Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Population Development and Plant Damage on Resistant and Susceptible Wheat

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1761-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Quisenberry ◽  
D. J. Schotzko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Plant Damage

Plant Damage and Yield Response to the Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Susceptible and Resistant Winter Wheats in Colorado

2003 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri L. Randolph ◽  
Frank B. Peairs ◽  
Mary K. Kroening ◽  
John S. Armstrong ◽  
Robert W. Hammon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Plant Damage

Wheat Genotype, Early Plant Growth Stage and Infestation Density Effects on Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Population Increase and Plant Damage

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez ◽  
Dennis J. Schotzko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Diuraphis Noxia ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plant Damage ◽  
Aphid Density

Population increase of the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Homoptera: Aphididae), and its effect on early plant growth and damage were studied under laboratory conditions on two winter wheat genotypes, susceptible ‘Stephens’ and resistant 10085-5. Three early plant growth stages (one-, two-, and three-leaf stage), and three insect densities (0, 5 and 20 aphids per plant) were compared. Insect counts, plant damage assessments, plant height, leaf number and dry weight measurements were made. Diuraphis noxia population increase was greater on ‘Stephens’ than on 10085-5, but this was highly influenced by plant growth stage at time of infestation and initial aphid density. Host quality of ‘Stephens’ decreased rapidly when plants were infested at the 1 -left stage, especially with the high initial density (20 aphids), resulting in low aphid population increase. For all plant developmental stages and genotypes, D. noxia per capita population increase was lower at initial densities of 20 compared to 5 aphids per plant, probably due to a density-dependent reduction in reproductive rate associated with a reduction in host-plant quality and/or crowding. Diuraphis noxia significantly affected plant growth, but the magnitude of the effect was influenced by genotype. In general, susceptible ‘Stephens’ had significantly more damage and a greater reduction in growth than resistant 10085-5.

Registration of Six Wheat-Rye Addition Lines Resistant to the Russian Wheat Aphid

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabwe K. Nkongolo ◽  
Scott D. Haley ◽  
James S. Quick ◽  
Frank B. Peairs
Keyword(s):  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Addition Lines

Ethephon for American Ginseng (Panax quiquefolium L.) Inflorescence Removal

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 481b-481
Author(s):  
A.E. Fiebig ◽  
J.T.A. Proctor ◽  
D. Murr ◽  
R. Releeder
Keyword(s):  
Additive Concentration ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Fruit Removal ◽  
Plant Damage ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Production Practice ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Mass Increase ◽  
Standard Production

Varying concentrations (500-4000 mg·L–1) of ethephon, an ethylene-releasing compound, were applied to 3-year-old ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) plants in fields of southern Ontario. The effects of this chemical on fruit removal, plant damage, infructescence morphology, and root mass were studied and compared to the normal practice of manual inflorescence removal. The highest concentrations had the highest rates of removal but also caused the greatest amount of damage to the whole plants when compared to the mid-range concentrations. The lowest concentrations showed less foliar damage but did not provide sufficient fruit removal to mimic hand removal. When individual inflorescences of the ethephon treatments were studied, the seed heads had fewer ripe berries and more unpollinated florets than the untreated controls. When root masses were compared, high and low concentrations showed lower masses than those of the standard production practice of hand removal. However, mid range concentrations showed similar root mass increase to manual removal. When all parameters were considered, the concentration range giving the best results was 1000-1500 mg·L–1. Multiple applications of ethephon, at weekly intervals, had an additive effect on flower removal and plant damage. Treatments having an additive concentration of over 2000 mg·L–1 had detrimental effects on all parameters. Those within the 1000–1500 mg·L–1 range showed the highest similarity to the hand removal benefits.

Indices of Plant Damage and Heritability of Tolerance to the Spotted Alfalfa Aphid in Alfalfa

Crop Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1337-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Jimenez ◽  
J. L. Caddel ◽  
R. C. Berberet ◽  
R. W. McNew
Keyword(s):  
Plant Damage

Registration of Russian Wheat Aphid Resistant Hard Red Spring Wheat Germplasm

Crop Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1420-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Lanning ◽  
L. E. Talbert ◽  
G. D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Germplasm

A Microsatellite Marker for Tagging , a Wheat Gene Conferring Resistance to the Russian Wheat Aphid

Crop Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Miller ◽  
Ahu Altinkut ◽  
Nora L.V. Lapitan
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Marker ◽  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Wheat Gene

scholarly journals Is High Whitefly Abundance on Cassava in Sub-Saharan Africa Driven by Biological Traits of a Specific, Cryptic Bemisia tabaci Species?

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Habibu Mugerwa ◽  
Peter Sseruwagi ◽  
John Colvin ◽  
Susan Seal
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Species Classification ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Sub Saharan

In East Africa, the prevalent Bemisia tabaci whiteflies on the food security crop cassava are classified as sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) species. Economically damaging cassava whitefly populations were associated with the SSA2 species in the 1990s, but more recently, it has been to SSA1 species. To investigate whether biological traits (number of first instar nymphs, emerged adults, proportion of females in progeny and development time) of the cassava whitefly species are significant drivers of the observed field abundance, our study determined the development of SSA1 sub-group (SG) 1 (5 populations), SG2 (5 populations), SG3 (1 population) and SSA2 (1 population) on cassava and eggplant under laboratory conditions. SSA1-(SG1-SG2) and SSA2 populations’ development traits were similar. Regardless of the host plant, SSA1-SG2 populations had the highest number of first instar nymphs (60.6 ± 3.4) and emerged adults (50.9 ± 3.6), followed by SSA1-SG1 (55.5 ± 3.2 and 44.6 ± 3.3), SSA2 (45.8 ± 5.7 and 32.6 ± 5.1) and the lowest were SSA1-SG3 (34.2 ± 6.1 and 32.0 ± 7.1) populations. SSA1-SG3 population had the shortest egg–adult emergence development time (26.7 days), followed by SSA1-SG1 (29.1 days), SSA1-SG2 (29.6 days) and SSA2 (32.2 days). Regardless of the whitefly population, development time was significantly shorter on eggplant (25.1 ± 0.9 days) than cassava (34.6 ± 1.0 days). These results support that SSA1-(SG1-SG2) and SSA2 B. tabaci can become highly abundant on cassava, with their species classification alone not correlating with observed abundance and prevalence.

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