scholarly journals 174 Effects of high degree deacetylated chitosan supplementation on yolk and blood immune status of laying hens.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (suppl_3) ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
A Farivar ◽  
N Saber ◽  
Z Şahan ◽  
U Serbester ◽  
F Yenilmez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Status ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Deacetylated Chitosan

Taxonomy of Pathogen Codetection in Pediatric Case Fatalities with Adenoviral Respiratory Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (05) ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Emily K. Ninmer ◽  
Claire Stewart ◽  
Matthew P. Sharron ◽  
Julia Noether Ashworth ◽  
Natalia Martinez-Schlurman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Case Series ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Pediatric Case ◽  
Retrospective Case Series ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and taxonomy of pathogen codetection in pediatric case fatalities associated with adenoviral respiratory infection. Methods This retrospective case series included 107 pediatric case fatalities associated with adenoviral respiratory infection. Results We observed a high rate of pathogen codetection with broad diversity from both respiratory and nonrespiratory sources. We noted differences in codetection characteristics based on immune status; most notably that immunocompromised cases were more likely to have bacteremia and adenoviremia. Conclusions In pediatric case fatalities associated with adenoviral respiratory infection, we observed a high degree of pathogen codetection.

scholarly journals Presentation and Outcome of Cryptococcal Infection Varies by Predisposing Illness

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S77-S78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krunal Raval ◽  
William Powderly ◽  
Andrej Spec
Keyword(s):  
Immune Status ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Cryptococcal Infection ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Background Better treatment for HIV has led to the changing epidemiology of cryptococcosis. Important differences in outcomes have recently been demonstrated based on immune status. In this study, we describe the differences in presentation and outcome of cryptococcal infection by immune status in the post-HAART era. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with cryptococcosis from 2002 through 2014 at our institution. Data included demographics, clinical features, diagnostics, and outcomes. Comparisons were made with χ 2 and one-way ANOVA. Survival analysis was performed with Cox regression with survival censored at 90 days. Results We enrolled 243 patients with cryptococcosis: 91 (37.4%) with HIV, 24 (9%) with prior organ transplantation, and 128 (52.6%) with non-HIV non-transplant (NHNT). Age analysis showed HIV patients were younger (40 years) than transplant (53 years) and NHNT (60 years) (P < 0.001). Fevers and headache were more common in HIV (71 and 52%, P = 0.001) than in transplant (33 and 25%, P 0.001) and NHNT (51 and 39%, P 0.001), respectively. Meningitis (71%) was more common in HIV+ than in transplant recipients (45%) or NHNT (43%, P < 0.001). NHNT (37.5%) and transplant (45.8%) had more pulmonary cryptococcosis than HIV (10%, P < 0.001). Patients with NHNT had a higher risk of mortality (HR 2.642, 95% CI 1.481–4.713) as compared with HIV+. However, transplant recipients with cryptococcosis had risk of 90-day mortality (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.33–2.99) similar to HIV+ patients. Conclusion Cryptococcosis in HIV+ and transplant recipients was less common than in NHNT in our institution and the presentation was different, with meningitis being less prominent. Cryptococcosis in NHNT was associated with higher risk of death than HIV+ patients or transplant recipients. NHNT patients comprise an important group that requires a high degree of clinical suspicion. Survival curve of 243 patients with cryptococcosis by immune status: blue (NHNT), green (HIV), and red (any transplant). Patients in non-HIV non-transplant cohort had a higher mortality than those with HIV or transplant. Vertical dashes represent censored data (P < .001). Disclosures A. Spec, Astellas Pharma US, Inc.: Grant Investigator, Research grant

Tissue section lifting for electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Adrian F. van Dellen
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Determination ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

The morphologic pathologist may require information on the ultrastructure of a non-specific lesion seen under the light microscope before he can make a specific determination. Such lesions, when caused by infectious disease agents, may be sparsely distributed in any organ system. Tissue culture systems, too, may only have widely dispersed foci suitable for ultrastructural study. In these situations, when only a few, small foci in large tissue areas are useful for electron microscopy, it is advantageous to employ a methodology which rapidly selects a single tissue focus that is expected to yield beneficial ultrastructural data from amongst the surrounding tissue. This is in essence what "LIFTING" accomplishes. We have developed LIFTING to a high degree of accuracy and repeatability utilizing the Microlift (Fig 1), and have successfully applied it to tissue culture monolayers, histologic paraffin sections, and tissue blocks with large surface areas that had been initially fixed for either light or electron microscopy.

Electron Microscopy in Molecular Biology

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Cecil E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Shadow Casting ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

The visualization of organic macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, viruses and virus components has reached its high degree of effectiveness owing to refinements and reliability of instruments and to the invention of methods for enhancing the structure of these materials within the electron image. The latter techniques have been most important because what can be seen depends upon the molecular and atomic character of the object as modified which is rarely evident in the pristine material. Structure may thus be displayed by the arts of positive and negative staining, shadow casting, replication and other techniques. Enhancement of contrast, which delineates bounds of isolated macromolecules has been effected progressively over the years as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 by these methods. We now look to the future wondering what other visions are waiting to be seen. The instrument designers will need to exact from the arts of fabrication the performance that theory has prescribed as well as methods for phase and interference contrast with explorations of the potentialities of very high and very low voltages. Chemistry must play an increasingly important part in future progress by providing specific stain molecules of high visibility, substrates of vanishing “noise” level and means for preservation of molecular structures that usually exist in a solvated condition.

A High Angle, Double Tilting Cold Stage for the AEI EM7

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
P.R. Swann ◽  
A.E. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Habit Plane ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Drift ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Better Than

Figure 1 shows the design of a specimen stage used for the in situ observation of phase transformations in the temperature range between ambient and −160°C. The design has the following features a high degree of specimen stability during tilting linear tilt actuation about two orthogonal axes for accurate control of tilt angle read-out high angle tilt range for stereo work and habit plane determination simple, robust construction temperature control of better than ±0.5°C minimum thermal drift and transmission of vibration from the cooling system.

New Aspects in the Design of Electron Optical Magnification Systems

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 606-607
Author(s):  
Willem H.J. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Theoretical Limit ◽  
Optical Magnification ◽  
Chromatic Aberrations ◽  
High Degree

Electron microscope design, and particularly the design of the imaging system, has reached a high degree of perfection. Present objective lenses perform up to their theoretical limit, while the whole imaging system, consisting of three or four lenses, provides very wide ranges of magnification and diffraction camera length with virtually no distortion of the image. Evolution of the electron microscope in to a routine research tool in which objects of steadily increasing thickness are investigated, has made it necessary for the designer to pay special attention to the chromatic aberrations of the magnification system (as distinct from the chromatic aberration of the objective lens). These chromatic aberrations cause edge un-sharpness of the image due to electrons which have suffered energy losses in the object.There exist two kinds of chromatic aberration of the magnification system; the chromatic change of magnification, characterized by the coefficient Cm, and the chromatic change of rotation given by Cp.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document