Evidence for Green Peach Aphid Resistance to Organo-Phosphorous Insecticides1

1955 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward W. Anthon
Keyword(s):  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Aphid Resistance

scholarly journals The Arabidopsis PAD4 Lipase-Like Domain Is Sufficient for Resistance to Green Peach Aphid

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joram A. Dongus ◽  
Deepak D. Bhandari ◽  
Monika Patel ◽  
Lani Archer ◽  
Lucas Dijkgraaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Aphid Resistance ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Transgenic Expression ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes

Plants have evolved mechanisms to protect themselves against pathogenic microbes and insect pests. In Arabidopsis, the immune regulator PAD4 functions with its cognate partner EDS1 to limit pathogen growth. PAD4, independently of EDS1, reduces infestation by green peach aphid (GPA). How PAD4 regulates these defense outputs is unclear. By expressing the N-terminal PAD4 lipase-like domain (PAD4LLD) without its C-terminal EDS1-PAD4 (EP) domain, we interrogated PAD4 functions in plant defense. Here, we show that transgenic expression of PAD4LLD in Arabidopsis is sufficient for limiting GPA infestation but not for conferring basal and effector-triggered pathogen immunity. This suggests that the C-terminal PAD4 EP domain is necessary for EDS1-dependent immune functions but is dispensable for aphid resistance. Moreover, PAD4LLD is not sufficient to interact with EDS1, indicating the PAD4-EP domain is required for stable heterodimerization. These data provide molecular evidence that PAD4 has domain-specific functions.

scholarly journals Comparison of Capsicum annuum and C. pubescens for Antixenosis as a Means of Aphid Resistance

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Bosland ◽  
John J. Ellington
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Aphid Resistance ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Plant Choice

Accessions of Capsicum annuum L., a susceptible host, and C. pubescens (R. & P.), a resistant host, were grown in a replicated greenhouse study to test whether antixenosis (nonpreference), antibiosis, or both was the mechanism for resistance to green peach aphid [Myzus persicae (Sulzer)]. A plant choice experiment established that aphids preferred C. annuum to C. pubescens. A no-plant choice test was not undertaken; nevertheless, the aphid's reproductive rates were measured in leaf containment cages and were similar on both hosts. The mechanism of antibiosis was not indicated because fecundity was not reduced in the containment cages; however, other measures of antibiosis were not studied. These observations suggest that antixenosis may be functioning in C. pubescens.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Desaturases in the chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum promote susceptibility to the Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae, in Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamei Li ◽  
Aravind L. Galla ◽  
Carlos Augusto Avila ◽  
Kaitlin Flattmann ◽  
Kaleb L. Vaughn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Aphid Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturases ◽  
Triple Mutant

Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) in plants influence levels of susceptibility to multiple stresses, including insect infestations. In this study, infestations of the greAtFABen peach aphid (Myzus persicae) on Arabidopsis thaliana were reduced by mutations in three desaturases: FAB2/SSI2, which encodes a chloroplastic stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase, and AtFAD7 or AtFAD3, which encode ω-3 FADs in the chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) respectively. These data indicate that certain FADs promote susceptibility to aphids, and that aphids are impacted by desaturases in both the chloroplast and ER. Aphid resistance in ssi2, fad3, and/or fad7 might involve altered signaling between these subcellular compartments. C18:1 levels are depleted in ssi2, whereas C18:2 accumulation is enhanced in fad3 and fad7. In contrast, fad8 has higher than normal C18:2 levels but also high C18:1 and low C18:0, and does not impact aphid numbers. Potentially, aphids may be influenced by the balance of multiple fatty acids (FAs) rather than by a single species, with C18:2 promoting aphid resistance and C18:1 promoting susceptibility. Although the fad7 mutant also accumulates higher-than-normal levels of C16:2, this FA does not contribute to aphid resistance because a triple mutant line that lacks detectable levels of C16:2 (fad2fad6fad7) retains comparable levels of aphid resistance as fad7. In addition, aphid numbers are unaffected by the fad5 mutation that inhibits C16:1 synthesis. Together, these results demonstrate that certain FADs are important susceptibility factors in plant-aphid interactions, and that aphid resistance is more strongly associated with differences in C18 abundance than C16 abundance.

Green peach aphid resistance by glandular trichomes inSolanum tuberosum xS. berthaultii hybrids

1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward M. Tingey ◽  
Robert L. Plaisted ◽  
Jean E. Laubengayer ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Aphid Resistance

Inheritance of green peach aphid resistance in the peach cultivar 'Rubira'

2002 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pascal ◽  
F. Pfeiffer ◽  
J. Kervella ◽  
J. P. Lacroze ◽  
M. H. Sauge
Keyword(s):  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Aphid Resistance ◽  
Peach Cultivar

Green peach aphid and potato leafroll virus: transmission and control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Bagrov ◽  
◽  
V.I. Leunov
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Potato Leafroll Virus ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Tuber Necrosis ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
And Control

The mechanisms of transmission of potato viruses from plants to aphid vectors and from aphids to uninfected plants are described, including the example of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae, GPA). Factors affecting the spreading of tuber necrosis and its manifestation on plants infected with potato leafroll virus (PLRV) are discussed. Recommendations for PLRV and GPA control in the field are given.

Variation in Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Biotypes Within Fields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Bhusal ◽  
R L Koch ◽  
A J Lorenz
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Aphis Glycines ◽  
Aphid Resistance ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Single Field ◽  
Aphis Glycines Matsumura ◽  
Multiple Resistance Genes

Abstract Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae)) has been a major pest of soybean in North America since its detection in this continent in 2000 and subsequent spread. Although several aphid resistance genes have been identified, at least four soybean aphid biotypes have been discovered, with three of them being virulent on soybean cultivars with certain soybean aphid resistance genes. These biotypes are known to vary across years and locations, but information on their variation within single fields is limited. An investigation was conducted to study the variation of soybean aphid biotypes within single townships and fields in Minnesota. Screening of 28 soybean aphid isolates collected from seven soybean fields (six soybean fields in Cairo and Wellington Townships of Renville County, MN and one field in Wilmar Township of Kandiyohi County, MN) revealed the existence of multiple known biotypes of soybean aphid within single fields of soybean. We found up to three biotypes of soybean aphid in a single field. Two biotypes were found in five fields while only one field had only a single biotype. Three isolates presented reactions on a panel of resistant and susceptible indicator lines that were different from known biotypes. These results highlight the importance of characterizing soybean aphid biotypes in small geographical areas and utilizing generated knowledge to develop soybean cultivars pyramided with multiple resistance genes. The outcome will be decreased use of insecticides, thereby improving economic and environmental sustainability of soybean production.

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