 mechanisms of resistance operate in this cell line. KCL22-r showed neither Bcr-Abl up-regulation nor a higher threshold for tyrosine kinase inhibition by STI571. We conclude that BCR-ABL–positive cells can evade the inhibitory effect of STI571 by different mechanisms, such as Bcr-Abl overexpression, reduced intake mediated by Pgp, and, possibly, acquisition of compensatory mutations in genes other than BCR-ABL.

scholarly journals Characterization of Eight Russian Wheat Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Biotypes Using Two-Category Resistant-Susceptible Plant Responses

2014 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 1274-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Puterka ◽  
S. J. Nicholson ◽  
M. J. Brown ◽  
W. R. Cooper ◽  
F. B. Peairs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Susceptible Plant

Characterization of mechanisms of resistance against Didymella pinodes in Pisum spp.

2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Carrillo ◽  
D. Rubiales ◽  
A. Pérez-de-Luque ◽  
S. Fondevilla
Keyword(s):  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Didymella Pinodes
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