Dual therapy combining raltegravir with etravirine maintains a high level of viral suppression over 96 weeks in long-term experienced HIV-infected individuals over 45 years on a PI-based regimen: results from the Phase II ANRS 163 ETRAL study

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2742-2751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Katlama ◽  
Lambert Assoumou ◽  
Marc-Antoine Valantin ◽  
Cathia Soulié ◽  
Esteban Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Dual Therapy ◽  
Integrase Inhibitor ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Type 1 Error ◽  
Virological Success ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Dual therapy combining integrase inhibitors and NNRTIs represents a promising regimen in ageing HIV-infected individuals with long exposure to nucleoside analogues and PIs. Methods The ANRS 163 ETRAL trial (NCT02212379) was a 96 week, multicentre, single-arm study evaluating the efficacy and safety of raltegravir (400 mg twice daily)/etravirine (200 mg twice daily) in individuals >45 years, on a PI-containing regimen who were integrase inhibitor and etravirine naive. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants with virological success, defined by the absence of virological failure up to week 48. Main secondary outcomes included evolution of metabolic parameters, CD4/CD8 count, bone mineral density and inflammatory markers. The study was designed to show an efficacy >90%, assuming a success rate ≥95%, with a power of 80% and a 5% type-1 error. Results One hundred and sixty-five participants (median age 52 years, duration of ART 16.9 years, viral suppression 6.9 years and CD4 count 700 cells/mm3) were enrolled. By ITT analysis, viral suppression was maintained in 99.4% of participants (95% CI = 95.6%–99.9%) at week 48 and 98.7% (95% CI = 95.0%–99.7%) at week 96. Two virological failures occurred (week 24 and week 64) without emergence of integrase inhibitor resistance. Eight participants discontinued raltegravir/etravirine for adverse events, leading to a strategy success rate of 95.1% (95% CI = 90.5%–97.5%) at week 48 and 92.7% (95% CI = 87.5%–95.8%) at week 96. Over 96 weeks, lipid fractions improved (P < 0.001), CD4/CD8 ratio increased, IFNγ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) decreased (−8.1%), soluble CD14 decreased (−27%, P < 0.001) bone mineral density improved and BMI increased. Conclusions Raltegravir plus etravirine dual therapy demonstrated durable efficacy in virologically suppressed ageing patients.

Комплексная оценка минерально-костных нарушений у женщин с оксалатной нефропатией в постменопаузе

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
High Level ◽  
Oxalate Nephropathy

A study was made of phosphorus-calcium metabolism, markers of bone metabolism, bone mineral density in 142 women in the early postmenopausal period, the patients with oxalate nephropathy at stage 2 of chronic kidney disease. It is proved that patients have signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism (hypocalcemia, hypercalciuria, increased parathyroid hormone) and a deficiency of 25 (OH) D3. Violation of bone metabolism is confirmed by a high level of β-Cross Laps and a decrease in bone mineral density. The probability of a 10-year risk of developing osteoporetic fractures in patients using the FRAX calculator is two times higher than in the control group. The conclusion was made that patients with oxalate nephropathy have a high risk of developing osteoporosis already in the early stages of chronic kidney disease.

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship of Bone Turnover Markers and Bone Mineral Density in Community-Dwelling Postmenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xu Wei ◽  
Yili Zhang ◽  
Xinghua Xiang ◽  
Menghua Sun ◽  
Kai Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Procollagen Type ◽  
Turnover Markers ◽  
High Level

Aims. To explore the relationships of procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and β cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (β-CTX) with bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Methods. All postmenopausal women were selected from a community-based case-control study. The anteroposterior L1-L4 and left proximal femur BMD were measured. P1NP and β-CTX were also collected and tested. The main correlation analysis was applied to explore the relationships of BMD, P1NP, and β-CTX. Results. The total 1055 postmenopausal women were enrolled. The BMD at all sites kept a decrease continually with age ( P < 0.01 ). In addition, the level of β-CTX increased significantly from 45 to 50 years old and remained at a high level in the later stage, while the level of P1NP changed little or even decreased with age. Logistic regression model showed that β-CTX has better ability to predict BMD than P1NP, as demonstrated by an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.63. Conclusion. P1NP and β-CTX are important markers to monitor bone metabolism. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-SOC-17013090. The date of registration is Oct. 23, 2017.

scholarly journals The Combined Effects of Milk Intake and Physical Activity on Bone Mineral Density in Korean Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
Jae Hyun Lee ◽  
Ae Wha Ha ◽  
Woo Kyoung Kim ◽  
Sun Hyo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Activity Group ◽  
High Level ◽  
Physical Activity Group

The purpose of this study was to examine the combined effects of milk intake and physical activity on bone mineral density in adolescents. This study was conducted using data from the 2009–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), which provided measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) in addition to basic health-related data. This study included 1061 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years (557 males and 504 females) whose data on milk intake and participation time in moderate to vigorous physical activity were available. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Milk intake was assessed using the 24-h recall method, and the levels of physical activity were examined using a questionnaire. The physical activity questions of 2009–2011 KNHANES were based on the Korean version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form. The subjects were classified into four groups according to milk intake and physical activity level: no milk intake + low-level physical activity group (MnoPlow), no milk intake + high-level physical activity group (MnoPhigh), milk intake + low-level physical activity group (MyesPlow), and milk intake + high-level physical activity group (MyesPhigh). The results of partial correlation controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), and energy intake showed that the BMD variables were associated significantly with physical activity in both males and females. Among males, the MnoPlow group had the lowest BMD in all BMD variables, showing a significant difference from the high-level physical activity groups (MnoPhigh, MyesPhigh) by multiple logistic regression analysis. Among females, the MyesPhigh group showed a significantly higher lumbar BMD value than the other groups. The MnoPlow group had approximately 0.3 to 0.5 times lower odds ratio for median or higher BMD values, compared to MyesPhigh group. These results show that milk intake and physical activity have a combined effect on BMD, and suggest that to achieve healthy bone growth, it is important to encourage both moderate to vigorous physical activity and milk intake during adolescence.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density in high-level endurance runners: part A—site-specific characteristics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Herbert ◽  
A. G. Williams ◽  
S. J. Lockey ◽  
R. M. Erskine ◽  
C. Sale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Endurance Runners ◽  
High Level

Abstract Purpose Physical activity, particularly mechanical loading that results in high-peak force and is multi-directional in nature, increases bone mineral density (BMD). In athletes such as endurance runners, this association is more complex due to other factors such as low energy availability and menstrual dysfunction. Moreover, many studies of athletes have used small sample sizes and/or athletes of varying abilities, making it difficult to compare BMD phenotypes between studies. Method The primary aim of this study was to compare dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) derived bone phenotypes of high-level endurance runners (58 women and 45 men) to non-athletes (60 women and 52 men). Our secondary aim was to examine the influence of menstrual irregularities and sporting activity completed during childhood on these bone phenotypes. Results Female runners had higher leg (4%) but not total body or lumbar spine BMD than female non-athletes. Male runners had lower lumbar spine (9%) but similar total and leg BMD compared to male non-athletes, suggesting that high levels of site-specific mechanical loading was advantageous for BMD in females only and a potential presence of reduced energy availability in males. Menstrual status in females and the number of sports completed in childhood in males and females had no influence on bone phenotypes within the runners. Conclusion Given the large variability in BMD in runners and non-athletes, other factors such as variation in genetic make-up alongside mechanical loading probably influence BMD across the adult lifespan.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density in high-level endurance runners: Part B—genotype-dependent characteristics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Herbert ◽  
A. G. Williams ◽  
S. J. Lockey ◽  
R. M. Erskine ◽  
C. Sale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Genetic Interaction ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lower Lumbar Spine ◽  
Endurance Runners ◽  
High Level

Abstract Purpose Inter-individual variability in bone mineral density (BMD) exists within and between endurance runners and non-athletes, probably in part due to differing genetic profiles. Certainty is lacking, however, regarding which genetic variants may contribute to BMD in endurance runners and if specific genotypes are sensitive to environmental factors, such as mechanical loading via training. Method Ten single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified from previous genome-wide and/or candidate gene association studies that have a functional effect on bone physiology. The aims of this study were to investigate (1) associations between genotype at those 10 SNPs and bone phenotypes in high-level endurance runners, and (2) interactions between genotype and athlete status on bone phenotypes. Results Female runners with P2RX7 rs3751143 AA genotype had 4% higher total-body BMD and 5% higher leg BMD than AC + CC genotypes. Male runners with WNT16 rs3801387 AA genotype had 14% lower lumbar spine BMD than AA genotype non-athletes, whilst AG + GG genotype runners also had 5% higher leg BMD than AG + GG genotype non-athletes. Conclusion We report novel associations between P2RX7 rs3751143 genotype and BMD in female runners, whilst differences in BMD between male runners and non-athletes with the same WNT16 rs3801387 genotype existed, highlighting a potential genetic interaction with factors common in endurance runners, such as high levels of mechanical loading. These findings contribute to our knowledge of the genetic associations with BMD and improve our understanding of why some runners have lower BMD than others.

Relationship between serum calcium levels and bone mineral density in liver transplant receipients

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A564-A564
Author(s):  
K ISLAM ◽  
S CREECH ◽  
R SOKHI ◽  
R KONDAVEETI ◽  
A NADIR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Mineral Density
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