Comment on: Emergence of plasmid-mediated oxazolidinone resistance gene poxtA from CC17 Enterococcus faecium of pig origin

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1358-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana R Freitas ◽  
Carla Novais ◽  
Teresa M Coque ◽  
Luísa Peixe
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium

scholarly journals Novel Plasmid-Borne Multidrug Resistance Gene Cluster Includinglsa(E) from a Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Isolate of Swine Origin

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 7113-7116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Si ◽  
Wan-Jiang Zhang ◽  
Shengbo Chu ◽  
Xiu-Mei Wang ◽  
Lei Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Insertion Element ◽  
Multidrug Resistance Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Recombination Processes ◽  
Faecium Isolate

ABSTRACTA novel nonconjugative plasmid of 28,489 bp from a porcine linezolid-resistantEnterococcus faeciumisolate was completely sequenced. This plasmid harbored a novel type of multiresistance gene cluster that comprised the resistance geneslnu(B),lsa(E),spw,aadE,aphA3, and two copies oferm(B), which account for resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, pleuromutilins, streptomycin, spectinomycin, and kanamycin/neomycin. Structural comparisons suggested that this plasmid might have developed from other enterococcal plasmids by insertion element (IS)-mediated interplasmid recombination processes.

scholarly journals Emergence of plasmid-mediated oxazolidinone resistance gene poxtA from CC17 Enterococcus faecium of pig origin—authors’ response

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1359-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhu Huang ◽  
Mengli Wang ◽  
Yi Gao ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Liping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium

scholarly journals Disruption of an Enterococcus faecium Species-Specific Gene, a Homologue of Acquired Macrolide Resistance Genes of Staphylococci, Is Associated with an Increase in Macrolide Susceptibility

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavindra V. Singh ◽  
Kumthorn Malathum ◽  
Barbara E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Complete Sequence ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Intrinsic Resistance ◽  
Macrolide Resistance Gene ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT The complete sequence (1,479 nucleotides) of msrC, part of which was recently reported by others using a different strain, was determined. This gene was found in 233 of 233 isolates ofEnterococcus faecium but in none of 265 other enterococci. Disruption of msrC was associated with a two- to eightfold decrease in MICs of erythromycin azithromycin, tylosin, and quinupristin, suggesting that it may explain in part the apparent greater intrinsic resistance to macrolides of isolates of E. faecium relative to many streptococci. This endogenous, species-specific gene of E. faecium is 53% identical tomsr(A), suggesting that it may be a remote progenitor of the acquired macrolide resistance gene found in some isolates of staphylococci.

scholarly journals Detection of Oxazolidinone Resistance Genes and Characterization of Genetic Environments in Enterococci of Swine Origin, Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2021
Author(s):  
Simona Fioriti ◽  
Gianluca Morroni ◽  
Sonia Nina Coccitto ◽  
Andrea Brenciani ◽  
Alberto Antonelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Linezolid Resistance ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Clonality Analysis

One hundred forty-five florfenicol-resistant enterococci, isolated from swine fecal samples collected from 76 pig farms, were investigated for the presence of optrA, cfr, and poxtA genes by PCR. Thirty florfenicol-resistant Enterococcus isolates had at least one linezolid resistance gene. optrA was found to be the most widespread linezolid resistance gene (23/30), while cfr and poxtA were detected in 6/30 and 7/30 enterococcal isolates, respectively. WGS analysis also showed the presence of the cfr(D) gene in Enterococcus faecalis (n = 2 isolates) and in Enterococcus avium (n = 1 isolate). The linezolid resistance genes hybridized both on chromosome and plasmids ranging from ~25 to ~240 kb. Twelve isolates were able to transfer linezolid resistance genes to enterococci recipient. WGS analysis displayed a great variability of optrA genetic contexts identical or related to transposons (Tn6628 and Tn6674), plasmids (pE035 and pWo27-9), and chromosomal regions. cfr environments showed identities with Tn6644-like transposon and a region from p12-2300 plasmid; cfr(D) genetic contexts were related to the corresponding region of the plasmid 4 of Enterococcus faecium E8014; poxtA was always found on Tn6657. Circular forms were obtained only for optrA- and poxtA-carrying genetic contexts. Clonality analysis revealed the presence of E. faecalis (ST16, ST27, ST476, and ST585) and E. faecium (ST21) clones previously isolated from humans. These results demonstrate a dissemination of linezolid resistance genes in enterococci of swine origin in Central Italy and confirm the spread of linezolid resistance in animal settings.

scholarly journals Detection of the Phenicol–Oxazolidinone Resistance Gene poxtA in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis from Food-Producing Animals during 2008–2018 in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1839
Author(s):  
Seok-Hyeon Na ◽  
Dong-Chan Moon ◽  
Mi-Hyun Kim ◽  
Hee-Young Kang ◽  
Su-Jeong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Linezolid Resistance

We aimed to investigate the presence of the phenicol–oxazolidinone resistance gene poxtA in linezolid-resistant enterococci from food-producing animals and analyze its molecular characteristics. We collected 3941 Enterococcus faecium and 5088 E. faecalis isolates from all provinces of South Korea from 2008 to 2018. We found linezolid resistance in 0.79% (94/3941) of E. faecium and 1.22% (62/5088) of E. faecalis isolates. Overall, 23.1% (36/156) of the linezolid-resistant isolates had the poxtA gene, including 31 E. faecium and five E. faecalis isolates. The poxtA-positive enterococci were mainly isolated from chicken (86.1%; 26/36). Fifteen poxtA-harboring isolates co-carried another linezolid-resistance gene, optrA. Eight E. faecium isolates had an N130K mutation in the ribosomal protein L4, while no mutations were observed in E. faecalis isolates. The poxtA gene was transferred into 10 enterococci by conjugation. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis indicated that poxtA-carrying isolates were heterogeneous. Three E. faecium isolates belonged to CC17 (ST32, ST121, and ST491). To our knowledge, this is the first report on the poxtA gene in Korea. Prudent use of antimicrobials and active surveillance on antimicrobial resistance are urgently needed to reduce the risk of dissemination of the linezolid-resistant isolates in humans and animals.

Identification and characterization of IS1476, an insertion sequence-like element that disrupts VanY function in a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strain.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1805-1807 ◽  
Author(s):  
M G MacKinnon ◽  
M A Drebot ◽  
G J Tyrrell
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Detection Strategy ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Faecium Strain

The vanY gene of vancomycin-resistant enterococci encodes a D,D-carboxypeptidase. By using a PCR detection strategy, a VanA Enterococcus faecium clinical isolate was found to have an insertion sequence (IS)-like element designated IS1476 in vanY. The activity of the VanY D,D-carboxypeptidase in this isolate was decreased in a fluorometric fluoraldehyde o-phthalaldehyde assay with diacetyl-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala as the substrate. This, to our knowledge, is the first report of an IS-like element in a vancomycin resistance gene.

scholarly journals Prevalence of the erm(T) Gene in Clinical Isolates of Erythromycin-Resistant Group D Streptococcus and Enterococcus

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1567-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda P. DiPersio ◽  
Joseph R. DiPersio ◽  
Kevin C. Frey ◽  
Jacqueline A. Beach
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
First Report ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
Group D

ABSTRACT Among 48 erythromycin-resistant group D streptococci (GDS), 36 had the erm(T) resistance gene. erm(T) was also found in 4 of 31 erythromycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates. This is the first report of the erm(T) gene in U.S. GDS isolates and the first report of the erm(T) gene in enterococci.

Prevalence of the aminoglycoside phosphotransferase genes aph(3′)-IIIa and aph(3′)-IIa in Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica and Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Austria

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Woegerbauer ◽  
Josef Zeinzinger ◽  
Burkhard Springer ◽  
Peter Hufnagl ◽  
Alexander Indra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Aminoglycoside Phosphotransferase

The aminoglycoside phosphotransferase aph(3′)-IIa primarily inactivates kanamycin and neomycin, whilst aph(3′)-IIIa also inactivates amikacin. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of both resistance genes in major human pathogens to obtain their baseline prevalence in the gene pool of these bacterial populations in Austria. In total, 10 541 Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica and Staphylococcus aureus isolates were collected representatively without selection bias between 2008 and 2011. Isolates were analysed by aph(3′)-IIIa/nptIII- and aph(3′)-IIa/nptII-specific TaqMan real-time PCR. For positive strains, MICs using Etests were performed and resistance gene sequences were determined. The overall prevalence of aph(3′)-IIIa/nptIII was 1.62 % (95 % confidence interval: 1.38–1.88 %). In Escherichia coli, enterococci, Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa and Salmonella spp., the aph(3′)-IIIa/nptIII prevalence was 0.47 % (0–1.47 %), 37.53 % (32.84–42.40 %), 2.90 % (1.51–5.02 %), 0 % (0–0.32 %) and 0 % (0–0.037 %), respectively. Eleven of a total of 169 carriers showed single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the resistance allele. The overall prevalence of aph(3′)-IIa/nptII was 0.0096 % (0–0.046 %). Escherichia coli (0–0.70 %), enterococci (0–0.75 %), Staphylococcus aureus (0–0.73 %) and P. aeruginosa (0–0.32 %) did not carry aph(3′)-IIa. A single Salmonella isolate was positive, resulting in an aph(3′)-IIa prevalence of 0.013 % (0–0.058 %). aph(3′)-IIIa/nptIII carriers were moderately prevalent in the strains tested except for in enterococci, which appeared to be an important reservoir for aph(3′)-IIIa. aph(3′)-IIa/nptII genes were detected at clinically irrelevant frequencies and played no significant role in the aminoglycoside resistance gene pool during the observation period.

scholarly journals The Fosfomycin Resistance Gene fosB3 Is Located on a Transferable, Extrachromosomal Circular Intermediate in Clinical Enterococcus faecium Isolates

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e78106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Xu ◽  
Chunhui Chen ◽  
Dongfang Lin ◽  
Qinglan Guo ◽  
Fupin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Fosfomycin Resistance
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