Biological Effects of Developing Sorghum Panicles in a Meridic Diet on Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Development

1986 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1637-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Wiseman ◽  
H. N. Pitre ◽  
S. L. Fales ◽  
R. R. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Meridic Diet

scholarly journals Impact of an Exotic Invasive Pest, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on Resident Communities of Pest and Natural Enemies in Maize Fields in Kenya

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1074
Author(s):  
Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame ◽  
Boaz Musyoka ◽  
Julius Obonyo ◽  
François Rebaudo ◽  
Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Exotic Invasive Species ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exotic Invasive ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The interactions among insect communities influence the composition of pest complexes that attack crops and, in parallel, their natural enemies, which regulate their abundance. The lepidopteran stemborers have been the major maize pests in Kenya. Their population has been regulated by natural enemies, mostly parasitoids, some of which have been used for biological control. It is not known how a new exotic invasive species, such as the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), may affect the abundance and parasitism of the resident stemborers. For this reason, pest and parasitism surveys have been conducted, before and after the FAW invaded Kenya, in maize fields in 40 localities across 6 agroecological zones (AEZs) during the maize-growing season, as well as at 3 different plant growth stages (pre-tasseling, reproductive, and senescence stages) in 2 elevations at mid-altitude, where all maize stemborer species used to occur together. Results indicated that the introduction of the FAW significantly correlated with the reduction of the abundance of the resident communities of maize stemborers and parasitoids in maize fields; moreover, the decrease of stemborer density after the arrival of FAW occurred mostly at both reproductive and senescent maize stages. It also suggests a possible displacement of stemborers by FAW elsewhere; for example, to other cereals. However, since this study was conducted only three years after the introduction of the FAW, further studies will need to be conducted to confirm such displacements.

scholarly journals First record of a parasitoid, Megaselia (M) scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae) of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from India

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharanabasappa S. Deshmukh ◽  
S. Kiran ◽  
Atanu Naskar ◽  
Palam Pradeep ◽  
C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outer Surface ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
First Record ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Megaselia Scalaris ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), has become a major threat in maize cultivation since its invasion to India in 2018. The humpbacked fly, Megaselia scalaris (Loew) (Diptera: Phoridae), was recorded as a laboratory parasitoid of FAW, for the first time in India. Initially, 30–40 maggots of M. (M) scalaris emerged out from the dead pre-pupa and pupa of laboratory-reared FAW. The fly laid up to 15 eggs on the outer surface of 6th instar larva or pre-pupa of the FAW. The incubation period was 1–2 days. The fly had 3 larval instars which lasted 3–4 days and a pupal period of 10–11 days. The adults survived for 6–7 days.

Effects of Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Interstrain Mating in Wild Populations

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod N. Nagoshi ◽  
Robert L. Meagher ◽  
Gregg Nuessly ◽  
David G. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Isolation and DNA Barcode Characterization of a PermanentTelenomus(Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) Population in Florida That Targets Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirian M. Hay-Roe ◽  
Rodney N. Nagoshi ◽  
Robert L. Meagher ◽  
Myriam Arias De Lopez ◽  
Rogelio Trabanino
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Impact of Bt cotton on the immune system and histology of the midgut of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin M. Cunha ◽  
Valéria Wanderley-Teixeira ◽  
Jorge B. Torres ◽  
Álvaro A.C. Teixeira ◽  
Thiago J.S. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Cry1ac Toxin ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Natural Tolerance ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Despite the efficiency of transgenic plants expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins as insecticides against several lepidopterans, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one species that presents low susceptibility to most Bt crops. This study investigated the effects of the Cry1Ac toxin expressed by Bt cotton in the midgut of S. frugiperda and its effects on the humoral and cellular immune responses. Three hypotheses were proposed and tested with contributing factors for the natural tolerance of S. frugiperda: (i) midgut regenerative cells are activated by the Cry1Ac toxin, and thus renew the epithelial cells damaged by the protein, (ii) Cry1Ac increased production of nitric oxide or phenoloxidase in the hemolymph, and (iii) there are qualitative and quantitative variations in the hemocyte levels of S. frugiperda. Caterpillars were reared using Bt cotton (Acala 90B) and non-Bt isolines (Acala 90), from the first to the fourth instar. The Bt cotton promoted elongation of the epithelial cells in the midgut of S. frugiperda caterpillars. Hence, evidence only supported the hypothesised increase of phenoloxidase (ii) and qualitative and quantitative differences in hemocyte levels (iii) in insects that were fed with Bt and non-Bt cotton. These parameters seem to explain the low susceptibility of S. frugiperda to Cry1Ac toxin and they are a viable set of responses for the evaluation of other xenobiotic factors.

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